...Definition of law Law is a system of rules that are enforced through social institutions to govern behaviour. Laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or by judges through binding precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people....
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...by law as grounds for a lawsuit. These wrongs result in an injury or harm constituting the basis for a claim by the injured party. While some torts are also crimes punishable with imprisonment, the primary aim of tort law is to provide relief for the damages incurred and deter others from committing the same harms. The injured person may sue for an injunction to prevent the continuation of the tortious conduct or for monetary damages.(See Damages) Among the types of damages the injured party may recover are: loss of earnings capacity, pain and suffering, and reasonable medical expenses. They include both present and future expected losses. There are numerous specific torts including trespass, assault, battery, negligence, products liability, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Torts fall into three general categories: intentional torts (e.g., intentionally hitting a person); negligent torts (e.g., causing an accident by failing to obey traffic rules); and strict liability torts(e.g., liability for making and selling defective products - See Products Liability). Intentional torts are those wrongs which the defendant knew or should have known would occur through their actions or inactions. Negligent torts occur when the defendant's actions were unreasonably unsafe. Strict liability wrongs do not depend on the degree of carefulness by the defendant, but are established when a particular action causes damage. There are also separate areas of tort law including...
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...Die Geschäftsidee-zur Gründung einem Unternehmen braucht der Existenzgründer eine Geschäftsidee, die als die haupt Einfall dem Unternehmen dient. Mögliche Quelle für sie sind die Arbeit und persönlichen Erfahrungen. Sehr oft ist die Geschäftsidee zur Gründung dem Unternehmen nicht neu und einzigartig sondern von anderen Betriebe schon geprüft. Mann kann diese Geschäftsidee weiter entwickeln um den Unternehmen mehr erfolgreich zu machen. Nachher ist es wichtig für den Unternehmen sich mit neuen Ideen zu aktualizieren zur Wahrung der hohen Einnahmen und um das Business zu erweitern. Dennoch bringt die Schaffung von neuen Ideen ein Ausbau dem ganzen Markt auch denn es fördern die Entwicklung der Konkurrenz. Um die Geschätsidee erfolgreich zu sein, muss sie eine Kombination zwischen einer Kreativität, einer Verwendung der richtigen Methoden und gutem Team haben. Die folgende Faktoren sind am maistens die bestimmend Merkmalen für eine erfolgreiche Geschäftsidee: Kundennutzen der Idee, Finanzierbarkeit, Konkurrenzsituation im angestrebten Markt, Marktvolumen, langfristiges Innovationspotenzial, Kompetenzen der Geschäftsgründer. Die Rufausnutzung- Die Rufausnutzung ist die wettbewerbswidrige Ausnutzung des Rufs einer fremden Leistung. Das bedeutet wenn ein Unternehmer den Ruf eines Konkurrenten oder Produkts, also die Wertvorstellung, die die Publikum mit ihnen vebindet, auf sich und seine Ware zu uebertragen versucht. Es ist nicht notwendig, dass ebenso eine Waren- oder Herkunftsverletzung...
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...“By definition a miracle can never happen.” Discuss. The known definition of a miracle is “an extraordinary and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore attributed to a divine agency.” However, Peter Vardy in The Puzzle of God gave four different definitions provided by many different scholars, including Aquinas and Hume, with Hume believing they are impossible but cannot be disproved compared to Aquinas believing they are completely possible even within the system of natural activity. What a miracle is can be debated forever due to the many different interpretations of who and why they come about, with psychologists such as Freud arguing they are just an illusion and Wiles arguing that miracles do exist but not as a result of God’s will. The real question is whether the laws of nature can ever be broken and to that affect – do miracles define themselves into non-existence? The definition of a miracle provided by Hume is “a transgression of the laws of nature brought about by the volition of a deity.” He believes that miracles are simply an interposition by some invisible agent, but he however goes on to challenge this definition with his theoretical case miracles which argued that the laws of nature we experience are constant and therefore cannot be changed, In response to this, as the laws of nature cannot be defied, (if they could be broken they would not be laws), by Hume’s definition, miracles can never happen, as laws of nature...
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...Outline and evaluate definitions of abnormality The first definition of abnormality is deviation from the social norm. This means that the person is not conforming to the expected and accepted patterns of behaviour in society. There are two types of social norms which can be broken by ‘not normal’ patterns of behaviour, Implicit and Explicit. Implicit rules are those which are implied, for example using cutlery to eat a roast dinner. Whilst there is no law stating that this must be done, it would be deemed unusual by other members of society. The other rule, explicit, refers to stated rules, for example the law. One example of an individual breaking an explicit rule would be committing Murder. There are however several issues with using deviation from social norm to determine abnormality. The first being cultural relativism, meaning social norms vary between cultures. For example in many African-American tribes, hearing the voices of the recently deceased is seen as a blessing. In the west, it is diagnosed as schizophrenia. Further to this, the definition does not allow for eccentric behaviour, which does not necessarily mean a person is mentally ill, ie. A rugby streaker may not be abnormal, but may just seek attention. A final drawback to this approach is that it does not define the difference between a criminal and a person with a mental health issue. A burglar, for example, may simply have a criminal mind but not be abnormal. The second definition of abnormality is the...
