The manager is the person in charge of an enterprise, a relatively autonomous operating organization, with responsibility for the timely and correct execution of those actions promoting the successful performance and well-being of the unit.
According to John Reh, “a manager is the person responsible for planning and directing the work of a group of individuals, monitoring their work, and taking corrective action when necessary. For many people, this is their first step into a management career. Managers may direct workers directly or they may direct several supervisors who direct the workers. The manager must be familiar with the work of all the groups he/she supervises, but does not need to be the best in any or all of the areas. It is more important for the manager to know how to manage the workers than to know how to do their work well” (Reh, 2013, para. 1).
At Oxford University, Professor Francis J. Aguilar believes “managers are people who do things right; leader are people who do the right things” (Francis J. Aguilar, 1988). This catchy definition makes the important distinction between efficiency by doing things right and effectiveness by doing the right things. The job of the manager is to lead and to manage. Managers are responsible for ensuring that the right things happen, not necessarily for doing them. On the other hand, leaders are always interested in improvement and making things better.
According to James MacGregor Burns, he said “executive leaders have effective power rather merely formal authority to the degree that they can activate the need and motivational bases of other leaders and subordinates in the organization” (James MacGregor Burns, 1978).
Leaders create conditions conductive to making the right things happen, are prepared and able to recognize when the right things are happening, and support these initiatives with the power and