...Lateral ankle sprains account for a vast majority of ankle injuries and said injury causes damage not only to the ligaments, but also the muscles, nerves, and mechanoreceptors that go across the lateral ankle. Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is generally the result of repetitive lateral ankle sprains and patients suffering from this condition often have deficits in functional proprioception, strength, and performance. One of the most essential parts of a rehab protocol for the ankle is strength training and this is mainly due to the fact that muscle weakness is associated with CAI. Since strength training is primarily used in participants with ankle instability to improve physical conditioning it is safe to assume that said training will work...
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...quadriceps muscle, and then goes on to attach to the anterior surface of the tibia (Physio Advisor, n.d.). This relationship forms a joint designed to give the quadriceps muscle leverage when extending the knee (Sports Injury Clinic, n.d.). Each of the bones involved is lined with cartilage to allow cushioning between the bones. The patella also has connective tissue known as the patella retinaculum which attaches it on either side of the femur. This joint is known as the patellofemoral joint (Physio Advisor, n.d.). The patella normally lies in the patellofemoral grove and is only designed to move vertically within it, so dislocation occurs when the patella moves or is moved onto the outside of the patellofemoral groove and onto the lateral femoral condyle (Sports Injury Clinic, n.d.).The patella is usually dislocated laterally however vertical, superior and intercondylar dislocations may also occur (Davenport & Roch, 2013). During dislocation, tearing of the patellar...
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...Introduction The patient, a 20-year-old female ballet dancer, presented with pain in the lateral ankle, particularly in the anterior lateral malleolus and on the calcaneus, and swelling. Patient was examined immediately after the injury occurred. Upon examination, there were positive tests for both the talar tilt test and the anterior drawer test; greater than 10˚ and 8mm respectively compared to the uninjured ankle. Weight bearing on the injured limb was not possible for more than two steps; the patient experience great pain and described the sensation of her ankle “buckling.” A history was taken; the patient described rolling her ankle after landing on a colleague’s foot, and stated that she has had a lateral ankle sprain (Grade I) in the past. Patient was referred for radiographic (x-ray) imaging to rule out fractures and other ankle injuries. Patient was finally diagnosed with a Grade III ATF & CF ankle sprain. After radiographic and arthroscopic imaging was completed, it was determined that the rupture had occurred at the attachment point on the fibula for both ligaments9; an avulsion fracture was not found. Initial treatment performed on the patient consisted of the R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation) method. Patient was wrapped with the foot in as much of a dorsiflexed position as could be tolerated, with u-shaped foam orthotics around both malleoli to help with compression and stability. Patient was informed of her options regarding surgical...
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...Common Badminton Injury Badminton Injury does occur to a player when they are not properly warmed up or their techniques are not correct. It also happens when fatigue kicks in after playing or training for too long. Also there are times when you don't really know what hit you. | So I think it is good that you understand the few common badminton injuries in case you are unlucky and injured yourself. However, you should always seek professional medical advice if that happens. Acute Badminton Injuries Ankle Sprain This is a common badminton injury, usually accidental. It may occur when the athlete steps on his partner's foot and land with a plantar flexed, inverted and supinated foot. Most sprains occur on the lateral ligament complex, a group of ligaments on the outside of the ankle. It will result in a painful swelling in the outer aspect of the ankle, usually causing a partial or total rupture of one or more ligaments. Apply RICE (Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate) to reduce swelling. It may also result in other complications eg. fracture, tendon injuries and loss of proprioceptive control. It may take days to a few months to heal with adequate rehabilitation. Meniscus Tear Normally caused by a sudden twisting movement of the knee during footwork resulting in the tear of the meniscus. There will be pain in the joint-line of the knee, mild swelling and unable to flex or extend the leg in full. It may be having accompanying collateral or cruciate ligament injury...
