...specific piece generating a model in CAD, (Computer Aided Design), with 3D data as fast as possible. Nowadays is used as one manufacturing process more. An example is found in the dental sector, in which it is used to manufacture the metallic structures that will be coated by ceramic creating dental crowns and bridges. The most used technique is the 3D printing or additive layer manufacturing. The first methods of rapid prototyping manufacturing were available in 80’s. Nowadays, is expanded, and as I mentioned, is not only to make prototypes, it is use to produce small series...
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...Summary: Half Duplex Data Communication between Two computers using LASER is a senior project design for EE 411 course. After going through a hard time I represent this project which involves C/C++ programming in addition with two electronic circuits to send data between two computers using the parallel port. At the beginning of this report, I will present background about the project in chapter one. Then, in chapter two I will give brief information about each component that I used. Moreover, in Chapter three will be about the circuit Construction. After that, I will present information about C programming and the Codes that I used in chapter four. The next chapter will be about implementation and testing the circuit to show the results. The last chapter is conclusion. Acknowledgments: First of all, I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Mohammad Ousman for his guidance in the project and helping me to understand the importance procedure of the project. He was great working with me on the project to get useful information as possible. His suggestions and ideas were very helpful to me to complete my project. Furthermore, I would to thank the lab engineer Mr. Azeddine Hamroouni for his support and guidance in this project. Finally, I would like to thank the University of Hail especially electrical engineering department. The electrical department is helped me in my life and build a good knowledge for me. . ...
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...Next Century Challenges: Mobile Networking for “Smart Dust” J. M. Kahn, R. H. Katz (ACM Fellow), K. S. J. Pister Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley {jmk, randy, pister}@eecs.berkeley.edu Abstract Large-scale networks of wireless sensors are becoming an active topic of research. Advances in hardware technology and engineering design have led to dramatic reductions in size, power consumption and cost for digital circuitry, wireless communications and Micro ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS). This has enabled very compact, autonomous and mobile nodes, each containing one or more sensors, computation and communication capabilities, and a power supply. The missing ingredient is the networking and applications layers needed to harness this revolutionary capability into a complete system. We review the key elements of the emergent technology of “Smart Dust” and outline the research challenges they present to the mobile networking and systems community, which must provide coherent connectivity to large numbers of mobile network nodes co-located within a small volume. “Smart Dust.” It is certainly within the realm of possibility that future prototypes of Smart Dust could be small enough to remain suspended in air, buoyed by air currents, sensing and communicating for hours or days on end. At least one popular science fiction book has articulated just such a vision [12]. In this paper, we are concerned with the networking and...
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...BODY WELDING - CAN IT BE FLEXIBLE? BODY WELDING - CAN IT BE FLEXIBLE? Some 250~300 pressed panels from in-house and vendor facilities are brought to different subassembly stations of Body Weld Shop. Subassemblies of pressed components are carried out mainly by resistance welding and other joining methods in a planned sequence at number of stations. Some subassemblies are done in off-line manufacturing cells and fed in at appropriate locations into the main assembly line. Fig. 6.1 shows a layout of a typical Body Weld Shop. Front end, rear floor, and front floor, are transported to underbody body line, where all these are welded together in sequence to form the floor structure. Underbody is then transferred to main body welding station. Right hand and left hand body side panels are brought from two sides to main body weld station, after completion of all subassembly operations in separate lines. Preframing of body structure is carried out on special fixture. At same or next station, roof is added to form the body shell, Fig. 6.2. Thereafter, rear doors, front fenders, hood and decklid/ tailgate fitments are carried out to complete the body-inWhite. If necessary, a metal finish line may be added for minor repair of Body-in-White before it moves for painting. Fig. 6.3 illustrates the sequences of subassemblies and the main body weld. Typically, Body weld shop activities cover fixturing, welding, and transportation between the work stations, and the related support services....
