...• Describe how you might leverage the strategic capability of IT and the organizational structure to create and maintain high performance teams and a learning organization. With information technologies, there are many, which help law enforcement be successful in their duties one of them is CODIS (Combined DNA Index Program). Because CODIS is a database, system that stores DNA profiles. This database has helped police in all cases, where they have been physical DNA left at the crime scene. They then can use the CODIS system DNA profile to see, if it is a match to any of the DNA within the database. By using the CODIS system, it has helped them solve many cold cases from the past to present. They also can get results quicker, because technicians only need a “minute amount of biological material. Then decades before a similar profile sample would have to be the size of a dime” (police staff, 2003). Crime mapping it aids law enforcement looking, for patterns of criminal incidents that have happened in certain areas like rape, assaults, robberies, etc. This technology has helped technicians and law enforcement pinpoint their next target so that they can make the arrest. This software gives this information in minutes, and it can send other law enforcement this mapping pattern in those located areas. So that they can react promptly and be aware of the situations in minutes after the crime committed. Lastly, the computer aided dispatch system (CAD) helps the 911-dispatch send the...
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...An organization that learns does not automatically mean that it is a learning organization Introduction With the advance of economy, the competitions between enterprises are increasingly fierce. The research about organizational learning (OL) can be traced back to 1970s, Argyris and Schön gave a definition that diagnoses and corrects the mistake of organizations. Later, Huber (1991) published one of the most superior views about OL that during the processing of information, if the organizations’ potential behavior is changed, organizational learning has been generated in this process. Until Senge published his book named “THE FIFTH DISCIPLINE-The art & Practice of the learning organization” in 1990, the research of organizational learning enters to the climax. Basic meaning of the learning organization is that an organization is continuous expending to create its future and it has been aimed to growth the ‘knowledge intensity’ of enterprises (Senge, 1990). However, whether in theory or practice in enterprises, learning organization and organizational learning are extremely easy to confuse the two concepts. Generally, many people believe that organizational learning and learning organization are two interchangeable concepts; but from the academic point of view, the two thoughts closely related while having qualitative difference. Just like the title says, a learning organization is not an organization, which can learn. This article will start from...
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...OL vs. LO Porschia Phelps September 6, 2009 Organizational Learning Introduction When asked to define learning a mundane response to this inquiry would be that learning is simply the acquirement of knowledge. But as a seasoned marketing/management student I can confidently say that a definition of that caliber doesn’t even begin to scratch the surface of all the components and concepts that are present when providing a suitable definition of learning. As a marketing/management student I have quickly learned that when discussing the subject of learning there are many aspects. In looking into these many facets of learning we begin to find room for various outlooks and debate. Among the areas that have been indentified are the subjects of Organizational Learning and Learning Organizations. Though to the general public these two subjects may sound the same deciding to make the same exact assumption of their meanings would prove to be the wrong assessment to form. Although these two maybe closely related they both possess their own definitions and notions. Because of their possession of their own concepts there is room for discussion and deliberation. It is within these two subjects that we also find much opportunity for comparing and contrasting. Review of Literature Introduction Before you can fully begin to form a view point on the subjects of organizational learning and learning organizations you must first have a complete understanding of what these ideas are and also...
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...1 of 17 Organizational Strategy: High Performance Organization vs. Learning Organizations? Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1839985 2 of 17 Introduction The High Performance Organization and the Learning Organizations are two concepts that have been studied extensively in the organizational change and improvement literature. This paper will compare and contrast these two perspectives on organizational effectiveness. These paradigms then will be related to a real organization with consideration given to practical approaches at improving effectiveness drawn from these paradigms. Survey of High Performance Organization A recent global study defines high performance organizations as ones where the following conditions hold: “people are valued, critical thinking is optimized, and opportunities are seized”(Annunzio, S. pg 3, 2004). The most common characteristics of high performance organizations are the following: “Flatter, horizontal structure instead of vertical hierarchy, work done by teams organized around processes; teams empowered to make decisions so management is decentralized and participative, empowered workers with high skill levels and cross-training; rewards for team performance, collaboration among teams, between labor and management, with supplier, focus on customers, quality, and continuous improvement, and flexible technologies (Kerka, S., 1995). Another study entitled “The High Performance organization: An Assessment of Virtues and Values”...
