...consumerism took the forefront over spiritual connection to the land and Its history, mans sole concern was to 'develop' the land by turning the trees into houses, no matter the ramifications of his actions. Andrew McGahan's, The White Earth explores ideas of the destruction of the environment as a result of white settlement in Australia, and how this has impacted man's spiritual connection to the land. Such ideas are conveyed through the use of language, juxtaposition and point of view. Many language techniques are utilised throughout this text in order to express ideas about the beauty of nature and how this beauty is being destroyed through the careless acts of man. The use of symbolism implies a much broader and deeper meaning to the words chosen by the author, for example when Mcgahan writes, “There were only these notches hewn in the tree trunks, slowly disappearing.” He intends for a much broader interpretation of the disappearance of footholds in the trees; he is commenting on the slow disappearance of the Aboriginal culture through the use of symbolism. Another way in which McGahan employs language techniques in order to explore ideas is through the use of personification; the author brings the environment to life through personification as a means to provoke sympathy from the reader. “Bizarrely shaped fungi, feeding off the rotting limbs of fallen trees.” This grim expression transforms a seemingly inanimate tree into something that is living and human like, he does so again...
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...In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. In looser senses, the taller palms, the tree ferns, bananas and bamboos are also trees. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. The tallest known tree, a coast redwood named Hyperion, stands 115.6 m (379 ft) high. Trees have been in existence on the Earth for 370 million years. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a woody trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into sugars by photosynthesis, providing the food for the tree's growth and development. Flowers and fruit...
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...is very precious since the rubber land will be sold in the future. We left UCSI University by 1.30 p.m to RRIM by bus. We were looking forward to this trip since we had not even look before a proper rubber tree since we were born. We were also curious about how rubber tree can make so much money by collecting the latex early in the morning that we heard from our ancestors. We reached RRIM at Sungai Buloh after half an hour. When we arrived, we started to bring out our cameras to take photograph of the rubber tree. We even knew the background of RRIM and clones of rubber tree from the person in charge. Henry Wicham had collected 9 rubber seeds and brought to Malaysia. Mr. Tan Chian Yian was the first rubber planter who managed to plant rubber trees commercially in Melaka. Since then rubber trees were planted at many areas till today. Later on, the staff demonstrated how to produce a best clone rubber tree which had high quality of timber and lots of latex and thus increase income. This process can improve the growth rate and is tappable in 4 years after planting. Although the process of cloning of the tree was complicated, it can give lots of advantage. After seeing how to produce a best rubber tree, Mr. Azman showed us how to tap a rubber tree by using a tool called Jebung. He taught us that the Jebung was used to shear off a thin layer of rubber tree’s bark. The latex will then drip into a bucket that were tied along the tree trunk. Many of our classmates were...
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...environmental issues. By developing sustainable methods of forest usage and eliminating excess deforestation efforts, the Earth’s tropical rainforests can continue to hold the treasures of wildlife. Forests make up thirty percent of the Earth’s land surface. Wildlife is abundant and plant life is so diverse that many species are still unknown. With forests areas the size of Panama being wiped away each year, in one hundred years the world’s rainforests could completely vanish (National Geographic). Countless trees are cut down every year by the logging industry, which supplies the world with paper and wood products. Its effects extend beyond the loss of trees. For example, several indigenous tribes of Papua, New Guinea have lost huge portions of their land to government-backed logging operations (Shearman, Phil, and Jane Bryan). For tribal peoples who subsist on the land, it is a major misfortune for them. Agriculture and cattle-ranching are the two additional forces behind massive deforestation. As a result of increased consumer demand, farmers cut forests to make room for crops and grazing livestock (Roberts, Michael). Cattle-ranching supports a huge industry. Fast food restaurants, for example, require tons of beef. Hundreds of acres of forest lands are invaded in...
