...CHAPTER 1 GLOBALIZATION AND THE MULTINATIONAL FIRM SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS QUESTIONS 1. Why is it important to study international financial management? Answer: We are now living in a world where all the major economic functions, i.e., consumption, production, and investment, are highly globalized. It is thus essential for financial managers to fully understand vital international dimensions of financial management. This global shift is in marked contrast to a situation that existed when the authors of this book were learning finance some twenty years ago. At that time, most professors customarily (and safely, to some extent) ignored international aspects of finance. This mode of operation has become untenable since then. 2. How is international financial management different from domestic financial management? Answer: There are three major dimensions that set apart international finance from domestic finance. They are: 1. foreign exchange and political risks, 2. market imperfections, and 3. expanded opportunity set. 3. Discuss the three major trends that have prevailed in international business during the last two decades. Answer: The 1980s brought a rapid integration of international capital and financial markets. Impetus for globalized financial markets initially came from the governments of major countries that had begun to deregulate their foreign exchange and capital markets. The economic integration and globalization that began in the eighties...
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...Manufacturing Office Case Study - The Challenge: Improving Ventilation System Energy Efficiency in a Textile Plant Summary Company Background Project Overview Project Team The Systems Approach Project Implementation Results Lessons Learned Summary In an effort to improve ventilation system performance in its Fresno, California textile plant, Nisshinbo California, Inc. (NCI) working with ADI Control Techniques Drives (ADI-CT) of Hayward, California retrofitted 15 of the system's fan motors with variable frequency drives (VFDs). This change enabled the fan control dampers to be fixed in a fully open position, and improved the system's air flow control and energy efficiency. As a result of this Motor Challenge Showcase Demonstration project - implemented under the Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) PowerSaving Partner (PSP) program - NCI reduced its energy consumption by approximately 1,600,000 kWh per year and achieved energy savings of 59 percent. This energy-use reduction translated to cost savings of approximately $101,000 per year, giving the project a simple payback of 1.3 years. Company Background Established in 1987 as a joint venture between Nisshinbo Industries, Inc., one of Japan's largest textile manufacturers, and Kanematsu Corporation, a large Japanese trading company, NCI's Fresno facility is the only spinning and weaving plant in the Western half of the United States. NCI produces approximately 60,000 yards of fabric from the 45,000 lbs of raw cotton...
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...Chapter-1 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 Indian Scenario in Shipping Maritime transport, which plays a vital role in the development of the country, comprises ports, shipping, shipbuilding and ship repair, and inland water transport systems. According to the Ministry of Shipping, Government of India, approximately 95% of the India’s trade by volume, and 70% by value, is moved through maritime transport. India is among the top 20 leading countries having large number of merchant fleets in the world. The Gross Tonnage (GT) under the Indian flag was 10.1 million GT as of 1.09.2010, with as much as 1029 ships in operation. Ports act as an interface between ocean transport and land transport. India has 12 major ports viz. Kolkata (including Dock complex at Haldia), Paradip, Vishakapatnam, Chennai, Ennore, Tuticorin, Cochin, New Mangalore, Mormugao, Jawaharlal Nehru at Nhava, Mumbai, and Kandla, and 187 minor ports. Despite recessionary conditions, traffic handled at major ports has grown on an average by 5.7% in the year 2009-10, over the year 2008-09. However, ports like Haldia (-20.4%), Ennore (-6.9%) and New Mangalore (-3.2%) are few of the main ports that witnessed negative growth in 2009-10. Nevertheless, most of the ports have not achieved their target for the year 2009-10. Mormugao (8.5%), Tuticorin (8.1%) Mumbai (2%), Kandla (2%), and Paradip (1.8%) were the only ports which achieved their growth target for 2009-10. Haldia (-22.1%)...
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...MANAGEMENT RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR TEXTILE MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR RELIABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS BY YUSUF AJIBOLA SARAFADEEN (201318885) Mini Research paper in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG Supervisor: Mr. Alex Rooney TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION RELIABILITY RELIABILITY RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 DESING FOR RELIABILITY 13 DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY OF A TEXTILE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM TO PRODUCE RELIABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS 13 -15 CONCLUSION REFERENCES 16 17 ABSTRACT The improvement of manufacturing process during the past years due to technology advancement and data collected from statistical analysis of plant/equipment failures is remarkable. Many companies have developed to the point where breakdown maintenance and preventive maintenance are the predominant maintenance approaches. Despite these improvements in technology and apparent unending stream of new maintenance management strategies plant/equipment performance is in many cases not the most reliable. This paper will explore...
