...Evidence of Prehistoric Bacterial Life found from Mars: I wonder if there are still any possible life-forms on Mars From the beginning of time, the universe has always been a mystery to mankind. We have been intrigued by the many wonders of the universe and as time elapsed, technology increased, and the minds of human beings have evolved, extraterrestrial life remains a recurring interest. The rising curiosity of extraterrestrial life has plagued the minds of Scientists to common folk. People have held various theories based on their imagination on what life would resemble. Over time, many great discoveries have been made as well as many excursions into outer space. Planets, stars, galaxies, comets, our moon and sun we’ve discovered. We have advanced enormously within the technology field and this advancement has enabled man to be educated about space and the wonders thereof. However, the greatest question of extraterrestrial life has not been answered. Many of us perceive life forms to be humanlike species or “Cycloptic” (one-eyed) creatures similar to the aliens depicted in Science fiction films. However we fail to realize the life can be as small as bacteria or as enormous as prehistoric creatures like dinosaurs. The planet Mars, is one which is very close to the characteristics of our very own earth and with recent missions to Mars in the search for life I believe that life does exist on Mars upon recent findings and also theories which dictate the requirements for life...
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...The relationship of excess body weight and health-related quality of life: evidence from a population study in Taiwan I-C Huang, C Frangakis, and AW Wu Abstract Objective: Excess body weight is related to significant morbidity and mortality. However, less is known about the relationship of body weight to health-related quality of life (HRQOL), especially for Asian populations. We examined the relationship of excess weight and HRQOL in a general population sample from Taiwan. Research methods and procedures: This cross-sectional study used a national representative sample (n=14221) from the 2001 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Body weight was categorized using body mass index (BMI in kg/m2) as normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), and obese (>=30). HRQOL was measured using the Taiwan version of the SF-36. We compared the body weight–HRQOL relationships by age, gender, and status of chronic condition, respectively. We especially used the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) to examine the relationships of BMI and HRQOL by taking into account the correlations of HRQOL within households. Four models were developed to adjust sequentially for sets of covariates: Model 1 with no adjustment; Model 2 adjusting for socio-demographic variables; Model 3 adding chronic conditions; Model 4 further adding smoking status. Results: Unadjusted physical HRQOL was best for normal weight, worse for overweight, and worst for obese individuals. For unadjusted mental HRQOL, overweight...
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...HPNA Position Statement Evidence-Based Practice Background Increased attention is being directed toward the development of methods that can provide valid and reliable information about what works best in healthcare. The careful scientific evaluation of clinical practice became a prominent focus during the second half of the 20th century.1 More recently, attention has been paid to methods of determining which of multiple proven approaches to a healthcare problem works best for which patients.2 Evidence-based practice encompasses implementing the best-known practices into the clinical setting using a scientific approach. It evolved from evidence-based medicine, which was developed in Canada to teach medical students. “Evidence-based medicine has been defined as the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.”3, p. 3 The National Quality Forum’s report A National Framework and Preferred Practices for Palliative and Hospice Care Quality is a consensus report that is a first step toward introducing evidence-based measures into palliative practice on a formal, national level.4 The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) supports organizations in their efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare by facilitating the use of evidence-based research findings in clinical practice.5 The nursing discipline has also embraced evidence-based practice over the past 25 years, initially through...
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...first-hand testimony of His life and ministry; because of their encounter and personal experience they believed beyond a shadow of a doubt that He was real. Contrastingly, we have people today – 2,000 plus years later – who struggles to fathom the concept of a sinless man leaving His glories to come to a sinful, selfish world to live selflessly, and then die in the stead of the same people who would kill Him. If I was not a Christian I might have questioned this logic because humanly thinking it is absurd! However, when we go beyond faith and start to reason the concept of Jesus; the prophesy proclaiming His birth, life and death is undeniably accurate. Furthermore, the evidences for His existence is convincing, especially if we consider the evidences for other historic figures like Alexander the Great; whose history was written about 300 year after his supposed rule and conquest of the world. That is enough time to dress his story in pink and put a bonnet on it; in other words, how can we be sure that the account of his life is accurate? Yet everyone seems to take his existence at face value. In respect to the life of Jesus, there are several streams of evidences to validate His existence: archaeological findings, the accounts of early non-Christians, the early Christian accounts, early New Testament manuscripts and the historical impact of His life. Even without all these evidence, I believe he exists. In fact, I have seen Him work miracles in my life, I have had answered prayers...
