...Prospects and chaleenges of land development policy in Bangladesh (MD. IBRAHIM KHOLILULLAH, DEPT OF AG.FINANCE, BAU MOB: 01718996557) Introduction Land is the father of wealth and labour is her mother. Land as wealth is scarce, finite, productive and decisive in determining individual’s economic status, social standing and political strength and in determining key to economic development as social justice. All these are more so true in an agrarian economy like Bangladesh. The importance of land and the concern for its uses associated with the ownership are built into people’s needs and aspirations Besides land there are also inland flood plains, streams, lakes, ponds, beel, haor-baor and other areas from very large to small that are partially or fully covered with water either seasonally or permanently in greater or lesser degree. Important characteristic of land is its immobility. A parcel of land remains where it is; it is the basis for establishing ownership. The great importance of land in determining human person’s economic and cultural progress is attributable largely to the diversification, relative scarcity, and localization of its resources. Arable farm land and the most useful minerals, especially, are not distributed evenly over the earth’s surface but are highly localized. A policy is a specific plan or settled course adopted and followed by a government, a group, an institution, or an individual to achieve desired ends. Land policies may be considered as major lines...
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...Identification: "Bangladesh" is a combination of the Bengali words, Bangla and Desh, meaning the country or land where the Bangla language is spoken. The country formerly was known as East Pakistan. Location and Geography: Bangladesh straddles the Bay of Bengal in south Asia. To the west and north it is bounded by India; to the southeast, it borders Myanmar. The topography is predominantly a low-lying floodplain. About half the total area is actively deltaic and is prone to flooding in the monsoon season from May through September. The Padma River flows into the country from the northwest, whilethe Brahmaputra/ Jamuna enters from the north. The capital city, Dhaka, is near the point where those river systems meet. The land is suitable for rice cultivation. Demography. Bangladesh is the most densely populated non island nation in the world. With approximately 150 million inhabitants living in an area of 55,813 square miles, there are about 2,688 persons per square mile. The majority of the population (98 percent) is Bengali, with 2 percent belonging to tribal or other non-Bengali groups. Approximately 83 percent of the population is Muslim, 16 percent is Hindu, and 1 percent is Buddhist, Christian, or other. Annual population growth rate is at about 2 percent. Linguistic Affiliation: The primary language is Bangla, called Bengali by most nonnative’s, an Indo-European language spoken not just by Bangladeshis, but also by people who are culturally Bengali. This includes...
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...the economic penetrations of criminal enterprises to run their strongly ordered activities. ------------------------------------------------- Generally, illicit activities of a conspiratorial group of criminals are known as Organized Crime (OC). Criminal actions are surreptitiously synchronized through a nexus or syndicate for making money. Structured in a pyramidal hierarchy, criminals employ violence and bribery in carrying out operations. Threats of grievous consequences are made to the targets for internal and external control in their connections. ------------------------------------------------- Among the numerous types of political crimes, secret killing, violent politics, campus violence and militant actions are salient in Bangladesh. Organized crime in arms, drugs, humans, cattle, and other commodities takes place with India and Myanmar. Organized financial crimes include public sector corruption, domestic and transnational bribery, money laundering and so on. Organized social crimes include extortion, fraud, robbery, abduction, theft, etc.2 ------------------------------------------------- 1. United Nations General...
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...Hindus in South Asia and the Diaspora: A Survey of Human Rights 2011 www.HAFsite.org March 12, 2012 “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.” “One should never do that to another which one regards as injurious to one’s own self. This, in brief, is the rule of dharma. Yielding to desire and acting differently, one becomes guilty of adharma.” “Thus, trampling on every privilege and everything in us that works for privilege, let us work for that knowledge which will bring the feeling of sameness towards all mankind.” Swami Vivekananda, “The Complete works of Swam Vivekananda,” Vol 1, p. 429 Mahabharata XII: 113, 8 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Article 1 "All men are brothers; no one is big, no one is small. All are equal." Rig Veda, 5:60:5 ...
