...THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP STYLES AND EMPLOYEES COMMITMENT IN EAST AFRICA BOTTLING S.C (COCA-COLA) A TERM PAPER: THE COURSE OF ADVANCED ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND DESIGN BY: SIRAK TEFERI ……….…. MKMW/601/06 SUBMITTED TO: TESFAYE SEMELA (Professor) The Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Employees Commitment Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................................1 1.1. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TERM PAPER ON THE STUDY OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAIVOR ...................................................................................................................................................................2 1.2. IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY TO MARKETING MANAGEMENT. .........................................3 1.3. ORGANIZATION OF THE TERM PAPER ................................................................................................3 2. MAIN BODY OF THE TERM PAPER .................................................................................................................4 2.1. THEORETICAL LITERATURE .....................................................................................................................4 2.1.1. The Concept of Leadership .................................................................................................................4 2.1.2. The Development of Leadership Theories ..................
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...Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………….……2 Discussion…………………………………………………………………….……7 Examining Apple Inc……………………………………………………….….…8 The Organizational Behavior (OB) of Apple Inc………………………….….....8 The Organizational Development (OD) of Apple Inc…………………….……..9 The Organizational Effectiveness (OE) of Apple Inc……………………………9 Effects of Conflict on the OB, OD, and OE of Apple Inc…………………...…..10 Benefits and Weaknesses of Motivation used by Apple Inc…………………..…11 Impact of Culture, Leadership Style and Motivational Style in the Firm………11 Recommendations………………………………………………………..………13 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………..……14 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………...…15 References………………………………………………………………...………17 THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ON ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECTIVENESS Introduction Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of activity as well as the performance of an individual or as a group in an organization. It is concerned with examining human behavior in an environment of work and determining the impact of these human behaviors on the structure of job, communication, leadership and performance. It consists of two theories which show how firms view it, namely: internal perspective and external perspective. Internal perspective theory of organizational behavior embraces the idea of first understanding the personal values, feelings and thoughts of a person so as to apprehend the individual in a company environment...
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...This paper compares two studies dealing with leadership strategies in work-related settings. Although the settings vary, the study of management approaches and job satisfaction are similar in each. Charles Emery and Katherine Barker’s article, “The Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Customer Contact Personnel”, assess the effect of transactional and transformational leadership styles on job satisfaction and the accountability of customer service personnel. The research suggests that some styles of management, such as transformational leadership, may be more effective in the dedication of customer service employees. Daniel Koys’ article, “The Effects of Employee Satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Turnover on Organizational Effectiveness: A Unit-Level, Longitudinal Study”, addresses the issue of whether business outcomes are influenced by employee attitudes and behaviors or vice versa. In addition, the researchers concentrate on organizational citizenship as well as employee turnover. Each research study in this paper will be addressed as Article 1 and Article 2 respectively throughout this paper. Comparison of Research Questions Both of these topics examine employee outlook and job gratification in the workplace as well as the impact employees have on customer mindsets and business outcomes. In article 1, transformational leadership and its relationship with employee attitude...
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...Organizational Behavior – Leadership BUS 318 Organizational Behavior (BWD1421A) Organizational Behavior – Leadership Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of human behavior in organizations. It is an academic discipline devoted to understanding individuals and group behavior, interpersonal processes and organizational dynamics (Schermerhorn, Osborn, Hunt, & Uhl-Bien 2012). OB is also devoted to explaining and ultimately improving the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and groups in an organization (McGraw-Hill n.d.). Leadership is an important role in an organization and in this paper I will discuss the different styles of leadership and how they affect the overall organization. “Inspired leadership has always played a vital role in the development and sustained productivity of any successful organization. But as many managers are discovering, effective leadership does not often come naturally to them. The technical and business skills they have carefully honed are simply not transferable to many situations calling for interpersonal and leadership abilities” (Dr. Strauss 2014). It is very important to have effective leadership in order to have a successful organization. Leaders are people who influence and create change. Others follow leaders because they see the value of their ideas and suggestions and choose to align with them. Leaders will succeed when other follow them because they want to not because they have to (Schermerhorn...