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...Thesis: In his novel The Wars , Timothy Findley depicts through protagonist Robert Ross, the effects of societal influence on an individual’s quest of staying true to his ideals. Topic Sentc : When an individual is devoted to his ideals, he will despairingly attempt to defy the provocations against them in order to preserve his integrity. Evidence 1: Robert holds himself accountable to his Rowena’s death since he was meant to be her “guardian”. From then on, this role becomes significant in his life as he tries to preserve the innocent lifeforms around him since he associates his sister with innocence. Evidence 2: Robert is reminded of his sister’s character by her pet rabbits. Therefore, he is committed to taking care of them and preserving...
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...order for living organisms to survive in those planets, there needs to be sources of water to sustain life on those planets. If humans can find water on a different planet, then they could make the claim that life could already be on these planets, or that life can be sustained on these planets. My evidence is that in order for life to be sustained on a planet, this planet must contain the six most common elements needed for life, known as SPONCH. SPONCH stands for Sulfur, Phospherous, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, and Hydrogen. Hydrogen as well as Oxygen are both required in order for water molecules to be formed, which means that these six elements should be found and attainable on these planets in order for them to be very sustainable for any forms of life to be able to actually live on...
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...position resonates better with my own process of accepting and discarding beliefs, however it is important to note that by saying this I am not rejecting the virtues of doxastic liberalism. Quite the contrary, I do believe that in some instances a liberal attitude can prove worthwhile, I simply find James’ reasons for applying a liberal attitude to be rather problematic. A discussion on whether or not James’ reasons for applying doxastic liberalism may go beyond the scope of this paper, so any such inquiry into this matter will be kept to a minimum. In his defense of doxastic conservatism Clifford offers the following argument: Before accepting a belief, we must ensure that there is sufficient evidence which supports said belief (1,5,10). If after examining the available evidence, we find that it does not support the belief, than that belief must be discarded (2-4). Additionally, there are instances where a belief “goes beyond our experience” and can be accepted based on inferences of similar experiences, assuming that the inference is drawn logically from reliable experience (8-10). Finally, Clifford gives weight to sources of authority, such as writings of history or the words of another author, lest there be grounds to doubt their motives or intentions or reliability (8-10). Now that Clifford’s position has been laid out, we can begin to investigate his reasons for holding this position, and what implications they carry. The crux of Clifford’s...
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...Abstract: The evidence for past life on Mars is supported by Steve Ruff and Jack Farmer’s findings about silica deposits on Mars, the Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001, and evidence of past water valleys. Silica deposits from Mars are very similar to deposit formations here on Earth, which were made from biotic processes. Furthermore, Allan Hills 84001 (ALH84001) gives evidence of organic buildups native to ancient Mars. Lastly, valleys on Mars’ surface has evidence of flowing water, shown in outflow channels and sinuous valleys. While it is important to look into the past, SpaceX is looking to the future. Ambitious Elon Musk has plans for building a colony on Mars and allowing humans to be the first interplanetary species....
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...world was created from evolution or by God, who created Adam and Eve. Evolution says, that life evolved from species, while the creation method says that God created Adam and Eve, mother and father to us all. In our society today, we are split in the thought process of how the world and mankind came about. Was it by the all-powerful God, or does science effectively explain these answers? Truth is, no one knows for sure how anything came to be about. We have scientific evidence to back evolution, and the biblical text to back the creation myths. In the ever-going argument of evolution vs creation, it is by far more plausible to say that man derived from evolution rather...
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...6/20/2016 Corporate Financial Policy Basics of Corporate Dividend Policy Objectives • What is a dividend policy? And how is the process structured? • What are different measures of dividend policy? • What does empirical evidence suggest about dividend policies? • Are there any differences in dividend policies across the world? • What are recent trends in dividend policy? 1 6/20/2016 Basics of Corporate Dividend Policy Dividend Policy and its Mechanics Dividend Policy • One of the decisions that a firm has to take is whether to share corporate profits with its shareholders or not. • And, if a firm decides to share its profits with shareholders, it has to make another decision: What percentage of profits should be shared? 2 6/20/2016 Dividend Policy • Dividends are the most common method of sharing corporate profits with the shareholders of a firm. They are paid out in the form of cash. • Dividends are, usually, taxable to the recipient in the year they are paid. • For each share owned, a declared amount of money is distributed. Thus, if a person owns 100 shares and the cash dividend is $0.50 per share, he will receive $50.00 (=100*$0.50) in total. Dividend Policy • Dividends are, generally, paid on a regular basis at the end of quarters, at the end of six months, or at the end of years. These dividends are also called regular dividends. • However, firms can also pay special dividends, which are non-recurring (one time)...