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...Furthermore we watched the DVD and it shown example of bad communication and how it can be so devastating and affect the patients negatively if they don't get the enough information about their illness and treatment. The Nurses and Midwifery Council (2008) recommend is very essential that the nurses are able to give patients, information, advice and a guideline about what is going on. Furthermore if patients are given enough information it will empower them as it reduces their concerns about the illness. We also discussed in small groups the definition of stereotype, prejudice discrimination and how they are connection between these words. Moreover in the group discussion we discussed how can easy lead to other, for instance, is very easy to certain group to be stereotype which can results poor care to their patients which leads be prejudice and then into discrimination. Therefore The Equality Act (2010) is law to protect people and is against the law to discriminate. http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/equalities/equality-act-publications/equality-act-guidance/individual-rights1?view=Binary access date on 5/2/13 I found watching the DVD beneficial as well touching. I felt that my self-awareness and communication skills already improved. It clearly highlights what patients really feel and want from the nurses. For example I have learnt that effective communication skills such as active listening, the right facial expressions and explaining what is going on will make massive...
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...“city-state.”(Nagel pg 1) However does this simple definition fully define the true meaning of a polis? With city being portrayed as a large socialeconomically diverse urban center and with state suggesting a formal government, we are lead to wonder if these two words blended together begin to explain what a polis really is. It is never easy to answer the question “What is an ancient Greek polis?” because everyone had their own answer to the question. For instance Aristotle says a polis was a community of self-governing citizens.(Nagel pg 1) Aristotle was said to be the most important ancient analysis of the polis system, his most famous quote being “Man is a polis animal.” (Nagel pg 1) Aristotle tells us that politeia, today’s constitution, is not just a set of laws but cultural, economical, and social way of life. (Nagel pg 9)Homer author of the Iliad and Odyssey feels a polis is formed when villages in a community unite and become large enough to be self-sufficient.(Nagel pg 8) Herodotus of The Histories of Herodotus saw polesis as a body of citizens sufficiently numerous for Securing a self-sufficient existence. As we can see that throughout time we have many authors who each carry a different point of view on how to properly view a polis of Ancient Greece. Every author has an idea and facts to back this idea up which makes it impossible to properly state that one definition is more correct than the other. It seems that the definition of the polis can also be affect by what polis...
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...Issue in the implication of the concept of tabarru’ Tabarru’ is derived from the word tabarra’a which carries the meaning of contribution, gift, donation or charity. In technical sense, it is a unilateral declaration of intent, which is a contract with a particular nature in Islamic commercial law. Tabarru is basically to give a favor to the recipient without any specific consideration in return. Unlike the exchange contract, this type of contract is valid and enforceable in Islamic commercial law even without consideration. According to Dusuki at el., (2012), the definition of Tabarru’ is essentially a contribution or donation which entails no return but rather a reward from Allah alone. By the definition, we identified to important pillars which is the intention to perform Tabarru and the absence of counter-value. If any or both of the two are absent it is not considered as Tabarru’. The Prophet (s.a.w) said: “He who retracts his hibah is like the one who swallows what he vomits”. Thus, it makes it forbidden to retract the gift on whatever grounds or even to benefit from it in one way or other. Thus, the concept of Tabarru’ seems to apply that when the moment of a donor gives out his asset as Tabarru, he relinquishes his ownership to the second party who now takes full ownership and possession of the property or asset. However, the current practice in modified Wakalah model states that a donor or a participant can still be entitling to claim in the case of misfortune. Thus...
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...Framing the Phenomenon Definition and Historical Background First, there is a need to understand who the foreign fighters are? There is no agreed definition of a foreign fighter. David Malet, a senior lecturer in the Melbourne School of Government, defines foreign fighters as ‘”non-citizens of conflict states who join insurgencies during civil conflict”. On the other hand, Thomas Hegghammer, a Senior Research Fellow, Norwegian Defense Research Establishment (FFI), proposes two definitions for foreign fighters. The first builds on Malet’s definition and narrows it through stricter criteria for inclusion by requiring that an individual: 1) has joined, and operates within the confines of, an insurgency; 2) lacks citizenship of the conflict...
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...Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living being[clarify]. In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind and body, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain (as in "good health" or "healthy").[1] The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."[2][3] Although this definition has been subject to controversy, in particular as lacking operational value and because of the problem created by use of the word "complete," it remains the most enduring.[4][5] Other definitions have been proposed, among which a recent definition that correlates health and personal satisfaction.[6][7] Classification systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications, including the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), are commonly used to define and measure the components of health. Systematic activities to prevent or cure health problems and promote good health in humans are undertaken by health care providers. Applications with regard to animal health are covered by the veterinary sciences. The term "healthy" is also widely used in the context of many types of non-living organizations and their impacts for the benefit of humans, such as in the sense of healthy communities, healthy cities or healthy environments...