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...Title: Isolation and Process Optimization of textile dye degrading bacteria Abstract: Bacteria can remove dyes from wastewater and soil, leading to a decrease in their toxicity. The detoxification rate depends upon media and culture conditions. The decolourization/removal of textile dyes like bromophenol blue, methylene blue, methyl green, and malachite green, in addition to various other industrial dyes, using bacteria isolated from soil has been an important area of research for bioremediation and the present work is focused on this specific aspect. The effect of independent variables such as time, temperature, pH, and agitation on decolorization efficiency of bacteria has been optimized. Biodegradation of methylene blue and bromophenol blue was demonstrated by monitoring the effects of the different parameters and determining optimal conditions for degradation activity. Introduction Several industrial activities, such as textile dyeing, olive oil extraction and the manufacture of pulp and paper are characterized by intensive water consumption rates. They release huge amounts of more or less coloured effluents into the environment. As far as synthetic dye release is concerned, textile dyeing facilities and the manufacture of dyestuffs are two major polluting sources. In addition, traditional textile dyeing processes generate a large amount of coloured effluents, because about 100 litres of water are required to process 1 kg of dyed fabrics. Moreover, up to 15% of applied...
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...Nancy Cassill and Dr. William Oxenham). The purpose of this research was to analyze how a niche strategy can be used by US textile and apparel companies to compete with lower priced imports. With the increasing globalization of the industry, it has been suggested that companies focus on products that offer a competitive advantage over commodity products (Standard and Poor’s, 2003). One way of doing this is to focus on specialized, or niche, products. The conceptual models used in this study provided a framework for specialization within trade. The trade theories examined were 1) Ricardo’s Comparative Advantage Theory (Ricardo, 1817), 2) Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory of Factor Proportions (Heckscher & Ohlin, 1991), 3) Posner’s Technology Trade Gap Theory (Posner, 1961), 4) Vernon’s Theory of the Product Life Cycle of Trade (Vernon, 1966), and 5) Porter’s Model of Competitive Advantage (Porter, 1998). Each of these trade theories predicts specialization as a result of trade. This means that as trade barriers decrease, a country’s resources will focus on those processes in which it has a competitive advantage. For the US textile and apparel industry, this means moving away from basic textile items used in apparel production, such as basic fabrics, and moving towards more focused and specialty products, which includes niche products. The methodology used in this study consisted of two phases. Phase I used a deductive research design with an aim to clarify niche strategy issues and provide...
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...2.1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Asian Textile is one of the leading export and import oriented Textile in Bangladesh. The philosophy of never standing still, slowing down, never stop thinking & never compromise with quality made. Asian Textile is the most progressive & dynamic business leader in the country. Asian Textile believes in using advanced technology with the changing world. Motivation & diversification is the major strength. It all started in 1996 with the establishment of a textile industry. Asian Textile first ventured in the textile sector with the establishment of the first unit of the Asian Textiles Mills Ltd. Project is about BD Tk.650 Million. Its target market was export oriented garments industry. Asian Textile Mills Ltd is one of the 100% cotton .T.C., P.C. fabrics. The products of the Industrial unit’s are being sold to local and foreign market. The prime item of local market are synthetic fabrics i.e. T.C.,P.C, shirting and suiting fabrics and 100% cotton fabrics of various construction are for International market. Since last 14 years the group is exporting their products through export oriented Garments Industry with good reputation. Also one of the leading supplier of deferent type of fabrics to the various Governmental/Non Governmental Organization such as Bangladesh Army, Bangladesh Navy, Bangladesh Air force, Bangladesh Police, Asian Textile constructed its state of the art manufacturing facility at Narayanganj...
