...things better for themselves and their families. Those countries do not have the same help and those countries are known as developing countries. The country that I did my research on is Cambodia. Cambodia relies a lot on assistance. Over the years the United States has changed many times on whether it was sending any assistance to Cambodia or not. Cambodia hurts from all the war in it's past. The different war's that Cambodia has been a part of has hurt them financially. There are many positive and many negative effects that war and peace have on distribution of foreign aid. A positive outcome of war was in 1953 when they gained their freedom from France. Soon after in 1954 they joined the United Nations. The United States and Cambodia have become closer and get along well. Cambodia belongs to a lot of the same organizations that the United States does. The wars over the years and the different people in leadership have been the cause to some changes in whether Cambodia received aid from places such as the United States. During the war's of the past, Cambodia has been hurt more and more financially. War for Cambodia has caused an already poor country to lose even more. Although Cambodia is currently considered at peace it shows what war has done to them. There has been genocide,...
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...Leadership in Public Policy Making Dawn Miller PPA 601 Foundation of Public Administration Dr. Shavonnie Carthens September 15, 2014 Leadership in Public Policy Making Leadership is a significant role in any organization or agency that determines the conduct of actions as well as the course of action inside of the organization or agency. Leaders help develop clear visions, work multiple constituencies, know as well as understand social and ethical values, create vibrant networks, improves performance, and maintains values (Cropf, 2008, pg. 233). There are different levels of leadership abilities this depends on what each person wants to achieve and what the organization is requiring. The top leadership level is an executive level, the leaders at this level need to be practical, have personal skills as well as political skills. Leaders need to know that it is not only political factors that have a part in decisions or policy making but there are environmental issues too. Public policies that are successful usually have had a leader(s) that have developed, promoted, and executed some sort of public policy. Being able complete this accomplishment the leader(s) have learned or developed certain leadership traits. Traits that are important for a public policy are creativity, enthusiastic, follow through, responsibility, and persuasiveness. Characteristics that are different from a leader and a follower, intellectual, and endurance. Leadership traits are beneficial...
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...middle of American profitability on foreign soil and growth, opportunity and economic stimulation in the local community. With a 20 percent unemployment rate for the country, Shui Fabrics has created over 3000 jobs. Along with being a profitable company, it has a positive impact in the community. Ray’s American leadership has undermined the value of job creation in the community with the slow ROI of the market. They are basing the profitability of this foreign company on American standards. Chiu’s perspective is that of greed and exploitation and balance and fair business. His leadership is concerned that western countries are trying to take over business in their home land. “Foreign companies doing business in China are generally required to form joint ventures with Chinese companies instead of forming wholly owned subsidiaries. Entrance by foreign companies to the Chinese market is often determined by how much technology and know-how the Chinese can get from the foreign company. Many Chinese worry that foreign companies are poised to take over entire sector of the economy” (Hays,2008). In terms of the GLOBE dimensions they have power difference with leadership from both sides. Ray’s leadership wants more ROI and Chui’s leadership wants minimal market presence in the country. Rays leadership is concerned with its future orientation. They feel the short term expectations have not been met and are considering closing the factory. Schui’s leadership is concerned with societal collectivism...
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...HBR.ORG The Globe F A Cautionary Tale for Emerging Market Giants PHOTOGRAPHY: GETTY IMAGES How leadership failures in corporate Japan knocked its companies off the world stage by J. Stewart Black and Allen J. Morrison ifteen years ago, Japanese companies accounted for 141 of the companies and 35.2% of the revenues of Fortune’s then brand-new Global 500 list. By 2000 their share of revenues had fallen to 20.8%, and by last year it had shrunk to 11.2%, with only 68 Japanese companies making the list. During the same period, U.S. firms’ portion of Global 500 revenues, which was 28.4% in 1995, grew slightly, to 30%. Firms from the European Union and Switzerland, meanwhile, increased their portion from 31% to 36%. Much of Japan’s loss has been a gain for firms from emerging markets. Since 1995 companies from the BRIC nations (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) have seen their combined share of Global 500 revenues leap from 0.9% to 10.4%. But will those countries lose their edge in the years ahead, as Japan did? Or will they find ways to remain globally competitive and protect their share—as the U.S. and Europe have done? To answer those questions, we first need to understand why Japan was unable to continue the meteoric rise it saw in the 1970s and 1980s, because the new generation of emerging-country multinationals bears a disturbing resemblance to corporate Japan in the 1990s. Over the past quarter century, we have tracked the rise and fall of Japanese business, and...