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...of Minorities For Bangladesh Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 2012 Submitted by: Khalid Hussain President Association of Young generation of Urdu Speaking Community (AYGUSC) Founder & Executive Director Council of Minorities Former UN Minority Fellow-2008 Email: khalid.aygusc@gmail.com Cell: 8801911479073 Inhuman Camp life of Bihari Urdu speaking linguistic minority of Bangladesh: Patterns of inequality, discrimination, political and social marginalization of affected Bihari Urdu Speaking community in Bangladesh. UPR Bangladesh 2012 1 Introduction: One hundred and sixty thousand Urdu speaking Biharis are living in 116 inhuman camps in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh they are identified in the local society by different nomenclatures, such as non-Bengalis, Biharis and Urdu speaking etc. Actually they are linguistic minority in Bangladesh so that their nomenclature should be Urdu Speaking Bangladeshi. In 1947 Sub-continent created two historical events, creation of India, Pakistan and mass migration of Hindus, Muslims and Shik comminutes. When India was divided and creation of Pakistan forced the Indian Muslims to migrate from their original homeland to East and West Pakistan. Most of immigrants from the Indian States of, Bihar, UP and west Bengal came to East Pakistan. The majority of them were Urdu Speaking. They were called as “Mohajirs” meaning refugee, and later they became Biharis and Stranded Pakistani in Bangladesh. The founder of Pakistan...
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...certain limits. These are the most common businesses found across most of the world’s economies. The World Bank Review on Small Business Activities establishes the commitment of the World Bank Group to the development of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector as a core element in its strategy to foster economic growth, employment and poverty alleviation. In the context of Bangladesh, the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) can be considered as a vital instrument for poverty alleviation and ensure the rapid industrialization. So we can say that the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is indispensable for overall economic development of a country particularly for developing countries like Bangladesh. It has drawn a lot of interest among policy makers, academics, businessmen and people in general. Government of Bangladesh has highlighted the importance of SME in the Industrial Policy-2005. SMEs have been identified by the Ministry of Industries as a ‘thrust sector’. As the SME sector is labor intensive, it can create more employment opportunities. For this reason government of Bangladesh has recognized SME as a poverty alleviation tool. As a result they will enhance the standard of living in rural areas. SMEs (Around the world) : Although the definition of what an SME is varies across nations, the most widely used measure is that of the European Union (EU). According to the European Union (2003) SMEs are defined as enterprises which have at most 250 employees...
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...business laws. Business organizations must operate within the boundaries of laws and government regulations. 1.2 Laws have been developed not only to protect consumers but also to preserve competition. Government agencies enforce these laws at the federal, state, and local levels. Business firms that do not comply with the laws face fines and other penalties. 2. Aim The aim of this assignment is to give a general idea regarding the laws that affect business. 3. Scope In this assignment I have limited my focus on the laws of Bangladesh that affect business. However, I have also focused on some of the laws of USA, UK and India those affect business but not yet clearly mentioned in the laws of Bangladesh. 4. Definition of Law “A law is a standard or rule established by a society to govern the behavior of its member.” (Ibid., p.165) The laws of a country relate to many subjects, e.g., inheritance and transfer of property, relationship between persons, crime and their punishments, as well as matter relating to industry, trade and commerce. 5....
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...Political leaders are only responsible for the political oppression in Bangladesh Written by: Muhammad Abdul Ahad BRAC University 66 mohakhali, Dhaka Bangladesh Political leaders are only responsible for political oppression in Bangladesh Have you heard the incident of Tazreen garments, Rana Plaza, seven murder in Narayangong, Sagor-Runy killing? Surely you have heard it, but question is can law enforce agency do anything to ensure the justice? The answer will be no and now the question is why does it happen? The answer will be for the political leaders but the law enforces agency cannot do anything to stop it and they have no power on the politician to lessen it. For that reason mass people of Bangladesh and the opposition leaders also face political oppression and they have no way to overcome it. That is why, I strongly believe that, political leaders are only responsible for political oppression in Bangladesh as they are control over law enforces agencies, they have extra privilege and they also influence the judiciary system. First of all I want to say that politicizing of law enforce agency is the first reason for the political oppression of Bangladesh. According to Ahmad (2013), the political, democratic and basic constitutional rights of the political parties and mass people are denied and the senior political...
