...THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A DIVERSE WORKFORCE WITHIN NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS SERVING OLDER ADULTS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE by Valdes J. Snipes Bennett A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Capella University June 2006 UMI Number: 3226208 Copyright 2006 by Snipes-Bennett, Valdes J. All rights reserved. UMI Microform 3226208 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 © Valdes J. Snipes Bennett, 2006 Abstract It has been theorized that the leadership style (LS) of a leader/manager in nonprofit organizations is important to effectively motivate employees to work together in achieving goals. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a relationship between leadership styles, organizational culture (OC), and organizational effectiveness outcomes (OEO). The relationship study applies data collection and scoring procedures developed by Bass and Avolio. The correlation between independent variables of transformational, transactional and passive/avoidant leadership styles and the dependent variables of transformational and transactional OC, and OEO variables of effectiveness, satisfaction...
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...“Achieving Organizational Effectiveness Through Employee Engagement Using The Role Of Leadership Style In Workplace” Submitted to: Dr. Tasneem Akhtar GIFT University , Gujranwala Submitted by: Maryam Sameer 15221005 MBA 1.5 Year Acknowledgment All praises and thanks to Almighty Allah. The Lord and Creator of this universe by whose power and glory all good things are accomplished. He is also the most merciful, who best owed on us the potential, ability and an opportunity to work on this project. Apart from the efforts of us, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project. I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Mam Tasneem Akhtar can’t say thank you enough for her tremendous support and help. Without his encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized. We are grateful to our respected teacher Mam Tasneem Akhtar who has guided me in each and every step of this project. Indeed, without her kind guidance I may not be able to even start this project. May ALLAH give her the reward, which she deserves. I am also grateful to all those members who are related to this section. Dedication At first dedicating this work to Almighty ALLAH without his mercy and sympathy I was not able to accomplish this work. I also dedicated this work to my because their Prays & worm Hugs...
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...Leadership Styles and Theories LDR 531 October 31, 2011 Leadership Styles and Theories Changing market conditions, reducing product demand, and less trade barriers among nations forcing organizations to rethink business strategies in terms of new acquisitions, restructuring, change in funding methods and mergers. Successful organizations regularly review the change in market conditions and social-political environments and build core competencies to mitigate the risk of competition and reducing product demand. Staffing competent individual at correct position is a critical task for building core competence and leadership in the organization. Leaders help in visualize innovating methods of production and facilitate changes in the organization to empower employees and organization fight competition and adopting new market conditions. The leadership role is critical at every level of the organization structure and understanding best suiting leadership style for the organization and using the right one for the situation makes the difference between success and the failure of the organization. Researchers are reviewing many leadership theories and styles to provide understanding on how organizations can use this concept for the success of the organization. Researchers developed Behavioral theories, contingency theories, trait theories, and power influence theories to gain understanding on the concept of leadership. Leaders...
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...Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………….……2 Discussion…………………………………………………………………….……7 Examining Apple Inc……………………………………………………….….…8 The Organizational Behavior (OB) of Apple Inc………………………….….....8 The Organizational Development (OD) of Apple Inc…………………….……..9 The Organizational Effectiveness (OE) of Apple Inc……………………………9 Effects of Conflict on the OB, OD, and OE of Apple Inc…………………...…..10 Benefits and Weaknesses of Motivation used by Apple Inc…………………..…11 Impact of Culture, Leadership Style and Motivational Style in the Firm………11 Recommendations………………………………………………………..………13 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………..……14 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………...…15 References………………………………………………………………...………17 THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ON ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECTIVENESS Introduction Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of activity as well as the performance of an individual or as a group in an organization. It is concerned with examining human behavior in an environment of work and determining the impact of these human behaviors on the structure of job, communication, leadership and performance. It consists of two theories which show how firms view it, namely: internal perspective and external perspective. Internal perspective theory of organizational behavior embraces the idea of first understanding the personal values, feelings and thoughts of a person so as to apprehend the individual in a company environment...