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...HIV/AIDS, illiteracy, underdevelopment or any other imaginable problem. Africa’s major problem is lack of good and effective leadership. Effective leadership is a pivotal element in the success of any group. Without this skill every attempt of development is at risk of dilapidating, staying dwarfed or not taking off at all. It is indubitable that the need for effective leadership in Africa is skyrocketing. It is bad leadership that has led to most of the problems that Africa is facing. Why do Africans languish in poverty yet Africa is so rich with natural resources? Why is brain drain on the rise in Africa? Why are our skilled intellectuals deserting mama Africa? Why is Africa isolated from social and economic development while other continents are developing at the speed of light? Do our leaders ever stop and think about the genesis of all these? We must stop whining, complaining and blaming the West for our problems but look at what we can do to salvage the pitiable situation. The solution lies in good leadership. Africa needs more than just foreign aid to solve her problems. If foreign aid would develop anywhere then Africa would be the most developed continent in the world because Africa has been awash in foreign aid. But that’s not the case. Africa’s medicine is good leadership; leadership that can channelize socio-economic development, a leadership that is visionary and is passionate about alleviating the myriad of challenges facing this lovely continent, while setting their...
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...manage on the basis of principles governing the family or clan system. In the traditional Korean family, the father is the unquestioned and respected head. He has almost absolute power to wield if he so wishes. The traditional Korean father also has full responsibility to feed the family and to decide the future of his children. One legacy of such a family tradition for business leadership in Korean companies is the strong authoritarian style of superiors in the managerial process. A top-down decision-making style is fairly typical among Korean companies. Usually, 80% of the authority lies in the upper management level, with middle or lower management having very limited authority. Authoritarian leadership has been a well-accepted managerial norm under the centralized structure of Korean companies. The passive attitude of the subordinates is further conducive to the authoritarian style. The traditional decision-making pummi style (proposal submitted for deliberations) was used more to diffuse responsibility than to reach consensus. Nevertheless, the authoritarian style is not despotic. Corporate leadership in Korean companies is also heavily influenced by a key value of Korean behavior, inhwa, which is defined as harmony. Inhwa emphasizes harmony in rank, power and prestige. Korean managers cherish good interpersonal relationships with their subordinates and try to keep the needs...
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...Global and International Business Contexts – SM0269 W13012208 Jack Goddard Word Count: 3457 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Part 1: Porter's National Diamond Analysis 3 Part 2: Contemporary Management Issues 7 Part 3: Market Entry Strategy 11 Recommendation to the Board of Directors…………… ……………………………… ….13 Appendices 14 References 15 Introduction This report has been written by the Boston Consulting Group and uses Porter’s national diamond analysis model to evaluate the attractiveness of investment opportunities in the Tunisian wine industry. Also discussed are two key management issues that need to be taken into account before developing operations in Tunisia followed by recommendations on two strategies for entry into the Tunisian wine industry market. In terms of background to this report, it should be noted that the global market for wine industry is changing significantly with substantial differences in the structure of the wine industry around the world. For instance, there are 232,900 wine producers in France but the top 10 brands control only 4% of the market. In contrast, four firms control over 75% of the Australian wine market. Hence there is a marked difference in industry structure when comparing the “New World” producers (e.g. Australia, Chile, United States) to the “Old World” firms. These structural differences are driven by institutional...