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...the clears out. The trees of Oirase stand like respected, insightful persons. Looking upward from the streambed where I stand, I see dark green leaves of August, loaded with life, stretching out from treetops and branches toward little fixes of blue sky. Nothing is more meriting commendation than a tree that has persevered. Excellence drawing closer godlikeness. Not a thing is absent. Flawlessness. Its trunk, gigantic. Its bark, thick. In Japanese it is called mizunara- - water oak. Its name gets from the expansive measure of water it stores. These trees develop to 100 feet in tallness; I am informed that their normal age is around 300 years. As I look upward, the consistent mumble of the mountain stream purifies my ears, punctuated every now and then with the peeping of fowls. Could there be a winged animal that does not sing? Could there be a tree that does not reach toward the sky? The tree stakes its exceptionally presence on only one thing. It needs just to completely show the force it has covered up inside. "I will carry on with my life! I will completely develop and idealize my life!" Without perplexity or faltering, glad, superb, the tree lives as it may be, consistent with itself. What's more, in the place where there is Oirase, such respectable trees line the streambeds in "green forests." And the name Aomori, the prefecture in which Oirase is found, signifies "green forests." It was my first visit to Aomori in 15 years. Summer,...
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...Tree Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), a broad-leaved tree European larch (Larix decidua), a coniferous tree Lepidodendron, an extinct lycophyte tree In botany, a tree is a plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting leaves or branches. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants, only plants that are usable as lumber, only plants above a specified height or only perennial species. At its broadest, trees include the taller palms, the tree ferns, bananas and bamboo. A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy by photosynthesis, providing the food needed by the tree for its growth and development. Flowers and fruit may also be present, but some trees such as conifers instead have pollen cones and seed cones, and others such as tree ferns produce spores instead. Trees tend to be long-lived,[1] some reaching several thousand years old. The tallest known specimen on Earth...
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...THE TABLET With two hands grasping a thin stone tablet, Priam struggled to leap into the tree in complete silence. The branch swayed under his weight and rustled its leaves. Priam froze. Too much noise! Too much! He drew himself rigid. He refused to breathe. His heart hammered within his chest. He was close now, the tall gray mass peeking from the breaks in the leaves. His senses heightened as if he were hunting, but his knees trembled, his breaths shortened and grew louder against his will, and his instincts told him to flee. But Priam battled his instinct and sprang into the final tree. Priam perched upon a branch near the edge of the forest, eyes wide. Priam would not release his tablet, he never wished to abandon it from his strong grip, so he lowered himself onto the branch with one foot and swung the other over the branch until he sat with his legs dangling below him. The wall had not fled. And he could watch it. It was an enormous gray mass, climbing high into the sky so Priam could only see it through the canopy if he ventured to the thinnest edge of the forest. The wall never darted into its land of the Others, those that had driven his people into the forest long ago. Yet it threatened Priam, to flee, to disappear, to leave him alone. So Priam skulked toward it every time as not to awake it from its slumber. He had been successful today, and he could breathe again. As he stared at the wall, he lifted the tablet before him, his tongue wagging from the side of his mouth...
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...woodland is defined as any woodland which has remained woodland for the last 400 years (since 1600) or more in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (1750 in Scotland). It can either be Ancient semi-natural woodland (ASNWs), plantation on ancient woodland site (PAWS), Restored Ancient Woodland Site (RAWS) or Ancient Woodland Site of unknown category (AWSU). ASNWs refer to ancient woodlands that retain a native tree and shrub cover that has not been planted, although it may have been coppiced or felled and allowed to regenerate naturally. PAWs are ancient woodlands where the original tree cover has been felled and replaced by planting, often with conifers , usually over the last century and are comprised of a canopy cover of more than 50% non-native conifer tree species. RAWs are ancient woodlands that will have gone through a phase when canopy cover will have been more than 50% non-native conifer tree species and now have a canopy cover of more than 50% broadleaf. AWSUs are woodlands which may be any of the above and are predominantly in transition where the existing tree cover is described as shrubs, young trees, felled or ground prepared for planting. Ancient woodlands are particularly important because they are typically exceptionally rich in wildlife including many rare species and habitat and act as reservoirs from which wildlife can spread into new woodland. They preserve the integrity of soil ecological processes and associated biodiversity. They are also an integral part...