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...country a nation? What is a nation? In this essay, i will attempt to gain an understanding of what a nation is, and why Canada is in fact a nation, not merely because we meet certain criteria, but because we, as Canadians, believe it is so. To define the term “nation” is quite a challenging task. The Student’s Oxford Canadian Dictionary defines a nation as, “a community of people forming a state or inhabiting a territory”. Compared to other resources, this is fairly a simple one. The same dictionary defines a state as “an organized political community under one government” By these definitions, Canada clearly classifies as a nation. Canada is without a doubt, a nation because the country has satisfied the dictionary’s requirement. Still, not all definitions are so clear. One of the most commonly accepted definitions of a nation is one that is ripe with complex and challenging requirements. These definitions often involve a group of people who share a common culture, ethnic origin and language, and they must either possess or be actively seeking an independent government. Even at a quick glance, we can see that Canada does not meet all of these...
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...URI 25 September 2013 Oedipus Tragic Hero Webster’s dictionary defines a hero as a person, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. Although this definition accurately describes Oedipus’ character, tragic hero is more of an apt description. A tragic hero is defined usually by the following: One, A man of noble stature. Two, A selfless man who is not afraid to come under scrutiny. Three, The hero honorably receives the punishment given to him. From the beginning to end of the play Oedipus The King, by Sophocles, Oedipus truly defines himself as a hero, a tragic hero. Oedipus is first introduced as the sole ruler of Thebes. Kings/Dictators are usually looked down upon due to their brash and selfish behavior, but Oedipus is the opposite. A priest say, “Therefore, O mighty power, we turn to you: find us our safety, find us a remedy, whether by counsel of the gods or of men. A king of wisdom tested in the past can act in a time of troubles, and act well. Noblest of men, restore life to your city! “(Sophocles 2) when Oedipus makes a declaration to save the city of Thebes from the ongoing plague. The priest calls him the “Noblest of men” in marvel, at the fact, a man of such high stature and importance takes the time to address the concerns of his people. The words used to describe Oedipus such as liberator, noblest of men, boldness, and mighty power show that the people of Thebes rely on and look to Oedipus for safety...
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...Definitions A definition is a statement that gives the meaning of a concept. For simple and relatively concrete concepts such as ‘Table’ we can understand them without definitions by simply seeing them. But most concepts are abstract and complex and to understand them definitions are important tool of knowledge. A definition does the following functions: a. It clarifies the boundaries of a concept. b. It clarifies the relationships among concepts. c. It clarifies the referents of the concepts. Vagueness and Ambiguity A term is ‘vague’ means it is hazy obscure and imprecise for example the words love, happiness, rich or poor are vague. We can rarely tell whether they apply to a given situation or not. How rich one has to be in order to be called rich? An ‘ambiguous expression’ is one that can be interpreted as having more than one clearly distinct meaning in a given context for example: words such as proper, light, critical, bank can be used ambiguously. If one were to describe an action as proper, does this mean proper in moral sense or proper in the sense of being socially acceptable? The difference between ambiguity and vagueness is that vague terminology allows for a relatively continuous range of interpretations, where as ambiguous terminology allows for multiple discrete interpretations. A vague expression creates a blur of meaning where as ambiguous expression mixes up otherwise clear meanings. Definitions and their purposes Definition is a group...
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...My Research Map is divided into the following five segments. ← Phase 1: Literature Review – July to September 2010 The literature review will focus on the Supply Chain business segment in a global sense. My objective is to benchmark industries with respect to the data shared between business partners and business to business transactions. The Food industry is not known as the leader in Customer – Vendor data sharing, so my research will first seek to define the leading industry and then define what characteristics separate the leaders. The secondary research will result in the following outputs. • Journal article summaries, with citations, of relevant information • Book chapters or segments that establish an academic foundations for the B to B interactions including relevant history and future expectations • A repository of my findings to share with my cohort 1. Research the current world class state-of-the-art in customer service. a. Define the world class quality reporting (WCQR) and service currently available i. By Industry segment ii. Include Depth of disclosure, delivery timing, iii. Business to Business commitment to achieve WCQR iv. Define WCQR Customer satisfaction and service levels v. Find, interview and evaluate the best companies, as possible ← Phase 2: Primary Data Collection – September to October 2010 Primary research will include Farmland Foods stakeholders and key Customer’s chosen to...
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...Popular Culture Culture is defined as the behaviors and belief characteristics that define a particular social, economical, or ethnical group. While on the other popular culture is considered a working definition in that even though there is technical definition is constantly being redefined and fine tuned. Popular culture encompasses the most immediate and contemporary elements of a social, economical or ethical group. The most common definition of popular culture is a representation of a common ground of cultural activities or commercial products that cut across economic, social and educational barriers. A major trend that many are seeing more and more is the use of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. The sites have allowed people to connect all over the world. Facebook has enabled the people to reconnect with one another after not seeing each other for years or even to find new friends. Twitter has allowed the masses of people to follow their favorite celebrities as they go about their lives. The population not only in America, but around the world is obsessed with celebrities. These social networking sites, especially Twitter, have allowed the people to see their celebrities on a more regular basis rather than just on the news or magazines. The people of the world have also continued their love of reality shows. Whether the shows feature real people or celebrities, the American population is glued to...
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