...know-how. These literatures are more focused on core cloud computing service model being deployed and deployment model followed by the cloud service providers. Additionally anticipated and achieved benefits, challenges and growing deployment trend are also analyzed. Methodology This literature review surveyed existing literature available on the database using systematic approach. Each literature is taken from the CEO magazine, Australian computer society and UWS library catalogue and few literatures from Google scholar. For the timely updated information we limited our literature and taken only published journal article after 2005, because cloud computing is come into mainstream practice from that year. Briefly abstract and title of the papers was studied peer-reviewed journal articles are chosen. Cloud computing model All these literature categorize entire cloud computing in three major service models. * Software as a service, SaaS model In this model, application and functional services are designed to be hosted online and delivered via typical web browser. Users don’t have to have a physical copy of the software installed on their machine, eg. Gmail docs, Gmail, Dropbox etc. * Platform as a service, PaaS model Unlike the SaaS model, this model provides the software platform to its users instead of only standalone software. Different development tools for easier development and deployment are provided online. Users have application level access to the platform...
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...CARBON SEQUESTRATION AS A TOOL FOR CITY GREENING(A case study of Atunrase, a residential estate in metropolitan Lagos. ) *Williams, Fadera. A1, Adejumo, T.A2 1. Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria. (faderawilliams@yahoo.com, +2347088772009.) 2. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Environmental sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.(tadejumo@unilag.edu.ng, +2348034431439.) ABSTRACT Urban greening as a philosophy is a recent development in the Nigerian built environment. The dearth of green infrastructure in metropolitan Lagos is a typical example. This paper explores carbon sequestration as a tool for greening the urban areas with a view to creating sinks for emitted carbon generated by households in the Lagos metropolis. This study is underpinned by the green city concept. A random survey of household interviews were conducted within Atunrase estate, Gbagada, Lagos State. Domestic activities limited to the use of kerosene, P.M.S and butane (excluding influx of carbon emissions via vehicular sources or otherwise) were recorded and based on carbon emission coefficients for carbon emitting substances, the carbon content emitted by the use of these was calculated. The vegetation required to offset these carbon emissions generated was then estimated. The total amount of carbon generated within the estate is 176,904kg and it will be offset by planting trees, groundcover and shrubs...
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...studies that examine trends and emerging topics in CS research or the impact of papers on the field. In contrast, in this article, we take a closer look at the entire CS research in the past two decades by analyzing the data on publications in the ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore, and the grants awarded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). We identify trends, bursty topics, and interesting inter-relationships between NSF awards and CS publications, finding, for example, that if an uncommonly high frequency of a specific topic is observed in publications, the funding for this topic is usually increased. We also analyze CS researchers and communities, finding that only a small fraction of authors attribute their work to the same research area for a long period of time, reflecting for instance the emphasis on novelty (use of new keywords) and typical academic research teams (with core faculty and more rapid turnover of students and postdocs). Finally, our work highlights the dynamic research landscape in CS, with its focus constantly moving to new challenges arising from new technological developments. Computer science is atypical science in that its universe evolves quickly, with a speed that is unprecedented even for engineers. Naturally, researchers follow the evolution of their artifacts by adjusting their research interests. We want to capture this vibrant co-evolution in this paper. 1 Introduction...
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...HISTORY AND THEORY STUDIES FIRST YEAR Terms 1 and 2 Course Lecturers: CHRISTOPHER PIERCE / BRETT STEELE (Term 1) Course Lecturer: PIER VITTORIO AURELI (Term 2) Course Tutor: MOLLIE CLAYPOOL Teaching Assistants: FABRIZIO BALLABIO SHUMI BOSE POL ESTEVE Course Structure The course runs for 3 hours per week on Tuesday mornings in Terms 1 and 2. There are four parallel seminar sessions. Each seminar session is divided into parts, discussion and submission development. Seminar 10.00-12.00 Mollie Claypool, Fabrizio Ballabio, Shumi Bose and Pol Esteve Lecture 12.00-13.00 Christopher Pierce, Brett Steele and Pier Vittorio Aureli Attendance Attendance is mandatory to both seminars and lectures. We expect students to attend all lectures and seminars. Attendance is tracked to both seminars and lectures and repeated absence has the potential to affect your final mark and the course tutor and undergraduate coordinator will be notified. Marking Marking framework adheres to a High Pass with Distinction, High Pass, Pass, Low Pass, Complete-toPass system. Poor attendance can affect this final mark. Course Materials Readings for each week are provided both online on the course website at aafirstyearhts.wordpress.com and on the course library bookshelf. Students are expected to read each assigned reading every week to be discussed in seminar. The password to access the course readings is “readings”. TERM 1: CANONICAL BUILDINGS, PROJECTS, TEXTS In this first term of...