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...Training Program Civic Welfare Training Services “CAPSULE PROJECT PROPOSAL 1” Title: Tree Planting Activity Theme: “Kabataan Sagip Kalikasan” Proponent: BSMT 11–A2 Duration: 22nd of December 2015 (1400H-1600H) Venue: Brgy. Alos (Alaminos City, Pangasinan) OBJECTIVES: * To help fight global warming and combat air pollution. * To make the world a better place for the next generation. * To make the surroundings green, pleasant to look at, and to have a fresh air. * To help save the earth from constant illegal logging. * To lessen mother earth’s distress. BENEFICIARIES: The next generation and future leaders. More specifically, the community of Alaminos City, Pangasinan. COST: Materials | Quantity | Price | Total Price | Seedlings | 100 pcs. | ₱ 15.00 | ₱ 1,500.00 | Garden Trowel | 50 pcs. | ₱ 50.00 | ₱ 2,500.00 | Pail | 3 pcs. | ₱ 100.00 | ₱ 300.00 | 5 Gallon Water | 1 jug | ₱ 40.00 | ₱ 40.00 | Paper Cups | 1 Pack | ₱ 55.00 | ₱ 55.00 | OVERALL TOTAL: ₱ 4, 395.00 | PROCEDURE OF OPERATION: DATE & TIME | ACTIVITY | DESCRIPTION | November 13-15, 2015 | Permission and Approval | Ask the permission and approval of Barangay Officials to conduct the said activity on the said date. | November 16,2015 - December 16, 2015 | 1 Month Recruitment | Encourage atleast 50 youth volunteers to participate in the tree planting activity. Through social media. | December 17-20, 2015 | Fund Collection | Solicitation...
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...When Trees start out in the wild, their life begins in an area where that type of tree is adapted to and tolerant of the conditions of that particular site. As the trees mature, the site conditions may change. People may modify the land by building houses or office buildings. The building of these structures most times take away an assortment of brush and small plants, thus altering the natural landscape.. Some trees are tolerant of these man made conditions like Oaks and Elms. The types that are not tolerant and cannot adapt only have one choice, and that is too die. (9) Another situation that may occur is the planting of young trees in an urban site. At this young age, it allows its self to become more tolerant to an environment. But, sometimes this tolerance level is not taken into consideration. Trees may be picked just because of their color or size only. This may not be the best situation, and the tree usually dies. In that case, there will be another chance to put a more tolerant tree in that area. The trees that do survive in this condition are in so much shock after being taken out of its tolerant environment, and being put in a none tolerant environment, that their limits are being pushed to the edge. When this happens, the result will be poor performance, and a non-attractive tree. These trees that are not at their peak condition are more prone to contract diseases and attract unwanted visiting insects. The trees that have problems with diseases and insects need...
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...related issues, etc. It is forest destruction, or Deforestation, as it is often referred to. Simply put, Deforestation is the clearing of the Earths forests on a very large scale. This is a worldwide epidemic, and generally in mainstream society, it is an issue that is largely put aside in its importance. While over 30% of the worlds land mass is still covered by forested areas (National Geographic.com), the rate in which the trees are being devoured is alarming. According to an article in the magazine, National Geographic, an area the size of Panama is cleared each and every year. Strategies must be developed to help control the amount of this precious resource that are stripped from the people and many different that rely on the forest for survival. To first understand and formulate a mitigation plan, one must first know the purposes behind Deforestation. There are many reasons behind why humans strip the forest of its trees. These reasons can vary, depending on the country we are talking about. They almost all come down to economics. For example, in many South American countries, poverty and lack of food sources cause people to clear land for the purpose of agriculture. The unavailability of jobs and a need to provide for their families results in necessity. They will use what is referred to as “slash and burn” techniques, where small amounts of acreage are cleared and then burned. Let’s look at some rainforest facts, provided by Raintree Nutrition, Inc. These can...