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...investment in new equipment being placed into out years, more systems need to be maintained in their present condition for longer periods of time. There are often gaps in the technical support information needed to maintain a system built from older designs using outmoded or updated techniques or materials. In some situations, designers give a shape to their ideas by using clay, plaster, wood, or foam rubber, but a CAD model is needed to enable the manufacturing of the part. As products become more organic in shape, designing in CAD may be challenging or impossible. There is no guarantee that the CAD model will be acceptably close to the sculpted model. Reverse engineering provides a solution to this problem because the physical model is the source of information for the CAD model. This is also referred to as the part-to-CAD process. "Reverse Engineering is the process of taking a finished product and reconstructing design data in a format from which new parts or molds can be produced."-The Society of Manufacturing Engineers Key Words: Reverse Engineering, CAD, Modeling and manufacturing. INTRODUCTION Definition "Reverse Engineering is the process of taking a finished product and reconstructing design data in a format from which new parts or molds can be produced."- The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Manufacturing Reality Engineering is the profession involved in designing, manufacturing, constructing, and maintaining of products...
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...HISTORY OF JAPANESE SOLAR ENERGY A. The Beginning i. The Boom of Solar Power One of the most significant and perceptible booms in the country of Japan recently is one that will probably broaden and remain an enduring fixture, unlike other technological booms that are going on in Japan. Utilizing solar energy from the sun’s rays to heat water has long been frequent in Japan for some time. Nevertheless, in the last decade a collection of photovoltaic cell panels have began to appear mostly everywhere, via the rooftops of homes, businesses, airport terminals, large factories and schools. The most interesting thing about this obvious growth though has been the large number of new homes having solar energy being incorporated into their designs. It’s amazing to see houses being retrofitted with solar panels on their rooftops across Japan. A decade ago, Japan took the lead as the nation producing the majority power from solar energy, a lead which has expanded during the years with production passing 1.13 million kilowatts during the year of 2005. Similar to the case during the 1960s, it’s the exports that are obtaining the headlines, although it’s domestic demand that is actually countersigning the “Solar Boom”. The number one market leader in solar energy in Japan is Sharp Corporation, this industry have reinvested deeply into their production capacity, other manufactures of solar energy are mobilizing into the business as high demand continues to rise exponentially in the...
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...provides cross-sectional views of the subsurface microstructure of biological tissue. Following a discussion of the basic theory of OCT, an overview of the issues involved in the design of the main components of OCT systems is presented. The review concludes by introducing new imaging modes being developed to extract additional diagnostic information. Index Terms— Imaging, interferometry, optical coherence tomography, speckle. I. INTRODUCTION HE APPLICATION of optical technology in medicine and biology has a long and distinguished history. Since the 18th century, the microscope has been an indispensable tool of biologists. With the invention of the laser in the early 1960’s, physicians gained a new surgical instrument. The development of fiber optics led to the manufacture of endoscopes that permit direct viewing of internal organs deep in the body. In the modern clinical laboratory, new optical technologies facilitate the chemical analysis of tissue samples and the counting and sizing of blood cells. In spite of these and other advances, few of the optical instruments used in medicine today take advantage of the coherent properties of light. Even most instruments that employ lasers, the ultimate generators of coherent light, can be classified as incoherent optical systems because the focused laser beam serves mainly as a source of illumination or concentrated heat. Perhaps one of the reasons why optical coherence tomography (OCT) has attracted the attention of engineers and scientists...
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...Egyptians. The styles and processes have changed drastically since then. This passage concludes information on how the styles changed over time and how people look upon the groups of people with them. The idea on tattoos have been changed from 12000BC to this present day, some people believe they heal you and some believe it’s to indicate criminals and people who committed crimes and felonies (A Brief History of Tattoos). The history of tattoos has dated back to 12000BC and longer but no physical evidence can prove this theory. There is however physical prove of tattooing in the ancient Egyptians times. Mummies have been found with preserved patterns on their skin during their mummification process long ago. Around 1000BC the Chinese...
