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Life as We Know It

In: Philosophy and Psychology

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Anthropology: A Definition
Learning Objectives

1
1. Define anthropology as a discipline. 2. Enumerate and define the subdivisions of anthropology. 3. Outline the history of anthropology. 4. Discuss the research methods of anthropological research. 5. Explain the causes of culture shock. 6. Analyze the values of cultural relativism. 7. Identify the uses of cross-cultural comparison.

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

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8. Explain the basic ethical questions of anthropological research. 9. Explain the different concepts used in an anthropological analysis of culture. 10. Explain the difference between humanistic and scientific approaches to culture.

Chapter Outline
1.1 The Breadth of Anthropology
• • • • • The Four Traditional Subfields Anthropology as Science and Humanity Etic Versus Emic Perspectives The Holistic Perspective Breadth in Time and Space

1.3 Methods of Anthropological Research
• • • • Participant Observation The Fieldwork: A Case Study Cross-Cultural Comparison Ethics in Anthropological Research

1.2 The History of Cultural Anthropology
• • • • • The Evolutionary Period The Empiricist Period The Functionalist Period The Contemporary Period The Period of Specialization

1.4 Cultural Differences
• Culture Shock • Ethnocentrism • Cultural Relativism

1.5 Employment in Anthropology

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Section 1.1 The Breadth of Anthropology

CHAPTER 1

This chapter explains what anthropology is, the history of the discipline, how anthropologists gather information about human customs, how different anthropologists analyze culture, and how anthropology has evolved as a discipline.

1.1 The Breadth of Anthropology

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nthropology is the general study of humans and their ways of life. Anthropology is broader in scope than are any

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