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...power of players, What’s they want(stakeholders) Identify the zone of the conflict. Decision Making, Learning, Knowledge Management, and Information Technology Sessions 21 & 22 Organization Theory, BL3 visiting students m.marais@supco-montpellier.fr Learning Objectives Differentiate among several models of decision making that describe how managers make decisions ! Describe the nature of organizational learning and the different levels at which learning occurs ! Explain how organizations can use knowledge management and information technology to promote organizational learning and improve the quality of their decision making ! Learning Objectives Identify the factors, such as the operation of cognitive biases, that reduce the level of organizational learning and result in poor decision making ! Discuss some techniques that managers can use to overcome these cognitive biases and thus open the organization up to new learning ! I. Organizational decision making 1. Organizational decision making Definitions Organizational decision making: The process of responding to a problem by searching for and selecting a solution or course of action that will create value for organizational stakeholders ! Programmed decisions: Decisions that are repetitive and routine ! Nonprogrammed decisions: Decisions that are novel and unstructured ! 1. Organizational decision making Definitions ! Intuition ⽂文本 hunches that come readily to mind, require little...
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...KCA JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: VOL. 2, ISSUE 1 (2009). STRATEGIC POSITIONING FOR SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: AN ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING APPROACH John I. Njuguna1 Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja, Kenya Abstract Organizational learning is increasingly being considered as one of the fundamental sources of competitive advantage within the context of strategic management. However, most literature has not clearly linked organizational learning with sustainable competitive advantage. This paper, therefore, explores and discusses the role of organizational learning in helping business firms to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Specifically, it deals with how organizational learning process can be used to develop knowledge resources and capabilities that lead to sustainable competitive advantage. The main method used is analysis and integration of theories to develop a conceptual model. This paper proposes that, through organizational learning a firm can develop hard to imitate knowledge resources and capabilities (human capital as well as organizational capital) that create value which in turn lead to superior performance. INTRODUCTION In the 21 century business landscape, firms must compete in a complex and challenging context that is being transformed by many factors from globalization, frequent and uncertain changes to the growing use of information technologies (DeNisi, Hitt and Jackson, 2003). Therefore, achieving a competitive...
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...1 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Which of these statements about the field of organizational behaviour is FALSE? A Organizational behaviour scholars study individual, team and structural characteristics that influence . behaviour within organizations. B. Leadership, communication and other organizational behaviour topics were not discussed by scholars until the 1940s. C. Organizational behaviour emerged as a distinct field around the 1940s. D. The field of OB has adopted concepts and theories from other fields of inquiry. E. OB scholars study what people think, feel and do in and around organizations. Which of these statements about the field of organizational behaviour is TRUE? A. Organizational behaviour emerged as a distinct field during the 1980s. B. The origins of some organizational behaviour concepts date back to Plato and other Greek philosophers. C. Information technology has almost no effect on organizational behaviour. D.The field of organizational behaviour relies exclusively on ideas generated within the field by organizational behaviour scholars. E. The origins of organizational behaviour are traced mainly to the field of economics. In the field of organizational behaviour, organizations are best described as: A. legal entities that must abide by government regulations and pay taxes. B. physical structures with observable capital equipment. C. social entities with a publicly stated set of formal goals...