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...m3 28.317 103 cm3 16.387 10 6 m3 16.387 cm3 0.16387 0.16387 10 mm 10 4 m3 5 3 Coefficient of consolidation: Force: 1 in.2/sec 1 in.2/sec 1 ft2/sec 1 lb 1 lb 1 lb 1 kip 1 U.S. ton 1 lb 1 lb/ft 1 lb/ft2 1 lb/ft2 1 U.S. ton/ft2 1 kip/ft2 1 lb/in.2 1 lb/ft3 1 lb/in.3 1 lb-ft 1 lb-in. 1 ft-lb 1 in.4 1 in.4 6.452 cm2/sec 20.346 103 m2/yr 929.03 cm2/sec 4.448 N 4.448 10 3 kN 0.4536 kgf 4.448 kN 8.896 kN 0.4536 10 3 metric ton 14.593 N/m 47.88 N/m2 0.04788 kN/m2 95.76 kN/m2 47.88 kN/m2 6.895 kN/m2 0.1572 kN/m3 271.43 kN/m3 1.3558 N · m 0.11298 N · m 1.3558 J 0.4162 0.4162 106 mm4 10 6 m4 Area: Stress: Volume: Unit weight: Moment: Energy: Moment of inertia: Section modulus: Hydraulic conductivity: 0.3048 m/min 30.48 cm/min 304.8 mm/min 0.3048 m/sec 304.8 mm/sec 0.0254 m/min 2.54 cm/sec 25.4 mm/sec CONVERSION FACTORS FROM SI TO ENGLISH UNITS Length: 1m 1 cm 1 mm 1m 1 cm 1 mm 1m 1 cm2 1 mm2 1 m2 1 cm2 1 mm2 1m 1 cm3 1 m3 1 cm3 1N 1 kN 1 kgf 1 kN 1 kN 1 metric ton 1 N/m 3 2 3.281 ft 3.281 10 3.281 10 39.37 in. 0.3937 in. 0.03937 in. 2 Stress: 2 3 ft ft 1 N/m2 1 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 1 kN/m3 1 kN/m3 1N·m 1N·m 1J 1 mm 1 m4 4 20.885 10 3 lb/ft2 20.885 lb/ft2 0.01044 U.S. ton/ft2 20.885 10 3 kip/ft2 0.145 lb/in.2 6.361 lb/ft3 0.003682 lb/in.3 0.7375 lb-ft 8.851 lb-in. 0.7375 ft-lb 2.402 2.402 6.102 6.102 10 6 in.4 106 in.4 10 5 in.3 104 in.3 Unit weight: Moment: Energy: Moment of inertia: Section modulus: Hydraulic conductivity: ...
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...Tony Campos FTSE Group Erica Lasdon Calvert Investments Cécile Churet RobecoSAM Barb MacDonald British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Leanne Clements London Pension Funds Authority Mary Jane McQuillen ClearBridge Investments Jennifer Coulson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Christie Stephenson NEI Investments Lisa Domagala Solaris Investment Management Ralf Frank DVFA (Society of Investment Professionals in Germany) Dr. Hendrik Garz Sustainalytics (previously employed by West LB) Bryan Thomson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Mike Tyrrell SRI-Connect Stéphane Voisin Cheuvreux Niamh Whooley Société Générale Robert Hauser Zürcher Kantonalbank (ZKB) Between March and May 2012 the ESG Integration Working Group interviewed 17 brokers, research providers and investment managers to draw out best practice examples of integrated equity analysis. These case studies form the basis of this review (see Appendix 1 for a list of those interviewed and the research reviewed). Thanks to the PRI ESG Working Group who have written this document in...
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...Tony Campos FTSE Group Erica Lasdon Calvert Investments Cécile Churet RobecoSAM Barb MacDonald British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Leanne Clements London Pension Funds Authority Mary Jane McQuillen ClearBridge Investments Jennifer Coulson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Christie Stephenson NEI Investments Lisa Domagala Solaris Investment Management Ralf Frank DVFA (Society of Investment Professionals in Germany) Dr. Hendrik Garz Sustainalytics (previously employed by West LB) Bryan Thomson British Columbia Investment Management Corporation Mike Tyrrell SRI-Connect Stéphane Voisin Cheuvreux Niamh Whooley Société Générale Robert Hauser Zürcher Kantonalbank (ZKB) Between March and May 2012 the ESG Integration Working Group interviewed 17 brokers, research providers and investment managers to draw out best practice examples of integrated equity analysis. These case studies form the basis of this review (see Appendix 1 for a list of those interviewed and the research reviewed). Thanks to the PRI ESG Working Group who have written this document in...