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...Security of the Human Rights Defenders in Protecting Human Rights in Bangladesh Security of the Human Rights Defenders in Protecting Human Rights in Bangladesh -Justice A. K. Badrul Huq Human Rights are Charter of Rights for Mankind. Human Rights are those Rights which are inherent in the nature of Human Beings without which Human Beings cannot live in the World. Concept of Human Right is not a new one but ancient. From the earliest time, human history is a history of long struggle to protect human rights, liberty and independence. Scholars like Plato and Aristotle championed thought that People/Men were not subject who are exclusively made to bow but, also were Human Beings who needed to be taken care of. History witnesses that powerful Emperor/Rajas by dint of their power and superiority conquered another weak state/ country and Land and Independent citizens of conquered/vanquished state/ country were taken to the Land of Conquerors and their Liberty and Independence were seized, thus grossly violating their Human Rights to live in their state/ country/Land as free and Independent citizens. citizens of the conquered country were taken to the Land Conquerors as slaves. We speak of Roman Civilization. But the question is- By dint of sheer power and arms did Romans not violate Human Rights of free and Independent citizens of another weak and powerless countries. In the face of Human Right violation can Romans be characterized as Civilized? My answer is in firm Negative. British...
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...February 20, 2014 To, Mr. Mohiuddin Chowdhury Lecturer Department of Finance & Banking University of Chittagong Subject: Prospects of banana fiber in Bangladesh Sir, It is our pleasure to submit an idea about “The prospects of banana filter fiber in Bangladesh” as a part of our B.B.A. Program. We tried our best to develop and design idea. Without your sincere co-operation and proper guideline, it would not be possible for us. For this act of kindness, we are grateful to you. This paper is not free from mistake due to some limitations. We hope you will accept it with gracious consideration. Thank you for giving us such an opportunity for working on this topic. It will be our pleasure to provide you any additional information, if necessary. Thank you, Sincerely yours, (On behalf of Group) Inzamam-Ul- Hoque Group member |No |Name |Id | |1 |Umme Nurin Ahmed |11303066 | |2 |Sharmin Akter |11303046 | |3 |Anika Jahan |11303118 | |4 |Jesmin Akter ...
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...(country, region): 15 Slums areas in Dinajpur town, Bangladesh. Short project description focusing on the expected outcomes Situation Analysis: (Bangladesh Context): Bangladesh is a small country in South Asia with a total land area of 147.6 thousand square km. The populations of the cities in Bangladesh are growing at more than 8 percent per year and they will be double in size in less than 10 years (IFPRI, 2002). Rapid inflow of poor migrants, mostly poverty ridden and environmentally induced, and growing urban population are creating continual pressure on health and livelihoods in urban areas. Around 40 percent of the total population nationally and 43 percent of population in urban areas consume less than 2122 kilocalorie per capita per day which is defined as absolute poverty. On the other hand, 24.4 percent of urban poor populations live on less than 1805 kilocalorie are referred as hard-core poverty (BBS, 2011). Reproductive health: Access to health care facilities is a constitutional right of citizens of Bangladesh. According to World Bank health statistics, there were 0.4 hospital beds and 0.3 registered physicians per thousand persons in Bangladesh in 2005. In comparison to other developing countries, these statistics of health services are lower. For instance, in India there were almost 1 bed and 0.58 physicians per thousand persons in 2003. Similarly, the out of pocket payment is also very high in Bangladesh, which accounts for about 97 percent of private expenditure...