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...fifty two percent, followed by the back at twenty two percent, and the neck at twelve percent. The least frequent injuries occurred in the upper extremities with the shoulder consisting of only six percent of the dancers. Of the lower extremities the knee (29%), ankle (25%), foot (20%), and the hip (12%) were the more frequent sites of injury (Evans, Evans, Carvajal, Perry). In order to prevent these types of injuries from occurring it’s imperative that dancers follow the proper precautions such as stretching, proper warm-up techniques and general care for their bodies. After acquiring an injury you must follow proper treatments in order to recover effectively. Your spine is made up of three sections; the top portion or the cervical, the middle portion or the thoracic, and the lower portion or the lumbar (Anderson, Parr, and Hall). When it comes to back injuries, dancers tend to get injured in their thoracic or lumbar regions. The most common injury is frozen back. Frozen back is when the muscles in the back spasm. This is caused by fatigue, hyper mobility, inequalities in the dancer’s leg length, and scoliosis or curvature in the spine. Another common back injury is sprains and strains in the ligaments in the spine. Sprains and strains are injuries in the muscle-tendon units of the body. (Anderson, Parr, Hall) The best way to treat a back injury is R.I.C.E. R.I.C.E stands for rest, ice,...
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...Diagnosis Despite the high incidence of ankle sprains in athletes, syndesmotic injuries are rarely diagnosed. It is stressed through multiple reviews that the correct use of HIP/HOPS is initiated in order to prevent long term effects from the original injury. Diagnosis of the injury can be made easier by the associated pain on the medial aspect of the ankle, ballottable fibula, proximal fibular tenderness, swelling and crepitus that may be seen during inspection (7). If the patient is experiencing pain between the tibia and fibula, the distance, tenderness length, needs to be determined because it has been reported to be correlate with the degree of injury and time to return to play (2). There are many clinical tests that can be utilized for diagnosis of distal tibiofibular syndesmotic disruption, but research supports the use of four special tests. The Cotton Test, involves side-to-side movement of the talus on the involved leg compared with the contralateral side. In the External Rotation Test, there is...
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...GAUTAM SEHGAL, M.D. Medical Director 228 South Orange Avenue Gautam Sehgal, M.D. South Orange, NJ 07079 Specialized in Neurology, Physiatry Phone: (973) 253-0505 Member of American Academy of Neurology Fax:(973) 253-2255 Hospital Privileges: E.O. General (E Orange), St. Michael (Newark), St. James (Newark), Columbus Hospital (Newark) NEUROLOGICAL CONSULTATION Patient: Francois Compere Referred by: Dr. Baptiste D.O.S.: 04/21/2011 D.O.A.: 11/09/2010 AGE: 43-year-old. Sex: Male Dear Dr. Baptiste: Thank you for letting me to participate in the evaluation, management and treatment of your patient, Francois Compere. As you are aware, he is a 43-year-old male, who was involved in an automobile accident. According to the patient, he was the driver of the vehicle with his seatbelt on. The car was struck on the back right side. There is history of head trauma and no loss of consciousness. The patient was shaken up and dazed. The patient was taken to UMDNJ, treated, examined and released. For detail, please refer to the police report. Since the accident, the patient has been under your care, but remains symptomatic in spite of conservative therapy for close to six months, and is referred to me for further evaluation. PRESENT COMPLAINTS: On the day of examination, i.e. today, 04/21/2011, he complains of neck pain with stiffness. Neck pain is dull-to-sharp radiating into the both upper extremities, left more than right with the numbness, tingling and...
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...in this article it is about ballet dancers being injured while partaking in this sport. This article is “Injury in Ballet: A Review of Relevant Topics for the Physical Therapist” which is about how ballet dancers have injuries while in this sport but don’t know it till years down the road. One statement that stood out to me was, “Knee injuries account for 14-20% of all ballet injuries” (Milan 2). Out of all the possible things that could be injured the knee is the most likely of them all to be injured. The next one that would be behind knee is the ankle that would be the acute inversion ankle sprains (4). This is the most typical injury that ballet dancer suffer and not let anyone know about it because you can do a simple tape job and it would fix everything. These athletes are visiting the Physical Therapy so regularly that these physical therapist can already predict what the injury is going to be when they just looking at the ankle. The best things about seeing the physical therapist when you have an injury is that if you see them you can do the right things so you won’t injure it again. The most important thing about coming back from injury is that your coach understands the injury and will comply with...