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...New Hampshire University The Heart of Mathematics Professor Anca Parrish Abstract This paper discusses the historical background of tessellations, the mathematics of tessellations, and the applications of tessellations in the real world. Tessellations are found everywhere. M.C. Escher is the father of tessellations and his style and examples are discussed as well as the Islamic tessellations. There is an overview of the mathematics that is involved in tessellations and the polygons that can be tessellated and those that can’t. Finally, tessellations are used in real world applications. Examples are given of tessellated buildings and tessellations found in nature. Tessellations: Mathematical Art What is a term used for the tiling a surface without gaps or overlaps? The term is Tessellation. The Math Forum states that “ a tessellation is created when a shape is repeated over and over again covering a plane without any gaps or overlaps” (“What is a Tessellation?”, n.d) Early cultures used tessellations to cover the floors and ceilings of buildings, many of its artistic elements can be found in many early cultures (Hoopes-Myers, 2010). Tessellations are also found in the nature. A perfect example of nature’s tessellation is the honeycomb of the honeybee; there are no gaps or overlaps in its hexagonal shapes. In Ireland, a volcanic episode created tessellations in the landscape of The Giant’s Causeway (“Giant’s Causeway” n.d.). Artists like M. C Escher use tessellations...
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...Cloud computing A collection of working papers Thomas B Winans John Seely Brown Cloud Computing frequently is taken to be a term that simply renames common technologies and techniques that we have come to know in IT. It may be interpreted to mean data center hosting and then subsequently dismissed without catching the improvements to hosting called utility computing that permit near realtime, policy-based control of computing resources. Or it may be interpreted to mean only data center hosting rather than understood to be the significant shift in Internet application architecture that it is. Perhaps it is the name. Certainly it is more nebulous than mnemonic, if you’ll pardon the poor pun. We happen to think so too. We’d rather use the term service grid, frankly, but that name also has its problems. The fact is that cloud and service grid computing are paradigmatically different from their common interpretations, and their use can shed light on how internet architectures are constructed and managed. Cloud computing represents a different way to architect and remotely manage computing resources. One has only to establish an account with Microsoft or Amazon or Google to begin building and deploying application systems into a cloud. These systems can be, but certainly are not restricted to being, simplistic. They can be web applications that require only http services. They might require a relational database. They might require web service infrastructure and message queues...
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...HUMANITIES 1 (RESEARCH PAPER) HISTORY OF PAINTINGS AND ARTISTS IN THE WORLD ADRIAN M SITCHON PROF. PEREZ 4TH YEAR/BS.HRM/NS (SUBMITTED BY) TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION HISTORY BODY * EASTERN PAINTING * WESTERN PAINTING * 20th-CENTURY MODERN * AND CONTEMPORARY DEFINITION OF TERMS * FAMOUS PAINTERS * AND BIOGRAPHY * Paintings of famous painters CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION REFERENCE INTRODUCTION: Painting can be done in a variety of media. For example, Oils, Watercolour, Acrylics, Gouache and Tempera. Paints are made from a pigment, and a binder. Binder is relatively cheap, while pigment is much more expensive. Pigments are a colored powder, made from organic or inorganic materials. (This is different than a colorant, which dyes or stains a color.) All paints use the same basic pigments, but the binder changes. The binder for acrylics dries quickly and the paint is more like a plastic than oils which have an oil based binder and dry slowly. Oil Paints are often built up in layers or glazes. The other paints---Watercolour, Acrylics, Gouache, and Tempera---are water-based, meaning the paint can be diluted with water and clean-up can be done with soap and water. Oil paints, on the other hand, require paint thinner to clean brushes. The number and variety of painting techniques is endless. Besides quality of paint, factors affecting color quality include: paint opacity, glossiness of painting surface...
