...personal analysis describing why these exhibits should be included and how they shaped the current health care system in the United States. Descriptions and analysis must use complete sentences. Format your proposal consistent with APA guidelines. Part 1: Health Care Hall of Fame Museum Proposal |Development |Description |Analysis (How does the development affect the current U.S. health care system?) | |EXAMPLE |Even though the connection between filth and disease was made in the 1850s,|Once the link between germs and disease had been scientifically established, | | |the wider medical community still did not understand the cause of |hospitals in America became a place for people to come to recover. Before the | | |infectious diseases until much later. Germ theory was hypothesized in the |1920s, hospitals were little more than almshouses for the poor who were sick; they| | |19th century in Europe; however, it was not until the 1920s that bacteria |provided a place of rest, food, and...
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...personal analysis describing why these exhibits should be included and how they shaped the current health care system in the United States. Descriptions and analysis must use complete sentences. Format your proposal consistent with APA guidelines. Part 1: Health Care Hall of Fame Museum Proposal |Development |Description |Analysis (How does the development affect the current U.S. health care system?) | |EXAMPLE |Even though the connection between filth and disease was made in the 1850s,|Once the link between germs and disease had been scientifically established, | | |the wider medical community still did not understand the cause of |hospitals in America became a place for people to come to recover. Before the | | |infectious diseases until much later. Germ theory was hypothesized in the |1920s, hospitals were little more than almshouses for the poor who were sick; they| | |19th century in Europe; however, it was not until the 1920s that bacteria |provided a place of rest, food, and...
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...Chronic kidney diseaseFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Chronic kidney disease Classification and external resources Uremic frost on the forehead and scalp of a young man who presented with complaints of chronic anorexia and fatigue with blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels of approximately 100 and 50 mg/dL respectively. ICD-10 N18 ICD-9 585.9 585.1-585.5 403 DiseasesDB 11288 MedlinePlus 000471 eMedicine article/238798 MeSH D007676 Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal disease (CRD), is a progressive loss in renal function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney function are non-specific, and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite. Often, chronic kidney disease is diagnosed as a result of screening of people known to be at risk of kidney problems, such as those with high blood pressure or diabetes and those with a blood relative with chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease may also be identified when it leads to one of its recognized complications, such as cardiovascular disease, anemia or pericarditis.[1] It is differentiated from acute kidney disease in that the reduction in kidney function must be present for over 3 months. Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a lower glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete...
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...take a look at what “obesity “ is by definition, some of the causes of obesity and what societal factors influence this rise. We will also examine to what extent obesity affects the United States and look at obesity through the parameters of sociological theory. Obesity in American Society The World Health Organization defines obesity as it relates to BMI or the Basic Metabolic Index. BMI is (Weight in Kilograms/Height in Meters squared). Healthy BMI is between 18.5 and 24.9, Over weight is from 25 to 29.9, while obese is defined as BMI from 30 to 39.9 and morbidly obese is greater that 40. Many experts argue that this BMI definition of obesity is not accurate because in does not allow for the heavy muscled individual, but none argue that obesity is not a growing problem. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 4.7 percent of the United States population is morbidly obese. This is up from 2.7% less than 20 years ago. With the direct link between obesity and many of societies health and disease issues, it is easy to see what all the concern is about. At its core the cause of obesity is simple. When a person’s energy intake exceeds energy expenditure a person’s body stores the excess as fat. Fats are stored by the body to be used as fuel when there is time of need, similar to the reserve on a fuel tank. This is the metabolic version of saving for a rainy day. Historically mankind has endured such feast and famine times, experiencing times of plenty...
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...transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the person's own body, to replace the recipient's damaged or absent organ. The emerging field of regenerative medicine is allowing scientists and engineers to create organs to be re-grown from the person's own cells (stem cells, or cells extracted from the failing organs). Organs and/or tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called auto grafts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allograft. Allograft can either be from a living or cadaveric source. Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. Tissues include bones, tendons (both referred to as musculoskeletal grafts), cornea, skin, heart valves, nerves and veins. Worldwide, the kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organs, followed by the liver and then the heart. Cornea and musculoskeletal grafts are the most commonly transplanted tissues; these outnumber organ transplants by more than tenfold. Organ donors may be living, brain dead, or dead via circulatory death. Tissue may be recovered from donors who die of circulatory death, as well as of brain death – up to 24 hours past the cessation of heartbeat. Unlike organs, most tissues (with the exception of corneas) can be preserved and stored for up to five years, meaning they can be "banked". Transplantation raises a number of...