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...Group 2.6 Efficient integration between an integrated optics Raman spectrometer and a CMOS based photo detector Group 2.6 Dirk Reith, Ewoud van Lent, Zeno Geuke, Martijn Blom, Gijsbert van den Engh Coach: Fehmi Civitci Hugo Hoekstra Senior Coach: Gert-Jan Koster OTNW-Oktober-2011 Table of Contents Part 1: The research page 3 Introduction page 4 Chapter 1: Raman Spectroscopy page 5 Chapter 2: Integrated Raman Spectroscopy page 9 Chapter 3: The Experiment page 12 References page 19 Part 2: The research group page 20 Introduction page 21 Chapter 1: IOMS in general page 22 Chapter 2: The Chairman interview page 23 Chapter 3: The Master Student interview page 25 Chapter 4: The Postdoctoral researcher interview page 26 Chapter 5: The Ph. D student interview page 27 Part 3: Strategies to acquire information (Dutch language) page 28 Task 1 page 29 Task 2 page 42 Part 1: The research Introduction For the subject OTNW we got to choose a research group to follow in their research. There was a large amount of groups. We chose to follow group 2.6: “The efficient integration between a integrated optics Raman spectrometer and a cmos-based photo detector. This project seemed very interesting and we got appointed a coach. One of the researchers explained us everything about the project including the theory and the devices that are used. He also showed us the setup of one of the...
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...angle of incidence must equal the angle of reflection) resulting the change in direction of the light rays by 90 degrees. This will result in a change in direction of the sunlight, and into the parking lot. It is important that the sunlight is shot at 45 degrees, as glass prisms usually have a critical angle of 41.1 degrees (any light rays shot over 41.4 degrees will total internally reflect instead of refracting in prisms). The visible light from the Sun’s radiation includes white light which will disperse into its constituent colours of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet when it refracts in the prism due to their different velocities, resulting these seven colours to total internally reflect to illuminate the parking lot. This idea will ultimately allow the light to naturally illuminate the parking lot whenever the sunlight reaches the triangular prism. Furthermore, I can illuminate a parking lot by using bioluminescence. Bioluminescence is the production of light in living organisms as the result of a chemical reaction with little or no heat produced. By placing/releasing illuminative fungi, fish, and other organisms such as fireflies, glow-worms, and anglerfish in the parking lot, I can illuminate the space. Organisms can produce light by chemical reactions involving luciferin, and luciferase or photo-protein. Organisms absorb these chemicals from food or in a symbiotic relationship (bacteria with luciferin that lives in an organism). As a result of the chemical...
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...analysis for each has been done. The study of graphs and coefficient of determination of process with different materials shows how accurate the process is and it also helps ultimately to conclude the linear relationship between curing depth and exposure time. In any stereolithography case these curing depth and exposure time are chief governing parameters along with critical exposure and penetration depth. 1. Introduction Stereolithography (also known as SL or SLA) builds parts layer-by-layer using a UV laser to solidify liquid photopolymer resins. It is commonly used to produce concept models, master patterns, large prototypes and investment casting patterns. [01] This process is based on spatially controlled solidification of a liquid resin by photo-polymerization. Stereolithography Apparatus which is also known as SLA is chiefly comprised of Ultraviolet laser device, tank full of photosensitive liquid resin and the computer which controls the motion of laser device. Steps to manufacture object by stereolithography: - 1. A 3-D model of an object is designed in a CAD software and saved as a STL file. 2. The CAD software chops and slices the CAD model into series of thin parallel horizontal layers. 3. The sliced information is fed into processing unit of...