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...45 2014 January International Business Studies and the Imperative of Context. Exploring the ‘Black Whole’ in Institutional Theory Michael Jakobsen ©Copyright is held by the author or authors of each Discussion Paper. Copenhagen Discussion Papers cannot be republished, reprinted, or reproduced in any format without the permission of the paper's author or authors. Note: The views expressed in each paper are those of the author or authors of the paper. They do not represent the views of the Asia Research Centre or Copenhagen Business School. Editor of the Copenhagen Discussion Papers: Associate Professor Michael Jacobsen Asia Research Centre Copenhagen Business School Porcelænshaven 24 DK-2000 Frederiksberg Denmark Tel.: (+45) 3815 3396 Email: mj.int@cbs.dk www.cbs.dk/arc International Business Studies and the Imperative of Context. Exploring the ‘Black Whole’ in Institutional Theory Michael Jakobsen Associate Professor Asia Research Centre Copenhagen Business School mj.int@cbs.dk Abstract The aim of this article is to take a critical look at how to perceive informal institutions within institutional theory. Douglas North in his early works on institutional theory divided the national institutional framework into two main categories, formal and informal institution or constraints as he called them. The formal constraints consisted of political rules, judicial decisions and economic contracts, whereas informal constraints consisted of socially sanctioned norms...
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...KOLEJ PROFESIONAL MARA BERANANG REPORT WRITING FORMAT Prepared by: Roselena Mansor Deputy Director (Academic Affairs) 10 December 2009 1 This report format contains guideline on word-processed report writing for all programmes in KPM Beranang. 1.0 Language The entire report should be written in English except for courses which the medium of instruction is not in English. Language use d must be simple and direct to the related course. 2.0 Font Use Arial as font type of size 12 for all text in the report. 3.0 Title and subtitle All titles and subtitles must be numbered and bold. The subtitles should not be indented but arranged in a structured manner not more than three levels as follow: 1.0 First level (Title of the topic) level 1 1.1 Second level (Title of the subtopic) level 2 1.1.1 Third level (Title of the sub-subtopic) level 3 Sub -topics beyond level three are not allowed and should be labeled using alphabets (a, b, c, ) and Romans. Numbering using Roman style (i, ii, iii, .) is only allowed after the alphabets have been used. Example: 1.1.1 a. .. i. .. b. . 2 All numbering should be left aligned. 4.0 Line/Body Text Spacing Use JUSTIFY alignment with 1.5 spacing for the entire body text throughout the report. The text body should not be indented for each paragraph, but hit the enter key twice before stating the following new paragraph. 5.0 Captions Captions must be written at the top of any table or figure. 6.0 Margins All pages should be set with...
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...Nathan Clark Design for Instruction Task The information gathered from my contextual factors and pre-assessment inform me of what type of students I will be teaching. The contextual factors help me to have a better understanding of the type of demographic my students belong to and what type of learning styles they attain. This information will also allow me to know of any outside characteristics that may inhibit learning for an individual student and the students as a whole. For example, some students may have learning disabilities and the student’s as a whole may react negatively to artworks involving polytheism. Giving the pre-assessment allowed me to fully understand what level my students are performing for that particular unit. I have found that I need to focus a lot of time on vocabulary definitions and how to apply the terms to artwork. Prompt Results of Pre-Assessment The students in this introductory level drawing class consists of students that are required to take this class as an elective or students who have an interest in drawing and wish to pursue it. The students in this class have limited experience with the concepts and skills in drawing. The pre-assessment results allow for an analysis of where the students are in terms of general knowledge. The pre-assessment for learning goal one allowed me to have a base quality level of the students’ performance. It enables me to see what each student is capable of in terms of skill and...
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...CHAPTER 5 AN INTEGRATED SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CROP IMPROVEMENT G.L. HAMMER# AND D.R. JORDAN## # Agricultural Production Systems Research Unit (APSRU), School of Land and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. ## Hermitage Research Station, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Warwick, QLD 4370, Australia. E-mail: g.hammer@uq.edu.au Abstract. Progress in crop improvement is limited by the ability to identify favourable combinations of genotypes (G) and management practices (M) given the resources available to search among possible combinations in the target population of environments (E). Crop improvement can be viewed as a search strategy on a complex G×M×E adaptation or fitness landscape. Here we consider design of an integrated systems approach to crop improvement that incorporates advanced technologies in molecular markers, statistics, bio-informatics, and crop physiology and modelling. We suggest that such an approach can enhance the efficiency of crop improvement relative to conventional phenotypic selection by changing the focus from the paradigm of identifying superior varieties to a focus on identifying superior combinations of genetic regions and management systems. A comprehensive information system to support decisions on identifying target combinations is the critical core of the approach. We discuss the role of ecophysiology and modelling in this integrated systems approach by reviewing (i) applications in environmental...