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...Respiratory system Nose | Air enters and leaves the respiratory system through the nose. It warms and moistens the air before it reaches the lungs, and helps remove unwanted particles, like dust and soot. | Trachea | The trachea is also known as the windpipe. It is a bony tube, which connects the nose and mouth to the lungs, hence is an important part of the respiratory system in vertebrates | Lungs | The lungs take in oxygen, which the body's cells need to live and carry out their normal functions. The lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product of the cells. | Nervous system Brain | The brain is like a central computer that control bodily functions. It is protected by the skull to reduce damage. It is divided into many parts, including the cerebrum and brain stem. It stores and sorts out information before sending out any necessary commands. It is the centre of control and its job would be incomplete without the spinal cord. | Nerves | Each nerve is connected to a particular area and is responsible for connection to and from different regions of the body. ‘Multiple sclerosis’ is a problem which can damage nerves and prevent signals to travel from them. | Spinal cord | The spinal cord is a long bundle of nerve tissues. It is protected by the vertebrae so it doesn’t get damaged. There is also fluid that helps protect nerve tissue, keeping it healthy by removing waste products. The brains job would not be possible without the spinal cord. | Sense...
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...Assignment #7 and submit by designated deadline. Note about objectives /outcomes and studying for this course: For ALL content in this course, the student will be able to DESCRIBE/DISCUSS/IDENTIFY correlations (links) between pathophysiology of the disease and its clinical manifestations. In other words, #1: how does the pathophysiology of a particular disease cause the signs and symptoms, and #2: if a patient presents the signs and symptoms of a disease, be able to use critical thinking to figure out the disease process that is most likely in that context. Objectives /outcomes for this subject: 1. the relationship between key aspects of normal genitourinary function and the pathophysiology involved in select genitourinary-related conditions, including: • female-specific disorders: endometriosis, ovarian cancer, PID, UTIs. • male-specific disorders: testicular cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer • nongender-specific problems: STIs, urologic obstructions 2. the relationship between key aspects of normal renal function and the pathophysiology involved in select renal conditions, including: • hydronephrosis. • glomerulonephritis • acute kidney injury (AKI; previously known as ARF—acute renal failure) and chronic kidney disease 3. signs and symptoms related to above pathological conditions, including significance of diagnostic test results used to evaluate and monitor renal and genitourinary function, such as: • PSA • BUN,...
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...Introduction The number of American people who are obese has increased over the years. This complex condition has affected almost all ages with children obesity being on the rise. Obesity can be linked to the onset of some diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and some heart diseases that have increased the risk of death and reduction of an individual’s health. The answers that we seek are concerned with sugars’ role in the development of obesity and the emergence of related diseases. It is important to consider an individual’s genes when determining vulnerability to obesity but what doctors mostly emphasize is on food intake. As the socioeconomic levels of most Americans rise, diets are increasingly having a higher proportion of sugars while work is shifting into a less physical nature. The high proportion of sugars in the American diet has a direct relationship to obesity and other related illnesses. Is sugar related to obesity and medical disorders associated in the American society? In order to become fully aware of the link between sugars and diabetes, we have to look at the features and nature of sugar. Sugar is a generalized name for a crystalline carbohydrate that is simple, edible and has a sweet flavor. The main types of sugar are sucrose, lactose, fructose and glucose. Glucose, also referred to as blood sugar is the one that circulates in the blood. Table sugar and fruits contain sucrose and fructose respectively. During the process of digestion, carbohydrates...
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...means the difference between life and death. Many people have misconceptions regarding organ donation and simply do not understand the facts. Some do not realize the vast numbers on waiting lists and how simply becoming a donor could save the life of another. Others may be apprehensive about making a decision about their bodies after death. In this paper we explain the origins and history of organ donation, the process by which organs are donated, the ethical implications behind organ donation and discuss many of the proposed solutions to solve the organ shortage issue. HISTORY OF ORGAN DONATION The origins of organ donation arose with several experimental transplants. The first successful transplant was a bone transplant in 1878, which used a bone from a cadaver. (14) Experimentally, bone marrow transplants began by giving patients bone marrow orally after meals to cure leukemia. This had no effect, but later when they used intravenous injections to treat aplastic anemia, there was some effect (14). One development that largely aided organ donation was the discovery of blood groups in the early 20th century. The first recorded kidney transplant was in 1909 and was a rabbit kidney inserted into a child suffering from kidney failure. The child died after two weeks (8). The first human to human kidney transplantation was in 1936 and failed. The first successful kidney transplant wasn't until 1954 and was between two identical twins. Soon after, heart transplants began...