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...Every organization has its own culture. Every organization has its own environment to achieve its targeted goal and objectives. The people working in an organization also have different culture and different behavior and thus they have different working style to achieve the organizational goal. To study and understanding people and their behavior in an organization, organizational behavior is studied. Organizational behavior is related to the study of peoples functioning in an organization focused on achieving organizational common objectives. It includes sociology, psychology, communication and management. Individuals are most for performing every task, so their behavior and their needs should be properly studied in order to work together for achieving organizational objectives. Organization success and its objectives are achieved efficiently and effectively only if the management and leadership style is appropriate according to the situation and behavior of individuals. Organizational behavior deals with all these activities to develop the effective leaders and proper functioning of organization to achieve its objectives. Management is all about the planning, organizing, controlling and leading. Planning deals with the setting the goals and objectives and the process to achieve them. It helps to decide in advance on what to achieve, how to achieve. Organizing deals with the distribution of activities and roles with clear lines of authority and responsibility. It helps to...
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...Leadership Styles and Theories LDR 531 October 31, 2011 Leadership Styles and Theories Changing market conditions, reducing product demand, and less trade barriers among nations forcing organizations to rethink business strategies in terms of new acquisitions, restructuring, change in funding methods and mergers. Successful organizations regularly review the change in market conditions and social-political environments and build core competencies to mitigate the risk of competition and reducing product demand. Staffing competent individual at correct position is a critical task for building core competence and leadership in the organization. Leaders help in visualize innovating methods of production and facilitate changes in the organization to empower employees and organization fight competition and adopting new market conditions. The leadership role is critical at every level of the organization structure and understanding best suiting leadership style for the organization and using the right one for the situation makes the difference between success and the failure of the organization. Researchers are reviewing many leadership theories and styles to provide understanding on how organizations can use this concept for the success of the organization. Researchers developed Behavioral theories, contingency theories, trait theories, and power influence theories to gain understanding on the concept of leadership. Leaders...
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...The Role of Leadership in Shaping Organizational Culture Laurita M Jones, MBA, MSA Walden University The Role of Leadership in Shaping Organizational Culture Leaders have a profound impact on their organization and how well their teams perform. Thus, organizational leadership plays an influential role in shaping culture and culture in return forms administration. As a leadership perception, corporate culture has been acknowledged as one of the various elements that leaders can utilize to enhance a dynamic business. The process of establishing the cultural foundation of a company begins with the appointed leadership of organizations. They do so by enforcing their assumptions and expectations of organizational culture onto their followers. High-level superiors are the major sources for communicating norms and core values in organizations. Therefore, it is imperative that leaders convey the organization leadership and cultural principles to their followers for utilizing their leadership powers to support and preserve an organizational culture that is ethical and healthy. With the attentiveness to culture in today’s business entities, and its resilient influence on the behavior of subordinates, leaders in company’s can produce a culture that supports high moral and ethical behavior. The subsequent analysis of leadership and organizational culture will attempt to discuss several mechanisms of leadership, and the role leadership plays in shaping the culture of an organization...
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...IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE by Valdes J. Snipes Bennett A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Capella University June 2006 UMI Number: 3226208 Copyright 2006 by Snipes-Bennett, Valdes J. All rights reserved. UMI Microform 3226208 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 © Valdes J. Snipes Bennett, 2006 Abstract It has been theorized that the leadership style (LS) of a leader/manager in nonprofit organizations is important to effectively motivate employees to work together in achieving goals. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a relationship between leadership styles, organizational culture (OC), and organizational effectiveness outcomes (OEO). The relationship study applies data collection and scoring procedures developed by Bass and Avolio. The correlation between independent variables of transformational, transactional and passive/avoidant leadership styles and the dependent variables of transformational and transactional OC, and OEO variables of effectiveness, satisfaction, and extra effort were examined. Data was collected on leadership styles and organizational effectiveness...