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...Examining the effect of leadership behavior and organizational culture on knowledge management Introduction: From 1993 knowledge was an important economic resources and to gain the competitive advantage organization should have emphasis on knowledge. Now a day its knowledge based economy in which knowledge based organizations have focus on the process of knowledge management which is knowledge creation, knowledge acquiring/learning, knowledge sharing and knowledge transferring. Organizational knowledge has two types tacit and explicit knowledge. Tacit knowledge basically subjective and experiential based which cannot be express in words while explicit knowledge based on objective and rational knowledge which can be express in words. According to Maggie Haines, NHS Acting Director of KM “Knowledge management is a process that emphasizes generating, capturing and sharing information know how and integrating these into business practices and decision making for greater organizational benefit.” Leaders play important and significant role in developing and maintenance the culture in an organization. An effective leader should be have understanding of organizational culture so that they can implement knowledge management effectively (S.K. Sharma & A. Sharma, 2010). Organizational culture means believe and value structure in an organization. We have taken two approaches of leadership; transformational and transactional leadership behavior. Problem statement: In developing...
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...This paper compares two studies dealing with leadership strategies in work-related settings. Although the settings vary, the study of management approaches and job satisfaction are similar in each. Charles Emery and Katherine Barker’s article, “The Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Customer Contact Personnel”, assess the effect of transactional and transformational leadership styles on job satisfaction and the accountability of customer service personnel. The research suggests that some styles of management, such as transformational leadership, may be more effective in the dedication of customer service employees. Daniel Koys’ article, “The Effects of Employee Satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Turnover on Organizational Effectiveness: A Unit-Level, Longitudinal Study”, addresses the issue of whether business outcomes are influenced by employee attitudes and behaviors or vice versa. In addition, the researchers concentrate on organizational citizenship as well as employee turnover. Each research study in this paper will be addressed as Article 1 and Article 2 respectively throughout this paper. Comparison of Research Questions Both of these topics examine employee outlook and job gratification in the workplace as well as the impact employees have on customer mindsets and business outcomes. In article 1, transformational leadership and its relationship with employee attitude...
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...Term paper On Relevance of leadership theories, role of leadership style and team building for organizational performance in context of Bangladesh. Organization theory and Behavior (PPG505) Submitted to Dr. Sk. Tawfique M. Haque Associate Professor Department of Political Science & Sociology And Director, MPPG Program North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [pic] Submitted by MD. AMDAD HOSSAN ID NO. 1412126085 MPPG 4th Batch, Department of PSS, NSU, Dhaka 1. Introduction Leadership is a highly sought-after and highly valued commodity. In the last three decades, especially after the NPM movement, leadership has attracted substantial attention as an essential factor for organizational performance in the public sector (Cristin &Ticlu, 2012). The public has become increasingly captivated by the idea of leadership. People continue to ask themselves and others what makes good leaders. As individuals, they seek more information on how to become effective leaders (Bryman, 1992). Many people believe that leadership is a way to improve their personal, social, and professional lives. Corporations seek those with leadership ability because they believe they bring special assets to their organizations and, ultimately, improve the bottom line (Parry, 2003). In addition, leadership has gained the attention of researchers worldwide. A review of the scholarly studies on leadership shows that there is a wide variety of different...
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...Does the leadership of an organization have an effect on the employees and the organization? Abstract Leadership is a critical component in the success of any organization. Over the years, research has been conducted to identify specific aspects of organizational culture that favor particular styles of the leadership in the organization. There has been research done on the definition of leadership. In this study, I will touch on both the definition of leadership, and the importance of the relationship between specific types of organizational cultures and leadership styles. In this study, I found that transformational and transactional leadership styles are the ones that are commonly used in organizations. The leadership of an organization plays a very important role of the organization. Leadership is one of main areas of study today in professional training. There are a number of books, articles, and research papers written on how we define leadership in the public sector, as well as how it affects the organization. Some leaders are born into the role, such as royalty, where there have been some notable successes and failures. Other leaders become leaders simply because other people choose to follow them. Researchers have been studying the definition of leadership for many years with different results but most agree that leaders have a perceived influence on the organization. Sauer (2011) Most individuals who read these articles are interested...