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...which travels through the area of the popliteal fossa. (DR Alice Roberts 2010) The personal nerve travels past the knee and wraps around the neck of the fibula. It splits in to the deep and superficial peroneal nerves. The deep peroneal nerves supplies the extensor muscle of the shin, it then opens out to provide sensation to the skin at the back of the foot. The superficial peroneal nerve stays on the side of the leg and supplies the peroneal muscle. (Tortora, Derrickson 2011) Twists and sprains are common knee injuries caused by excessive force stretching the knee joint and ligaments. The knee swells swelling may occur immediately or hours after an injury. The initial swelling is due to an escape of blood from damaged blood vessels and also ruptures of the ligament. Delayed swelling is due to excessive production of synovial fluid. (DR Maxine Long 1999) (Tortora, Derrickson 2011) State damage to ligaments can cause severe pain and disability. The posterior cruciate ligaments and the lateral ligaments the medial...
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...Name: _______________________________________ Date: __________________ 1. What does meditation stimulate? a. pituitary gland b. parasympathetic c. sympathetic d. adrenals 2. Which BEST defines what occurs in the fight or flight response? a. increase in intestinal movement b. increase in heart rate and blood pressure c. decrease in muscle tension d. decrease in endorphins released 3. Exercise during which the patient does not assist the therapist is called? a. coordination b. resistive c. passive d. active 4. Migraine and cluster headaches are? a. tension headaches b. vascular headaches c. traumatic d. psychogenic 5. What do you do if you are working on a client and he/she complains of pain where you are working? a. say “no pain, no gain” b. back off and continue communicating to be sure they are comfortable now c. stop the massage d. only work areas that don’t cause pain 6. if you are using a technique which requires firm pressure and it’s causing pain, You should? a. have the client qualify the pain and then modify your pressure b. explain to the client why pain is necessary c. continue with the same pressure d. terminate the session 7. What is the best position for massaging a pregnant woman? a. prone b. supine c. on her side d. postural drainage position 8. Which BEST describes the location of the Yin channels? a. anterior b. posterior c. proximal d. distal 9. Where is the center of gravity...
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...Name | : | Marwa binti Abd Malek. | | | | Title of article | : | The Lumbar Spine and Low Back Pain in Golf: A Literature Review of Swing Biomechanics and Injury Prevention. | | | | Author and Brief Background | : | 1) George S. Gluck, MD. * Works as an Orthopaedic Surgeon at Hand Center of Nevada, Comprehensive Upper Extremity Care from Hand to Shoulder * Member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2) John A. Bendo, MD. * Works as a Clinical Associate Professor and Vice Chair Clinical Affairs at Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (Ortho-Spine Surgery Div) and Hospital for Joint Diseases. 3) Jeffrey M. Spivak, MD. * Works as an Assistant Professor at Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (Ortho-Spine Surgery Div) and Hospital for Joint Diseases NYU Orthopaedic Surgery Associates. | | | | Journal Title and Vol. Number | : | The Spine Journal 8 (2008) 778–788. | | | | Date of submission | : | 3rd January 2013 | MY REVIEW Introduction The article informs readers that golf swing causes great impact to lumbar spine and it lead to low back pain (LBP) among golfers. It also educate readers the details of the study on less injury swing technique, causes of LBP among golfers, the treatment and prevention techniques. It stated that the prolapsed intervertebral disc (PID), muscle strain and facet joint capsule trauma will occur when the spine is given loads of 5,448N in flexion extension movement together with rotational movement...
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...Skeletal.eap3am 8/20/02 1:20 PM Page 50 50 The Body Systems: Clinical and Applied Topics The Skeletal System 6 The skeletal framework of the body is composed of at least 206 bones and the associated tendons, ligaments, and cartilages. The skeletal system has a variety of important functions, including the support of soft tissues, blood cell production, mineral and lipid storage, and, through its relationships with the muscular system, the support and movement of the body as a whole. Skeletal system disorders can thus affect many other systems. The skeletal system is in turn influenced by the activities of other systems. For example, weakness or paralysis of skeletal muscles will lead to a weakening of the associated bones. Although the bones you study in the lab may seem rigid and permanent structures, the living skeleton is dynamic and undergoing continual remodeling. The remodeling process involves bone deposition by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. As indicated in Figure A-16, the net result of the remodeling varies depending on: 2. The applied physical stresses: Heavily stressed bones become thicker and stronger, and lightly stressed bones become thinner and weaker. Skeletal weakness can therefore result from muscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis (p. 66) or the muscular dystrophies (p. 65), and conditions that affect CNS motor neurons, such as spinal cord injuries (p. 75), demyelination disorders (p. 72), or multiple sclerosis (pp. 72, 82). 3....