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...“Leading From the Top Down, How Leadership Styles Affect Organizational Culture” By XXXXXXXXX For UMUC Course: AMBA 600 9048 XXXXXXXX May 5, 2014 Executive Summary Dear Stakeholders, We are experiencing great challenges within our organization to find individuals who first and foremost possess the basic leadership qualities to step-up and lead. This report has been developed to take a look into several leadership styles that can affect our organizational culture in a positive way. Until an effective leadership style is implemented our organization will continue to suffer with finding and retaining officers who are not only qualified and have the ability to lead effectively, but who also want to lead because they believe in our organization and want to see the organization grow and succeed; which in turn means they will succeed. One of the main topics of discussion in our board meetings is the fact that lower management have exhibited a leadership approach or lack thereof that is conducive of running and maintaining a successful workforce; our business relies on our contract officers providing a quality service to our clients. This is a prime example of why our organization is in dire need of adopting a leadership style that will affect our organizational culture in a positive way. Our officers have expressed through their union delegates that they don’t agree with the methods being used by current management, officers have expressed concerns that their...
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...Regardless of the type, size, or financial performance, the foundation of the organization still lies in the hands of a leader. The success or failure of an organization is often linked to the leadership style and ability of the leader. There is no “one size fits all” leadership style and it is essential that each leader develop his or her own style to successfully lead the organization. There has also been a link found between the personality of an individual and their leadership capabilities as it relates to the overall leadership style of the formal or informal leader. “Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people.” (Clark, 2013) In order to provide direction and implement plans, the four decision making styles that have been identified are autocratic, consultative, group, and delegated. These four styles have been derived from the Vroom and Yetton Model. Leaders of an organization are not limited to those individuals who hold a managerial or official title or those who are highest on the hierarchy of an organization. “While too often we can find powerful people who do not hold genuine positions of authority, we frequently find people who are in a position of authority, but are powerless to influence the behavior of others.” (Goncalves, 2013) Formal leaders are those who have been given or have earned their place at the top of the organization such as presidents, chief executive officers, managers, etc...
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...| Organizations and Behavior | A Theoretical Perspective | Muhammad Ariful Islam 01-Aug-12 | Contents Introduction 3 1. Understanding of Different Approaches to Management and Leadership 3 1.1 Comparison of Effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizations 3 1.1.1 Autocratic Leadership Style 3 1.1.2 Democratic or Participative Leadership Style 4 1.1.3 Free Rein Leadership Style 4 Table: 1 5 1. 2 The Best Suited Leadership Style in this Scenario 5 1. 3. How Organisational Theory Supports the Practice of Management 5 1.3.1 Classical Theory 5 1.3.2 Neoclassical Theory 6 1.3.3 Contemporary Theory 6 1.4. An Evaluation of Different Approaches to Management Used by Different Organizations 6 1.5. Organisations that Adopt Different Approaches of Management 8 2. Understanding of the Ways of Using Motivational Theories in Organisations 8 2.1 The Impact of Different Leadership Style on Motivation in the Periods of Organizational Change 8 2.2 An Effective Leadership Style Can Help to Achieve Organisational Objectives 8 2.3 Comparison of the Application of Different Motivational Theories within the Workplace 9 2.4 ‘Motivation can Increase Employee’s Performance’- A Justification with Argument 9 2.5 The Usefulness of a Motivation Theory for Managers 9 3. Understanding of the Mechanisms for Developing Effective Teamwork in Organisations 10 3.1 The Nature of Groups and Group Behaviour Within Organisations 10 ...
