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Lateral Medullary Syndrome Case Study

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Picture going about a normal day when suddenly you become dizzy and nauseated. You start to vomit. You try to get to the bathroom but the world feels like it’s tilted and it’s hard to walk. You keep falling to the right as you try to make your way through the house. As you pass by a mirror, you see that your right eyelid is drooping. When trying to drink some water, you struggle with swallowing and your right hand feels numb. These are some of the many symptoms caused by lateral medullary syndrome which is a stroke in the brainstem. Although there are many other types of strokes that are even more debilitating, this particular kind can be hard to diagnose due to the wide range of symptoms that overlap with other illnesses and issues. Lateral medullary syndrome involves an infarct of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery affecting the lateral region of the medulla oblongata. There was a case in which a 49 year old man named Chase W. arrived at his doctor’s office complaining of a sudden onset of the above symptoms along with decreased 2 point discrimination …show more content…
Although it is small in size, it has a wide range of functions. The medulla receives blood from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), anterior spinal artery and posterior spinal artery and the vertebral artery. The PICA, ASA, and PSA are all branches of the vertebral artery, the PICA being the largest of the three. The anterior spinal artery supplies the ventral region of the medulla while the posterior spinal artery supplies the dorsal region. The PICA supplies specifically, the lateral portion of the medulla. Wallenberg’s syndrome involves thrombosis of the PICA. The infarction causes the tissue to die in that area of the medulla. The internal carotid and basilar artery are connected via Circle of Willis, which allows blood to pass from one system to another in the event of a blockage

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