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...OPTIMIZATION OF TWO DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC CRYSTAL BAND GAP USING INDIUM PHOSPHIDE(InP) A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Staffordshire University for the degree of Master of Science in Electronics Engineering Faculty of Computing, Engineering & Technology DECEMBER 2010 ABSTRACT Photonic crystals exhibit periodic structure and these are of many types such as one, two and three dimensional photonic crystals. Photonic crystal is a low loss periodic dielectric medium. In order to cover all periodic directions the gap must be extend to certain length which is equivalent to semiconductor band gap. The complete photonic band gap occurs in the three dimensional photonic crystals. The propagation of light which is confined to a particular direction can be analysed through Maxwell’s approach. The electromagnetic wave which contains both ‘E’ and ‘H’ fields can be calculated through these equations. These field vectors are more useful in calculating band structure of photonic crystal. This report deals with the calculation of band structure in two-dimensional photonic crystal. There are many methods for calculating band structure and this thesis is mainly focused on the plane wave expansion method. This report contains the simulation procedure for calculating band structure for both TE and TM modes in the presence of dielectric medium using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio. Results which are obtained during the simulation provide...
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...data * Process: Manipulates, calculates, or organizes data into information * Output: Displays data and information for user * Storage: Saves data and information for later use * Data: representation of a fact, figure, or idea * Information: data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion Bits and Bytes: the language of computers * The language of computers * Bit * Binary digit * 0 or 1 * Byte * 8 bits * Each letter, number, or character is a unique combination of 8 bits of 0s and 1s * Computer uses combination of hardware and software to process data into information * Hardware is any part of the computer you can physically touch * Software is set of computer programs * Application- software that runs on top of another * Is all the computer software that causes a computer to perform useful tasks (compare with computer viruses) beyond the running of the computer itself. * System software- is computer software designed to operate and control the computer hardware and to provide a platform for running application software. * Types of Computers * Two basic designs of computers * Portable * Laptop computers * Netbooks * Tablet PCs * Tablet computer * Ultrabooks * Stationary * Desktop computers * Separate case...
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...SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT, MANIPAL IT SKILLS FOR MANAGERS REPORT ON 3D PRINTING Presented by: Group 6 (Section B): Gautham Shetty (141202095) Kruthika S.L. (141202096) Rikith Soans (141202097) Sughosh R. Iyengar (141202098) Brajesh Kumar Pandey (141202099) INDEX Content Page No. 1. Introduction 3 2. History 4 3. The Evolution of 3D Printing 5 4. How the 3D Printing Works 6 5. General Principles of 3D Printing 7 6. Methods & Techniques 8 Selective Laser Sintering 8 Stereolithography 9 Fused Deposition Modelling 10 Laminated Object Manufacturing 11 7. Applications 12 8. Industrial & Personal Printing 13 9. The Cost of 3D Printers 14 10. Future 15 11. Effects of 3D Printing 16 12. Challenges 17 13. Conclusion 18 14. References 19 INTRODUCTION 3D printing is one of the emerging trends in the IT sector which has gained importance. Now a days, in the 21st century we can see that IT sectors plays a major role in development of all sectors. It has become the integral part of our life. IT has acted as a change agent in the present day scenario which has and will keep on bringing big changes in everyday life and 3D printers are one among the changes brought down from the IT sector...
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...ABOUT US Our Mission | | | Our mission is to become the biggest and best company in professional surveying field and create the good name in the world. | | | | | | Profile | | | SOUTH INDIA BRANCH SOUTH is a leading company of surveying instrument in India. SOUTH Group is a famous company who is involved in R&D, production, trading and service in surveying field all over the world for more than 20 years. South Precision Instrument Pvt. Ltd is in charge of Indian market for the sales and service of SOUTH products. SOUTH pays more attention for Indian market. We have branch office in Delhi, Mumbai and Hyderabad. We established the local service center all over India. We like to supply the best quality of surveying products with the satisfied service. We are planning to establish the factory in India and produce the surveying instrument in India. It is our duty to support and push the development of digital surveying and mapping work in India. At South Precision Instrument Pvt. Ltd. our most valued asset is our employees. They are resourceful and innovative in response to the many challenging. SOUTH like to offer the good opportunity and stage for every employee to make the perfect career. SOUTH SOUTH , is the biggest company in surveying field in China. SOUTH have 5 big factories to produce GPS, Software, Echo Sounder, Total station, Electronic Theodolite, Auto Level, Prism and Accessories. SOUTH have more than 150 nos branch...
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