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...Eslsca Leadership final exam Wael Emil Bassely Group C46 Question 1 : Develop the profile of a highly effective leader who can inspire his / her followers to fulfill the organization missions and achieve its objectives. In order to effectively answer this question, we have to know the following points first: * What is Leadership, who is a leader? *What is effectiveness? When is a leader effective? *why do we need leaders? * Obstacles to effective leadership. * The difference between leader and manager. *Roles and functions of leaders. *Understand the role culture can play in leadership. * The methods, results, shortcomings and contributions of the of the leadership theories. *The power and leadership relations. *Characteristics of charismatic leaders. What is Leadership, who is a leader? The leadership is a group phenomenon, without followers there are no leaders .It is a goal directed and has a big role in groups and organizations moreover it creates a hierarchy within group in some cases. The leader is the person who influences individuals and groups within an organization, helps them in establishing goals, and guides them toward achievement of those goals, thereby allowing them to be effective. Ref. The art and science of leadership What is effectiveness? When is a leader effective? The leaders are effective when their group performs well and their followers are satisfied while achieving their organizations goals. Goal achievements...
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...Leadership Styles paper Introduction Leadership is the process through which a person, in this case the leader, influences a group of people towards the realization of a common goal. The effectiveness of leadership depends on the style of leadership that the leader adopts, and usually depends on the context of leadership. This implies that different leadership styles are effective in different situations (Tittemore, 2003). Therefore, effective leaders are supposed to know the context through which a particular approach of leadership will be effective. In addition, the leadership approaches can be used for defining the personal leadership style that a person is likely to put into practice (Kippenberger, 2002). This paper discusses two leadership styles and identifies the most effective leadership that suits the philosophy of nursing leadership. In addition, the paper compares and contrasts leadership and management. The two main leadership styles discussed in this paper are autocratic and democratic leadership styles. Autocratic leadership style is whereby the leader has much power and makes use of the authority vested on him/her to initiate leadership actions such as decision-making (Marquis & Huston, 2008). Autocratic leadership style bases on the transactional theory, which lays more emphasis on the significance of the relationship that exists between the leader and the followers. The followers are supposed to obey the orders from their leaders (Marquis & Huston,...
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...Organizational Effectiveness Dexter Roberts CJA/474 November 11, 2014 Randolph Liverpool Organizational Effectiveness Every organization has specific goals and values that it strides to achieve and to analyze the effectiveness of that organization one must first know and understand what those goals are. The criminal justice system has many moving parts which sometimes make it difficult to ascertain if it is effective at fulfilling its mission. This essay will define what organizational effectiveness is, apply theories of organizational effectiveness to the management of criminal justice personnel, as well as describe methods for exerting control in an organizational setting. Organizational effectiveness can be defined as the proficiency in which an organization achieves its desired goals ("Organizational Effectiveness," n.d.). By creating a more efficient, reliable and productive workforce will help an organization meet its desired goal. However, the meaning of effective has a broad meaning in relation to organizational effectiveness because companies and organizations define effectiveness differently. In the criminal justice system the term effectiveness can mean how well the crime rate is controlled or can measure how many reports are received about certain incidents. There is no universal way of measuring the effectiveness of an organization, however, organizations agree universally that organizational effectiveness is a priority. To achieve organizational effectiveness...