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...php?id=5006 LEARNING ORGANIZATION AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE-AN INTEGRATED APPROACH Muhammad Farrukh Institute of Graduate Research, SEGI University Malaysia, Malaysia Abdul Waheed School of Business and Economics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Abstract The major purpose of this conceptual paper is to integrate the view points of different researchers about leaning organization and competitive advantage and then to develop a proposed model of Learning organization. After the in-depth study of literature we concluded that learning organization is an organization which learns through its members individually and collectively to create competitive advantages by developing a facilitative system through the process of self-development and information sharing by empowering the employees.. The paper also finds some critical factors which must be present in the organization to become a learning organization. These factors are Innovation, facilitative leadership, self-development, empowerment, and information sharing and collective collaboration. The paper tried to explain the similarities and differences among the previously available models of learning organization and proposed a new theoretical model for LO. Keywords: Learning organization, organization learning, innovation, facilitative leadership, empowerment, information sharing, collective collaboration 1. INTRODUCTION* In this dynamic business era organization needs to change...
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...Learning is the way we create new knowledge and improve ourselves. Brown and Duguid describe organizational learning is the bridge between working and innovating. Organizational Learning is a process to enable organizations to better use the knowledge of their members to make business decisions. In a conventional organization, decisions are often based on management perspective without taking into account the other members of the organization. A business using Organizational Learning recognizes the value added by including all of its members in the decision making process. A Learning Organization recognizes that a business consists of people and it takes a commitment from all in the organization to best obtain the organization’s goals. Through Organizational Learning an organization gains knowledge and develops skills to empower its members to work as a cohesive team. The following table saws some of the key differences between a Conventional Organization and a Learning Organization. Conventional Organization | Learning Organization | Locked into management’s views of methods and goals. | Flexible and open to new ideas. | Makes decisions based on what currently best fits the organizational structure. | 1. Willing to disregard the status quo in favor of innovation. 2. Management encourages all members to continuously rethink what they do, how they do it, and how they might do it better | Adapts and/or reacts to change. | Anticipates the future and strives to create services...
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...can be in the form of creativity / innovation or skills in the form of explicit tacit knowledge. Pada era pengetahuan, pengetahuan telah menjadi modal virtual (human capital) yang sangat menentukan perkembangan serta sekaligus pertumbuhan organisasi. Minimal ada tiga cirri yang dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik tatanan kehidupan di era pengetahuan yaitu: In the era of knowledge, knowledge has become the virtual capital (human capital), which is crucial to the development and growth of the organization simultaneously. Minimum there are three characteristics that can be used to describe the characteristics of the era of knowledge life order they are: 1. Information / knowledge easily available and also can expire quickly. 2. The problems that occur in everyday life increasingly complex. 3. The pattern of changes in the political, economic, social and cultural significant effect on the survival of the organization to influence the...
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... Leadership in Organizations 5 Transformational Leadership 6 Servant Leadership 9 Organizational Learning 10 Organizational Performance 13 Analysis 14 Theoretical Framework 16 Hypothesis 16 Methodology 17 Data Analysis and research findings 19 Conclusion and Discussion 28 Bibliography 29 Bibliography 29 Acknowledgment The process of research is a complex one and requires immense guidance at all stages. We are thankful to our respected advisor Mr. Muhammad Ali who guided us on every stage despite our shortcomings. We are also thankful to our respected advisory committee for their valuable feedback and suggestions. We would be thankful for further feedback from our Evaluation Committee. Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of two comparative leadership styles on organizational learning and performance of non-profit organizations. The leadership style undertaken is transformational leadership and servant leadership. A sample of 100 participants is taken from non-profit organizations based in Pakistan. Data was gathered through quantitative surveys on a five point likert scale. SPSS was used for analysis purpose. The results showed that the level of organization learning doesn’t affect organization performance. These results mean that organizations should focus on other factors rather than the type of leadership they are following if they want to improve their learning or performance Scope and Purpose Non Profit Organizations are working towards...