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...find myself behind the old oak tree in our back yard. This was my favorite spot. The thick trunk, like a bodyguard, protected me from the imaginary bullets that flew towards my body. I would lean against the hard bark and for some reason it was comforting to have something sturdy to lean on. It was dark brown, and every now and then a spider would nestle between the pieces of bark. Sometimes I would touch the tree to peek around the corner and my fingers would be sticky. I could never quite figure out why that was, but, nevertheless, I had the hardest time getting it off, a constant reminder of my tree. When my little brother, miguel and I weren't at "battle," I would lay beneath my oak tree and daydream. As I looked up I could see millions of branches protecting me from everything above. At the end of each branch were hundreds of more leaves that would gently catch the morning dew, and carefully allowed it to make its way to the grass. It was like thousands of stars in the sky as the sun caught the drops and allowed them to sparkle so brightly. This was my heaven, and as I lay there, I could feel the plush grass, like a snuggly old blanket, holding my body gently against the ground. Sometimes the grasshoppers would appear from around a blade of grass as if they were asking for approval to jump on my blanket. Every so often a leaf would jump off its branch to greet me as I sat. It would float through the air as light as feather and land softly on the grass. As the autumn...
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...Influence of seed quality on tree and shrub production systems Farmers and growers expect consistency between species and varieties, as well as a uniform and successful weed free crop that will develop resistance. Seed quality can greatly affect these properties. A seed is the origin of a plant and determines the plant’s future development. Seed quality is a combination of genetic characteristics, physical characteristics, maturity, moisture content etc. (Zecchinelli 2009). The use of good quality seeds influences tree/shrub production as follows: * Yield higher quality trees e.g. higher wood density. * The higher survival rate, faster growth rate and resistance to infection by diseases and pests reduce the Cost of Production. * Faster growth rate yields faster economic returns. * Resulting trees make good seed sources. * Allows for optimal use of land. * Reduces maintenance effort as trees have faster growth rates and are more competitive. (Mbora et al. 2009) Types of seedling root distortions that can develop in containers, and their causes There are two main causes for root distortions in container grown trees; plant handling techniques used at nurseries during the propagation phase, and the container design which affects root growth and architecture (Moore 2001). Kinked roots/ J-rooting: Angular distortions of more than 90 degrees in the main roots, just below the surface. This type of root distortion occurs due to lack of care when...
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...ASSIGNMENT 10 PROJECT WORK a) Project for primary classroom THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST UNITOVERVIEW This primary unit takes across curricular approach involving language arts, math, science, and social studies. Art, music and movement education activities are also used to develop the concepts in this unit. Students will learn about the rainforest through a variety of activities to complete both on-line and in downloadable format for use in the classroom. In addition there is a resource bank of print and non-print resources included. Each lesson develops a particular focus and may take one class or several classes to complete. Extending activities are also provided as well as assessment and evaluation tools and templates. Foundational Objectives: Knowledge ! Students will increase their knowledge about the rainforest. Skills and habits * Learn about and practice the skills and strategies of effective listeners, speakers, readers, writers and representers. * Speak and write to express thoughts, information, feelings and experiences in a variety of forms for a variety of purposes and audiences. * Read and view a range of grade-level appropriate oral, print, and other media texts in a variety of situations for a variety of purposes. * Assess personal and group strengths...
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...workshops. Apart from group work, they will be directed to do the individual works so that they can take care of anything themselves. Programs: 1. School level presentation and workshops to make them conscious about environment issues around the world. 2. Group project to learn about nature by giving specific homework on various topics. 3. Use of internet to search about nature and its problems. 4. Discussions about different topics on regular basis. 5. Electing green club council members so that they would present their activities during school functions. 6. A separate column (earth column /my earth) on a wall magazine to present their successfully completed assignments. 7. Unused lands will be used for flowering and planting the sapling of tree. 8. Separate plants to each green club members will be given for one year of which, they need to take full care of their plants. 9. Field visit such as zoo, local community forest and nurseries tri-monthly with specific theme. 10. Help all school students to discourage the use of plastic bags & plastic containers. 11. Art, essay and quiz competition related with environment (E-Quiz). 12. Encouraging guardians to become environment friendly. 13. Supply of cloth bags. 14. Assisting in making paper bags & paper related showpieces. 15. Regular competition on specific...
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