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...(6LoWPAN) has accelerated the integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and smart objects with the Internet. At the same time, the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) has made it possible to provide resource constrained devices with RESTful web service functionalities and consequently to integrate WSNs and smart objects with the Web. The use of Web services on top of IP based WSNs facilitates the software reusability and reduces the complexity of the application development. This work focuses on RESTful WSNs. It describes CoAP, highlights the main differences with HTTP and reports the results of a simple experiment showing the benefits of CoAP in terms of power consumption compared to HTTP. The paper also describes the design and development of an end-to-end IP based architecture integrating a CoAP over 6LowPAN Contiki based WSN with an HTTP over IP based application. The application allows a user to access WSN data directly from a Web browser. The main system’s building blocks and functionalities are described. (6LoWPAN) [8]. This new standard enables the use of IPv6 in Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs), such as those based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard [10]. In addition to 6LowPAN, IETF Routing over Low-power and Lossy networks (ROLL) Working Group has designed and specified a new IP routing protocol for smart object internetworking. The protocol is called IPv6 Routing...
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...understanding than had ever been seen before. Towards the middle of the 14th Century a new way of thinking was beginning to emerge and take a hold on society, A way which let people express themselves with a clarity unseen Since the fall of the Roman Empire and the dark days of the Middle Ages, a great time of reform and education was on the brink of exploding onto the scene. This was the beginning of what we now know as the Renaissance the ‘Rebirth’ and the new way of thinking would later be referred to as Humanism. The Renaissance was one of the great intellectual ages of European culture at its height during the 15th and 16th century there were many amazing new developments amongst many areas including painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, education medicine science including many more of mans intellectual and educated pursuits, the main center of this revolution was classical Italy although later spreading throughout Europe to infiltrate all facets of European culture The Renaissance saw creation of different attitudes towards life and different ways of thinking. After spending hundreds of years in the depths of the Middle ages a time when human progress and achievement slowed to a trickle, Western Civilization blurred and there was a great period of cultural decline, society wanted some sort of freedom from the grips of an extremely religious European way of life and so began the drift away from these catholic driven ideals and into the new age, The age...
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...Design + Culture: New Directions for Interior Design Scholarship and Pedagogy Date: March 15-16, 2015 Fort Worth, Texas Guest Editor: Tasoulla Hadjiyanni Associate Professor, Interior Design University of Minnesota Title: Design as a malleable structure: Reframing the conceptual understanding of design and culture through George Kubler’s morphological approach to the history of things Author: Joori Suh, Assistant Professor, Interior Design Department, Iowa State University Under the banner of globalization and internationalization, what actually happens in design? Has today’s blended culture lost the identity unique to the context? What should be the interior design educator’s attitude toward teaching design and culture in the current age? We encounter dilemmas in global design, the results of which are sometimes almost identical regardless of unique settings because of our tendency to grasp design as a whole with respect to particular style or trend without fully apprehending the core and the deviation. Perceiving the entire design project as a mere symbolic expression also hinders our true understanding of design and culture. In this article, I attempt to answer fundamental questions regarding the complex, innate relationship between design and culture and suggest restructuring a conceptual framework applicable to related research and education that effectively reveals the multi faceted characteristics of design and culture in the present age. From the perspective of morphology...
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...Caroline Barnes and Simon Jackson This paper offers a critical reading of Robin Boyd’s narrative of the Australian nation created for Australia’s pavilion at Expo’70. The critique offered is from an environmental perspective, using this example to lead into a broader reflection on Australian design history’s ‘modernity problem’. We argue that although the examination of Australia as a socio-cultural context for the practice of design continues to engage scholars, the will to profess the existence of progressive Australian design has precluded significant examination of design’s regressive effects. The current environmental crisis is, as Arturo Escobar argues, ‘a crisis of modernity, to the extent that modernity has failed to enable sustainable worlds.’[1] Design is implicated here for its contribution to environmental degradation, as is design history for accounts that validate designers’ development of concepts, processes and products that impose the unsustainable on societies. The latter is pronounced in Australian design history. When modernity and its cultural manifestations are understood as European inventions, admitting limited scope for cultural exchange, claiming historical significance for Australian design inevitably involves the uncritical application of imported principles.[2] The halting attempts to write Australian design history are mostly bound up in proselytizing for the values and benefits of the modern and eulogising designers’ efforts to force change in the...
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