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...Knowledge Management. Contemporary Trends and Issues ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING Povilas Brilius Baifoteka Ltd, Lithuania, povilas@baifoteka.com Abstract: Organizational Learning (OL) is recognized to have established itself as a discipline. However, it remains unclear what it is primarily focused onto – practical problem solving or theoretical descriptive analysis. Due to largely fragmented literature, sometimes interweaving concepts and a variety of attitudes, practitioners find it difficult to easily apply this field, meantime theorists call for more comprehensive understanding of OL. This article focuses on contemporary trends in OL research. It argues and unveils that current OL investigation has made a shift towards holistic and integrative approach in which individual has more powers to make a decision. Article illustrates such contemporary shift of mind by (a) summarizing most important literature in the field (b) providing examples of latest research in OL area. For a smoother analysis, author builds and applies working framework of dichotomies between concepts (dialectical approach). Keywords: organizational learning, contemporary trends, holism. JEL Classification: D800, D830 1. Introduction During the last 50-60 years Organizational Learning (OL) has undoubtedly established itself as a discipline – a number of concepts have been constructed and applied theoretically, numerous schools with distinct models have emerged. However, a question may be posed – to what...
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...the two critical feedback loops. Describe each Feedback Loop that you identify in your organization and explain why you selected them. Make sure you explain the Loop, the cause and effect process within the Loop. You could also include a Causal Loop Diagram. If you do, show the arrows and direction of affect (+ or -). Also, determine what the warrant is for your case. A feedback loop is a channel or pathway formed by an 'effect' returning to it’s 'cause,' and generating either more or less of the same effect. (Business Dictionary.com, 2011). Feedback loops can be divided into positive and negative loops. A feedback loop is considered positive if it contains an even number of negative causal links. A feedback loop is considered negative, if it contains an odd number of negative causal links. (Systems Thinking, 2011). BALANCING LOOP A balancing loop attempts to move a current state to a desired or reference state through some action. (Systems Thinking, 2011).The structure may begin with the current state greater or less than the desired state, in which case the current state may approach the desired state from above or below. (Systems Thinking, 2011). + + Organizational goals (the desired state) interact with present-day operations (the current state) to...
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...The Role of Leaders in Creating a Learning Organization Introduction The concept of learning organization is undeniably an emerging one necessitated by the ever changing environment in which organizations operate. This dynamism requires an organization with structural designs which are flexible enough to allow for an organization to draw lessons from experiences especially its own and actually apply these lessons. This particular paper describes the role of leadership in creating a learning organization. Role of Leadership in Organizational Learning Therefore, it is imperative that the organization’s culture and ultimately, its leadership style are accommodative enough to encourage and allow for a change in the mindset and behaviors of the employees and the organization by extension. Learning within an organization is a complex undertaking that involves various processes which go on indefinitely and requires ‘motion’ from all levels of management of the organization. Information must be created and shared amongst all employees within the organization their rank and seniority notwithstanding. Moreover, it has serious financial implications to the organization but this alleviated by the numerous benefits of learning within the organization. The organization will not only become competitive in the labor market but also in the product market because its labor force is highly productive, innovative and creative as a result of sharing information. Both motion of ideas and information...
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...Introduction Organizational Learning has become an important theory in the development of leadership and organizational growth. There are many works available on the topic but Peter M. Senge’s book “The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization” is held as the foremost organizational learning concept that others have built upon. In 1990, Senge outlined the five disciplines as follows: 1. System Thinking: is the conceptual framework where organizations see the total picture to make effective change. It is considered the cornerstone of the disciplines. 2. Personal Mastery: is dependent on the commitment of the organization’s members to effect change so the organization may learn. 3. Mental Models: exposes the biases that we carry with us, which we may be unaware of. In order to learn and change it is necessary to “turn the mirror inward.” It opens the member to “learningful” conversations and other’s input. 4. Building Shared Vision: this is the shared commitment of the future goals of the organization. The key component of this discipline is that the vision is shared by the stakeholders and not dictated by the organization. 5. Team Learning: this is the foundation to the organization’s ability to thrive. It is a vital component of modern organizations as the learning unit is the team, as opposed to the individual. The teams must learn so the organization may learn. Senge defined his framework as disciplines because he considered them...
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