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...Development of Apparel Industry in Bangladesh Garment Industry Large-scale production of readymade garments (RMG) in organised factories is a relatively new phenomenon in Bangladesh. Until early sixties, individual tailors made garments as per specifications provided by individual customers who supplied the fabrics. The domestic market for readymade garment, excepting children wears and men's knit underwear (genji) was virtually non-existent in Bangladesh until the sixties. Since the late 1970s, the RMG industry started developing in Bangladesh primarily as an export-oriented industry although, the domestic market for RMG has been increasing fast due to increase in personal disposable income and change in life style. The sector rapidly attained high importance in terms of employment, foreign exchange earnings and its contribution to GDP. In 1999, the industry employed directly more than 1.4 million workers, about 80% of whom were female. With the growth of RMG industry, linkage industries supplying fabrics, yarns, accessories, packaging materials, etc. have also expanded. In addition, demand for services like transportation, banking, shipping and insurance has increased. All these have created additional employment. The total indirect employment created by the RMG industry in Bangladesh is estimated to be some 200,000 workers. In addition to its economic contribution, the expansion of the RMG industry has caused noticeable social changes by bringing more than 1.12 million...
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...PRINCIPLES OF COST ACCOUNTING This page intentionally left blank PRINCIPLES OF COST ACCOUNTING 15E E D W A R D J. V A N D E R B E C K Professor Emeritus Department of Accountancy Xavier University Principles of Cost Accounting, 15th Edition Edward J. VanDerbeck ª 2010, 2008 South-Western, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Vice President of Editorial, Business: Jack W. Calhoun Acquisitions Editor: Matt Filimonov Developmental Editor: Lauren Athmer Marketing Manager: Kristen Hurd Marketing Coordinator: Heather McAuliffe Content Project Manager: Corey Geissler Production Technology Analyst: Starratt Alexander Media Editor: Scott Fidler Sr. Manufacturing Coordinator: Doug Wilke Production Service: Cadmus Sr. Art Director: Stacy Shirley Internal Designer: Jennifer Lambert, Jen2Design, LLC Cover Designer: cmiller design Cover Image: ªGetty Images For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706 For permission...
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...PRINCIPLES OF COST ACCOUNTING This page intentionally left blank PRINCIPLES OF COST ACCOUNTING 15E E D W A R D J. V A N D E R B E C K Professor Emeritus Department of Accountancy Xavier University Principles of Cost Accounting, 15th Edition Edward J. VanDerbeck ª 2010, 2008 South-Western, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Vice President of Editorial, Business: Jack W. Calhoun Acquisitions Editor: Matt Filimonov Developmental Editor: Lauren Athmer Marketing Manager: Kristen Hurd Marketing Coordinator: Heather McAuliffe Content Project Manager: Corey Geissler Production Technology Analyst: Starratt Alexander Media Editor: Scott Fidler Sr. Manufacturing Coordinator: Doug Wilke Production Service: Cadmus Sr. Art Director: Stacy Shirley Internal Designer: Jennifer Lambert, Jen2Design, LLC Cover Designer: cmiller design Cover Image: ªGetty Images For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706 For permission...
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...UNIT 1- CAR BODY DETAILS Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. Some are still in production, while others are of historical interest only. These styles are largely (though not completely) independent of a car's classification in terms of price, size and intended broad market; the same car model might be available in multiple body styles (or model ranges). For some of the following terms, especially relating to four-wheel drive / SUV models and minivan / MPV models, the distinction between body style and classification is particularly narrow. Please note that while each body style has a historical and technical definition, in common usage such definitions are often blurred. Over time, the common usage of each term evolves. For example, people often call 4-passenger sport coupés a "sports car", while purists will insist that a sports car by definition is limited to two-place vehicles. Body work In automotive engineering, the bodywork of an automobile is the structure which protects: ⦁ The occupants ⦁ Any other payload ⦁ The mechanical components. In vehicles with a separate frame or chassis, the term bodywork is normally applied to only the non-structural panels, including doors and other movable panels, but it may also be used more generally to include the structural components which support the mechanical components. Construction There are three main types of automotive bodywork: ⦁ The first automobiles were designs...
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...1 EGC Montauban Business School Bachelor degree THESIS THE FINANCIAL CRISIS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ON THE GERMAN FINANCIAL SYSTEM Thesis presented by Florian DAVID Promotion Mulliez florian.david@egc-montauban.fr The 10th August 2009 2 Figures....................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction............................................................................................................... 4 1. The roots of the crisis ....................................................................................... 6 1.1 Macroeconomic situation.............................................................................. 7 1.2 The behaviour of the involved actors............................................................ 8 1.2.1 The approach of the borrowers ............................................................. 8 1.2.2 Banks and financial institutions ............................................................. 9 1.2.2.1 A new way to grant credits ............................................................. 9 1.2.2.2 A new way to earn money............................................................ 10 1.2.2.3 The emergence of new risks ........................................................ 10 1.2.3 Rating agencies .................................................................................. 11 1.2.4 Internal Audit .............................................
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