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...Differ in Their Behavior and Effectiveness? Gina M Ragans Thomas University – MBA 601 November 3, 2013 Research over the last 30 years, specifically as it relates to whether gender impacts leadership effectiveness, has been broad and multi-faceted. Although, women represent fiftyone (51%) percent of the population and forty-six (46.5%) of the work force, they hold less than three (3%) of executive level positions in large Fortune 500 companies (Wan Ismail, 2012). Unfortunately, these percentages have not changed significantly in the last 10 years. While there is a general consensus among researchers that women encounter more barriers than their male counterparts when trying to climb the corporate ladder, there is much less consensus around men versus women’s behavioral and/or social patterns once they attain leadership positions within a company (Mohr, 2008). The question this literature review attempts to answer is how leadership styles are different between men and women and is one more effective than the other. The title of one research study says it all - Women “Take Care,” Men “Take Charge” (Prime, 2009). Historically, women have served in caregiver type roles (e.g. Teacher, Nurse, Fashion Designer) while men traditionally held more “take charge” roles (CEO, President, Armed Services). As women have expanded to other non-traditional roles, it has been difficult for them to overcome the stereotype that women are more effective at leadership roles that focus on nurturing...
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...Introduction Leadership shows the characters and behaviors of people whom we admire because of their ability to interact with a group to influence, motivate and facilitate members to achieve a shared objective. Leadership plays an important role while nurses provide health care to patients. Nursing Leadership Leadership can be categorized into different styles. While all nursing groups or organizations have leaders, not all leaders are effective. In an article titled “Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: A systematic review”, Cummings et al. studied leadership and their differential effects on the nursing workforce and work environments (Cummings, et al., 2010). In the article, the authors found: Staff satisfaction with work, roles and pay: The relational focused leadership styles, such as socio-emotional, resonant, transformational, inspirational, and consideration leadership are associated with the higher nursing staff satisfaction with work, roles, and pay, than the task focused leadership styles such as instrumental, laissez-faire, and management by exception leadership. Staff relationships with work: Relational leadership styles significantly increased nurses’ organizational commitment as measured by intention to stay and actual turnover. Staff health and wellbeing: Relational leadership was associated with better staff health and reduced anxiety, emotional exhaustion, and stress. Working environment: It is reported...
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...How does leadership shape organizations and how do organizations shape leadership? Discuss critically by drawing on theory and research, using an example relevant to HR to illustrate your points. In today’s continuously changing world, the only constant that an organisation would hope to have is the people in it. It is the leaders of an organization that ultimately result in the achievement of its goals. In simple terms, Leadership can be defined as a process or phenomenon wherein one individual successfully attempts to define or outline the reality of the others in an organization (Smircich and Morgan, 1982). The leader’s thought processes, their previous experiences, their understanding and reading of situations and the resulting actions they take affect this reality. Thus, every organization is shaped by the actions of its leaders. Alternatively, an individual rises to the ranks of a leader only when the organization invests in the person and creates opportunities for leadership. Thus the organization too plays an important role in shaping its leaders. This essay explores the interdependent relation between an organization and its leaders, and how actions taken at both individual and organizational level, affect the role that each one plays in achieving targets. Before outlining the impact leaders have on organizations and vice versa, it is imperative to understand the parts of the organization that can be affected or influenced by a person. These parts mainly constitute...
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...situational factors that affected the appropriate structure of organizations and the appropriate leadership styles for different situations. Although the contingency perspective purports to apply to all aspects of management, and not just organizing and leading, there has been little development of contingency approaches outside organization theory and leadership theory. The following sections provide brief overviews of the contingency perspective as relevant to organization theory and leadership. CONTINGENCY PERSPECTIVE AND ORGANIZATION THEORY Environmental change and uncertainty, work technology, and the size of a company are all identified as environmental factors impacting the effectiveness of different organizational forms. According to the contingency perspective, stable environments suggest mechanistic structures that emphasize centralization, formalization, standardization, and specialization to achieve efficiency and consistency. Certainty and predictability permit the use of policies, rules, and procedures to guide decision making for routine tasks and problems. Unstable environments suggest organic structures which emphasize decentralization to achieve flexibility and adaptability. Uncertainty and unpredictability require general problem solving methods for nonroutine tasks and problems. Paul Lawrence and Jay Lorsch suggest that organizational units operating in differing environments develop different internal unit characteristics, and that the greater the...
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