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...Capstone Project by Candice Sutterer February 17th, 2014 1. SWOT analyses are important in any business to evaluate their business structures and how to grow by analyzing their strengths, identifying the weaknesses to improve on, opportunities to grow by identifying the strengths and weaknesses, and also to know the threats to the business. Understanding all four of these concepts can easily make or break any business model. It is important to identity all four of these points to truly understand your business and where it stands in the marketplace. Below is a summary of a SWOT. Strengths Strengths are the qualities that enable us to accomplish the organization’s mission. These are the basis on which continued success can be made and continued/sustained. Strengths can be either tangible or intangible. These are what you are well-versed in or what you have expertise in, the traits and qualities your employees possess (individually and as a team) and the distinct features that give your organization its consistency. Strengths are the beneficial aspects of the organization or the capabilities of an organization, which includes human competencies, process capabilities, financial resources, products and services, customer goodwill and brand loyalty. Examples of organizational strengths are huge financial resources, broad product line, no debt, committed employees, etc. Weaknesses Weaknesses are the qualities that prevent us from accomplishing our mission and achieving...
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...Dennis M. Reilly, Regent University, LDSL 724, Cultures & Values I. Executive Summary Globalization can be defined as the inevitable integration of markets, nation-states, technologies and people in a way that is enabling individuals, organizations and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, deeper, and cheaper than ever before. Culture has become a highly significant factor in determining the success in today's international business environment. In particular, organizations entering the foreign markets either by expansion or mergers and acquisitions (M&A’s) are known to suffer at a high failure rate due to not understanding and preparing for cultural differences. Studies suggest that failure is due to different and often controversial relationships between cultural differences, integration and performance. The purpose of this white paper is to examine the cultural concerns when American corporations/organizations enter foreign markets and the impact cultural understanding or the lack thereof has on their success or failure. II. Culture “Culture is not only all around us but within us as well”. Each individual within an organization comes with a unique background and culture. Culture can be defined as the blending of values, politics, beliefs, behaviors, customs and attitudes that distinguishes one society from another. Since culture is a learned behavior that encompasses life-long experiences, it is adaptive. When merging cultures...
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...economic downturn. The overall disappointment is that there is no flexibility in expanding in the American capital plan in the scheme of the Globe project. Chiu is pleased because the business is economically beneficial to the Chinese government and the local area. The business is providing jobs for the Chinese people and stimulating economic growth for the Chinese government. China is the largest exporter in the world. Chiu feels that Americans should be satisfied with the ROI. Americans seem to be thought as greedy; Chiu along with local authorities may feel that Americans exploit Chinese people and their land. Legal Ray’s company is controlled by China’s government regulations on foreign businesses. America is a capitalistic nation, whereas, they are unobtrusive to regulate foreign businesses but instead have specific expectations and rules to be maintained with overseas companies. America is influential with the organization of...
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...Lincoln Electrics Keys to Success From humble beginnings to worldwide example Lincoln Electric started off from very humble beginnings, being formed during a depression and hardly prospering during the first 25 years of its existence (Robbins, De Cenzo, & Coulter, 2013; Wiley, 1993). However, Lincoln Electric has since become a regular on the Forbes magazine’s list of the 400 Best Big Companies in America and the Fortune 1000 list as well (Koller, 2010). Additionally, Lincoln Electric serves as an example for other companies striving for high performance within their own organizations (Koller, 2010). So what has made Lincoln Electric such a successful company? I’d propose it’s directly related to the company’s corporate culture, leadership and vision. Culture of Success What is corporate culture? According to Schein (1992) corporate culture is defined as “A pattern of shared, basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved problems of external adaptation and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid, and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the...