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...“One Week of Unilateral Ankle Immobilisation Alters Plantarflexor Strength, Balance and Walking Speed: A Pilot Study in Asymptomatic Volunteers” by Caplan N et al. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation © 2014 Human Kinetics, Inc. Note: This article will be published in a forthcoming issue of the Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. The article appears here in its accepted, peer-reviewed form, as it was provided by the submitting author. It has not been copyedited, proofed, or formatted by the publisher. Section: Original Research Report Article Title: One Week of Unilateral Ankle Immobilisation Alters Plantarflexor Strength, Balance and Walking Speed: A Pilot Study in Asymptomatic Volunteers Authors: 1Nick Caplan, 1Andrew Forbes, 2Sarkhell Radha, 1Su Stewart, 1Alistair Ewen, 1 Alan St Clair Gibson, and 1,3Deiary Kader Affiliations: 1Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. 2Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London. 3Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK. Journal: Journal of Sport Rehabilitation Acceptance Date: October 7, 2014 ©2014 Human Kinetics, Inc. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2013-0137 “One Week of Unilateral Ankle Immobilisation Alters Plantarflexor Strength, Balance and Walking Speed: A Pilot Study in Asymptomatic Volunteers” by Caplan N et al. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation © 2014 Human Kinetics, Inc. One week of unilateral ankle immobilisation alters plantarflexor strength, balance and walking speed: a pilot...
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...Violence on the Sidelines in Youth Sports Violence on the Sidelines in Youth Sports Everyone agrees that parent involvement is a good thing. But when the parent behaves inappropriately it creates a poor environment for the children to learn and enjoy themselves. "Sideline rage" with parents behaving badly at youth sports events is such an epidemic, that 76% of respondents from 60 high school athletic associations said increased spectator interference is causing many officials to quit (Associated Press, 6/3/01). Parents are supposed to be role models, and the lessons they teach will determine their values and actions in the future. These days violence in children's sports is not limited to the playing field; overbearing parents are creating dangerous situations on the field. Involving your child in sports is important part of growing up. There are several benefits to children playing sports. The child will learn how to make friends outside of school, church, and family. It will help develop self-esteem and physical skills. They discover what it means to be a member of a team and how to win and lose with self-respect. Children also need to be active every day; exercise promotes growth and improves physical and emotional health. The Office of the Surgeon General states that active children are at less risk to high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease as well as many cancers (Office of the Surgeon General, January 11, 2007). Growing up, my brothers participated...
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...[pic] ICAK-USA Research The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers of the International College of Applied Kinesiology for the year 2005-2006 -- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C. Functional Systems Approach to Central Nervous System Evaluation Richard Belli, D.C., D.A.C.N.B. ABSTRACT Objective: This study investigates the clinical utility of testing functional systems within the central nervous system, compared to testing individual motor nerves with manual muscle testing. Design: Private practice. Study Subjects: Patients were examined by the treating chiropractor from his existing patient pool. Methods: Chiropractic management was decided on by the treating chiropractor. A series of twelve tests were designed to discover disorders of functional systems within the CNS. The tests described were to evaluate the function of 12 systems: 1) spinal cord, 2) myelencephalon/reticular formation, 3) vagal system, 4) trigeminal motor system-muscles of mastication, 5) vestibulospinal system, and bulbo reticular area, 6) reticular formation, 7) diencephalons and gait locomotion system, 8) mesencephalon, 9) cardiac sympathetic autonomic system, 10) pyramidal system, 11) limbic system, 12) sensory system. Results: This chiropractic approach tests the nervous system after provocation of functional systems...
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