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...A Summary of the Three (3) Current Competing Theories of the Origin of Life on Earth: It Arrived from an Extraterrestrial Source; It Originated as a Heterotroph; It Originated as an Autotroph. Summary of the three (3) current competing theories of the origin of life on Earth: It arrived from an extraterrestrial source; it originated as a heterotroph; it originated as an autotroph. Scientists to this day do not know how life came about on Earth. Yet, they continue to stuerwtdy many kinds of evidence and continue their research. At present there are three competing theories one how life on Earth came about. Life arrived here from an extraterrestrial source. Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius popularized the idea of panspermia in the early nineties; the concept that life arose outside the Earth and that living things were transported to Earth to seed the planet with life. According to this passage, his theory does not explain how life arose originally, even though it had little scientific support at that time. His theory has been revived and modified after gaining new evidence from the examinations of meteorites and space explorations. Organic molecules are found in many meteorites, and this suggests that life may have existed elsewhere in the solar system. An analysis of a meteorite found in Antarctica in 1996 suggested that from its chemical make up, it was a portion of Mars, also the presence of complex organic molecules and small globules resembles those found on earth....
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...beliefs and beings, however, Nielsen clarifies that all atheists do not wholeheartedly or similarly reject the existence of said godly or spiritual beliefs and beings. Atheism branches into three major subcategories: fallibilistic atheism, aprioristic atheism, and dogmatic atheism. Fallibilistic atheists believe their knowledge and beliefs concerning godly or spiritual beings could be mistaken. Fallibilistic atheists are usually deemed as agnostics, however, they are distinguished by the fact they presently do not believe in any godly or spiritual being. They remain conscious they may, at some point in the future, be presented with evidence which may alter their beliefs. Fallibilistic atheists are often considered empiricists—those whom believe that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience—for they need to be presented with clear evidence in order to believe in any godly or spiritual beings. Aprioristic atheists do not believe in any godly or spiritual being due to their logical interpretations. Aprioristic atheists reject the existence of any godly or spiritual being because they consider their existence to be incomprehensible and illogical. The existence of a godly or spiritual being, especially in the forms portrayed by popular religions, is unintelligible and ridiculous in the eyes of an aprioristic atheist. Aprioristic atheists do not necessarily derive their...
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...(3) current competing theories of the origin of life on Earth: It arrived from an extraterrestrial source; it originated as a heterotroph; it originated as an autotroph. Scientists to this day do not know how life came about on Earth. Yet, they continue to study many kinds of evidence and continue their research. At present there are three competing theories one how life on Earth came about. Life arrived here from an extraterrestrial source. Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius popularized the idea of panspermia in the early nineties; the concept that life arose outside the Earth and that living things were transported to Earth to seed the planet with life. According to this passage, his theory does not explain how life arose originally, even though it had little scientific support at that time. His theory has been revived and modified after gaining new evidence from the examinations of meteorites and space explorations. Organic molecules are found in many meteorites, and this suggests that life may have existed elsewhere in the solar system. An analysis of a meteorite found in Antarctica in 1996 suggested that from its chemical make up, it was a portion of Mars, also the presence of complex organic molecules and small globules resembles those found on earth. Yet scientists no longer agree that their structures are from microorganisms even though many may disagree. Explorations on Mars’s surface failed to find evidence of life. But in June and July of 2003, two spacecrafts...
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...Merth Undefined sample was found on a new planet called Merth. New sample from that new planet shows characteristics of life. This living thing is made up of units called cells. Other characteristics of life is reproduction, have DNA, grow and develop. Also living things obtain and use materials and energy, respond to their environment, maintain a stable internal environment and change over time. In order for a sample to be a living thing it needs to have those characteristics of life. Since the sample have those characteristics of live it can be classified and a living thing. One of eight characteristics of live is that is shows evidence of cellular organization. The sample dose shows evidence of cellular organization. In the sample there is vacuole which store material such as water salts and proteins. Other organelle is cell membrane which regulate what enters and leaves the cell. Also the living organelle is multicellular...
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...based on religious doctrine to those which take a strictly scientific approach. One possibility that leans towards the latter is the panspermia theory which suggests that life did not originate on earth; but rather came to earth from somewhere else in the universe. It is the idea that the ingredients for life are found throughout the universe and are able to initiate life given a habitable environment. While this theory may seem improbable to some, increasing evidence suggests that this idea may have more truth to it than some may believe. In order for life to have come to earth from somewhere else in the universe, it would have had to survive the harshest environment we know of; space. These organisms would have been exposed to massive amounts of radiation, extremely cold temperatures (nearly -273.15ºC), and extreme atmospheric pressure1. When we think of organisms that thrive in the harshest environments on earth we think of extremophiles, and perhaps the most renowned and complex extremophile is the tardigrade. These dry aquatic invertebrates are known to be one of the most resilient species on earth and have received a lot of attention from researchers regarding their potential to survive in space2. Proving that tardigrades have the ability to survive outer space, demonstrates the possibility that life could have traveled through space for extended periods of time without dying. “tardigrades in Space (TARDIS), for example, was the first project planned to evaluate their...
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