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...ONE INTRODUCTION Promote the right of every woman, man, and child to enjoy a life of health and equal opportunity. Ensure that every pregnancy is wanted, every birth is safe, every young person is free from HIV/AIDS, every girl and woman is treated with dignity and respect. Because every one counts. Thoraya Obaid, Executive Director, UNFPA 1.1 BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY Bangladesh though a small country in area, is one of the densely populated countries in the world along with136.7 (BDHS 2004) million people having 953 ( national economic review 2007) persons per square kilometer. But it is a country of variety with different landscapes and waterscapes. The south- eastern hill tracts of Bangladesh including three districts Rangamati, Khagrachari, and Bandarban are the biggest abode of different tribal communities which occupy one tenth of our land and more than one percent of total population of the country. In Bangladesh there are approximately 45 tribal communities (MOHFW 2004) like Chakma, Marma, Murang, Khumi, Hajong, Monipuri, khashia, Garo, Mog, Rakhain, and the majority of them live in these hilly districts. The tribals are the economically backward ethnic group. They are food gathers, hunters, forestland cultivators, and minor forest product collectors. They lived in isolation with near to nature hence, called son of soil. Tribes constitute separate socio-cultural groups having distinct customs, language, traditions, marriage, kinship, property inheritance system and living...
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...nanceGender and rural microfinance: Reaching and empowering women Guide for practitioners Enabling poor rural people to overcome poverty This paper was prepared by Linda Mayoux and Maria Hartl. Linda Mayoux is an international consultant on gender issues in economic development including microfinance. She is currently global consultant for Oxfam Novib’s Women’s Empowerment, Mainstreaming and Networking (WEMAN) programme. Mayoux prepared this paper in collaboration with Maria Hartl, Technical Adviser for Gender and Social Equity in IFAD’s Technical Advisory Division. Annina Lubbock, Senior Technical Adviser for Gender and Poverty Targeting, Michael Hamp, Senior Technical Adviser for Rural Finance. Ambra Gallina, Gender and Poverty Targeting Consultant, also contributed. The following people reviewed the content: Maria Pagura (Rural Finance Officer, Rural Infrastructure and Agro-Industries Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Carola Saba (Development Manager, Women’s World Banking) and Margaret Miller (Senior Microfinance Specialist, Consultative Group to Assist the Poor – CGAP). The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD concerning the legal status of any...
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...2324-8041 Published by Redfame Publishing URL: http://ijsss.redfame.com Social Norms and Impediments of Women Development in Bangladesh Abul Kalam Lecturer in Sociology, Department of Economics, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT)Mirpur-2, Dhaka, Bangladesh Correspondence: Md. KALAM, 32-44 Steinway Astoria, NY11103, United States. Received: January 11, 2014 doi:10.11114/ijsss.v2i2.365 Accepted: February 17, 2014 Available online: March 3, 2014 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v2i2.365 Abstract This study focuses upon the contemporary process of Social Norms and Impediments of Women Development in Bangladesh. The development of women in organizations, Decision making, Political participation and gender mainstreaming is currently seen as the dominant conceptual model for promoting social justice and women equality. This study intends to see the position of women, discourses and various political, economic and social factors that surrounded these events. The impediments of women in Bangladesh were being pulled in different directions as a result, the context of social norms and gender inequality that existed at global, national, community and domestic levels. Child marriage is one of the main impediments of women empowerment and implementation of the government‟s vision-2021. In Bangladesh, the patriarchal capitalism puts women in such a position within their communities that they always remain subordinate under male domination and...
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...Gender and trade: A fresh look at the evidence Summary: The relationship between trade and gender has been hotly debated. Some say that globalization has excluded or impoverished women, causing disproportionate job losses due to the influx of foreign goods into domestic markets. Others argue that increased trade leads to greater gender equality by creating new jobs and economic growth.In fact, neither side in the debate is totally right, and a nuanced view is needed. Trade integration has translated into more jobs and stronger connections to markets for many women. Indeed, as shown by the World Bank's 2012 World Development Report (WDR 2012), increases in international trade have tended to increase women's employment, not a feature that typifies many development processes. And access to these jobs can empower women in important ways. Introduction: While it is difficult to establish a precise number, surveys estimate that women constitute a large share of informal cross-border trade in southern Africa. More than 70% of cross-border traders betweenMozambiqueandsouthAfricaarewomen. A recent survey in four key border crossings in the Great Lakes region between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda found that the majority of traders are young women and experienced traders. These traders face serious risks and losses with each border crossing, including threats and sexual harassment, bribes, fines, confiscation of goods, verbal abuse and insult...
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