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...CASE STUDY “When we examine [organizational] culture and leadership closely, we see that they are two sides of the same coin; neither can really be understood by itself. On the one hand, cultural norms define how a given nation or organizations will define leadership – who will be promoted, who will get the attention of followers. On the other hand, it can be argued that the only thing of real importance that leaders do is to create and manage culture; that the unique talent of leadership is their ability to understand and work with culture; and that it is an ultimate act of leadership to destroy culture when it is viewed as dysfunctional”. Executive Summary Many researchers have tried to explore the relationship between leadership style and organizational culture but they have not been able examine these two factors together. Hence they could not establish any relationship between the two factors. This case study tries to explore these two factors together to identify the cause and effect relation between the two variables. This case study would be trying to develop theoretical patterns from a critical literature review. Firms are focusing more on improving the organizational culture and motivational level of employees but improving the leadership that influences greatly affect both these elements. It is believed that internally satisfaction among the employees leads to better utilization of resources by the firm. This internal satisfaction in employees can only...
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...Understanding leadership styles is an excellent way for one to understand an effective way to lead others in an organization. Leadership styles have long been an interesting subject for those involved in organizational behavior because it allows people to understand the motivation behind decisions made in an organizational hierarchy. According to Yukl, (2010), “Most definitions of leadership reflect the assumption that it involves a process whereby intentional influence is exerted over other people to guide, structure, and facilitate activities and relationships in a group or organization” (p. 3). Leadership styles can vary based on the individual. Some people are task-oriented, which means one focuses more on getting the job done. Others are person-oriented, which means one focuses more on the emotional element of people than getting the task completed. The ideal person, especially in management and as a leader, is one who is both task and people-oriented; this person cares about how others emotions are as well as how the job is completed. In this paper, the strength and weaknesses of this author’s leadership style will be assessed as well as a brief comparison and contrasting of leadership style will be examined. The author’s personal leadership style will be looked at in an organizational setting and what position would be perfect for the author in an organizational setting will be discussed. Strengths and weaknesses of people-oriented leadership style The style the author was...
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...Does the leadership of an organization have an effect on the employees and the organization? Abstract Leadership is a critical component in the success of any organization. Over the years, research has been conducted to identify specific aspects of organizational culture that favor particular styles of the leadership in the organization. There has been research done on the definition of leadership. In this study, I will touch on both the definition of leadership, and the importance of the relationship between specific types of organizational cultures and leadership styles. In this study, I found that transformational and transactional leadership styles are the ones that are commonly used in organizations. The leadership of an organization plays a very important role of the organization. Leadership is one of main areas of study today in professional training. There are a number of books, articles, and research papers written on how we define leadership in the public sector, as well as how it affects the organization. Some leaders are born into the role, such as royalty, where there have been some notable successes and failures. Other leaders become leaders simply because other people choose to follow them. Researchers have been studying the definition of leadership for many years with different results but most agree that leaders have a perceived influence on the organization. Sauer (2011) Most individuals who read these articles are interested...
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...BUS2202 Organizational Behavior (2014-2015 Summer) Mid-Term Quiz II According to path-goal theory, leader behavior influences employee perceptions of expectancies between employee effort and performance. If my employees are skilled and experienced customer service representatives who perform non-routine tasks, the most appropriate leadership styles are participative and achievement-oriented because they are capable and confident enough to handle their jobs such as solving unique customer problems or special needs with the company’s tasks even without further directions from leader. In these ways, employee involvement is facilitated (via participative style) and peak performance is encouraged through goal setting and positive self-fulfilling prophecy (via achievement-oriented style). It is not possible to give direction to every single non-routine and specific tasks, no standard procedure can be set to follow, that’s why participative and achievement-oriented leadership style are more preferable than directive leadership style. Directive and supportive style are not appropriate in this situation that they are more suitable for unskilled and inexperienced employees who need more information and more confidence to get the tasks done. Note that from the contingency perspective of leadership, it emphasizes the most appropriate leadership behaviors or styles depend on the situation that leader has to adapt their behaviors and styles to the immediate situations. It is mentioned...
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