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...THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER MANCHESTER BUSSINESS SCHOOL | GLOBAL EVENTS AND LEADERSHIP | PART 1 US/Iran nuclear talks offer rejected The Iran supreme Leader has dismissed the proposal to have a one to one talk with the US over his country's nuclear program. Ayatollah Khamenei said in a speech posted online that the US was proposing talks while "Pointing a gun at Iran". “Iran’s president has said he is ready for directs talks with the US if the West stops pressuring his country. His comments directly contradict the words of the Supreme leader of Iran who rejected the US proposal of direct negotiations. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad made his statement at a rally to mark the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic revolution. “You pull away the gun from the face of the Iranian nation, I myself will enter the talks with you,” he said.”1 “ Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, rejected any idea of bilateral talks with the United States on Thursday in a speech in which he scoffed at Iranian officials who might consider such negotiations.”2 Iran which has suffered sanctions from the international community has been arguing that her nuclear programs are for peaceful reasons mainly for research and electricity power generation.However,Iran's critics argue that the country is developing weapons of mass destruction(WMD) despite the country being a signatory to various treaties that are against such developments.These treaties includes the Biological Weapon Convention3,the Chemical...
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...Management vs. Leadership October 21, 2010 University of Phoenix Dr. Ewa Usowicz Management vs. Leadership Many people tend to think that management and leadership are similar. Good managers are not always good leaders. Managers usually can perform their management responsibilities successfully but not show that they are great leaders as well. To be able to lead effectively will allow a successful to stand out from the average ones. A manager deals with the everyday tasks of the organization such as planning, organizing, and controlling but when you are a great leader you are able to make effective changes within the workplace. Leading involves setting an example, direction and also creating a visual of the goals that must be met. Management involves organizing the structure of the company, hiring good people to complete the work, and also monitoring events and activities. Leadership keeps employees motivated to overcome obstacles and focus on building the organization towards its potential future. The typical manager tends to focus on the daily activities and short-term profits. They usually do things as they come along. This is fine if your goal is just to manage, but if you are looking advance and reach long-term goals then you must focus on being a leader to your subordinates. (Bateman) To be a great leader and manager you cannot have one without the other. Managers must perform their tasks or else the organization can become ineffective and unorganized. Leadership on the...
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...Barack Obama The office of the American presidency is a multi-faceted occupation that requires many kinds of leadership styles. This hub briefly discusses some of the hats worn by American President Barack Obama over the past four years. Mostly the article focuses on three broad leadership styles including transformational-charismatic, cross-cultural, and contingency-situational leadership. Recently, I added the opinion polls to allow you to rate how you think President Obama has faired in these areas and overall. Please feel free to participate. Transformational-charismatic Before the election, President Barack Obama attracted the attention of American's and foreigners alike with a seemingly charismatic nature. A charismatic leader has an uncanny ability to draw others to his side and move them to accomplish a cause bigger than themselves. A charismatic approach is transformational if it invokes a permanent change in the people who embrace the leader's vision. During his first term, President Obama wooed at least some to his vision by showing the potential to make a huge difference in both domestic and foreign affairs Cross-Cultural-Global Leadership Under the Bush Administration, America's image lost much of its shine. This was mostly due to a unilateral, ethnocentirc foreign policy espoused by Bush and Cheney. While not taking America's safety needs for granted, President Obama formulated a more cross-cultural approach to the world, thinking not only...
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...many cultures. As globalization increases among us, the job of many Human Resources Teams has to implement training for leaders of and for diverse backgrounds. This will be challenging but if there are programs in place that can be tailored to suit diversity the future leaders will be more prepared and confident as leaders, when placed in management positions worldwide. The author of article Developing Global Leaders by Pankaj Ghemawat, wrote about the need for companies to prepare their leaders for globalization and five myths about globalization. As globalization increases, many companies here in the United States have not had success where leadership is concerned within the global market, due to lack of training. Many leaders are simply not prepared. A survey has shown that 76 percent of companies have failed due to poor leadership. Meaning global leaders that have been representing their companies are not competent. With the rapid increase of globalization many companies aim to increase trade; however it is very important to have at least the same language spoken as not speaking the same language can decrease the trade volume by thirty percent. Many multi-national companies are encountering difficulties as they expand globally. In comparison to Europe and the United States for instance, Asia’s emerging companies face multiple difficulties where as Japanese companies face more distinct difficulty such as cultural, economical and political issues which impede on their ability...
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