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...Hypertension or High blood pressure is a prevalent cardiovascular disease in the United States and other nations around the world. It is estimated that 1 billion is affected with the disease and about 7.1 million hypertension related mortalities annually. It is a condition in which the long-term force of blood against artery walls is high enough to ultimately cause heart attack, aneurysm, stroke or left ventricular hypertrophy leading to congestive heart failure. Many people with hypertension do not realize they have because the symptoms are subtle and that it generally develops over a long period of time. Most often, vital organs like the kidneys and eyes may damage or other diseases may occur before it is detected; for this reason, it is often called the "silent killer (American Heart Association, 2014). According to Woo & Wynne (2012), a report from the World Health Organization indicates that suboptimal blood pressure higher than 115mm Hg (systolic) is liable for 62% of all cardiovascular disease and 49% of all ischemic heart disease. A normal blood pressure level is systolic reading of blood pressure (SBP) less than 120mmHg with diastolic level (DBP) less than 80mmHg. Hypertension disease has the following stages. A pre-hypertensive level is SBP 120-139, and DBP 80-89. Hypertension stage 1 is SBP 140-159, with DBP of 90-99. Hypertension stage 2 is SBP greater than or equal to 160 with DBP of 100 or more. Stress and emotional tension may temporarily increase blood pressure;...
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...11/20/2015 Multiple Sclerosis is a disease in which the immune system fights the central nervous system; this makes it an immune-mediated disease. Inside the central nervous system, the immune system attacks the nerve fibers and the fatty matter that encases and pads the nerve fibers called the myelin (National MS Society, n.d). The harmed myelin forms scar tissue which is called sclerosis; this is how the disease had its name chosen. Nerve signals go back and forth from the brain to the spinal cord become broken up and sporadic causing an array of symptoms that one with multiple sclerosis would experience. There is still no known definite cause of multiple sclerosis; however researchers believe there are various things that contribute. Since multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease it simply means that body attacks itself; yet there it is believed there are environmental factors that play a role in one having multiple sclerosis (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015). For example, research has shown that people who live closer to the equator make more vitamin D naturally and this vitamin helps an individual to not develop the disease; therefore individuals who live in areas with seasonal climate change have a greater risk of getting multiple sclerosis (National MS Society, n.d). There have been certain infections that are linked to the disease. Viruses such has herpes, measles, Chlamydia and Epstein-Barr are all being studied to find the correlation between an individual who have had one...
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...diabetes are two diseases that can be compared and contrasted according to the type. Diabetes Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces insulin. Diabetes can be classified according to two types; * Type 1 * Type 2 Compare and contrast Type 1 and Type 2 * Similarities * Differences Preventative Measures * Prevention * Causes * Treatment Type 1 and 2 diabetes are two diseases that can be compared and contrasted according to the type. A. Type 1 The pancreas no longer makes insulin or an extremely amount of insulin. B. Type 2 The body neither uses its insulin effectively, nor does it produce enough insulin. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are two diseases that can be compared and contrasted according to their similarities and differences. A. Similarities Both are genetic diseases Both have similar complications Treatment B. Differences Symptoms Complications Risks Preventive Management A. Type 1 Balanced Healthy Diet Exercise Medication B. Type 2 Insulin management Balanced Healthy Diet Exercise Conclusion A. Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by a high level of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action. B. Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes can be compared and contrasted in; Type of diabetes, similarities and differences, and management. Diabetes is a chronic disease that unfortunately...
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...glycogen | | D. | lactose | | | Score: | 1/1 | | | 4. | | | If you had the condition phenylketonuria, which should you not use? | | | Student Response | Feedback | A. | Acesulfame-K | | B. | Aspartame | | C. | High fructose corn syrup | | D. | Saccharin | | | Score: | 1/1 | | | 5. | | | In the U.S. diet, carbohydrate supplies approximately what percentage of total kcalories? | | | Student Response | Feedback | A. | 15% | | B. | 35% | | C. | 50% | | D. | 60% | | | Score: | 0/1 | | | 6. | | | Which of the following has the most starch? | | | Student Response | Feedback | A. | 1 medium orange | | B. | 1 cup of kidney beans | | C. | 8 fluid ounces of milk | | D. | 4 ounces of meat | | | Score: | 1/1 |...
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...Awareness Michelle Alexander Axia College of University of Phoenix HCA/240 February 28, 2010 Overview Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause major damage to any organ or tissue in your body. Lupus causes your immune system to become unbalanced and is of unknown etiology. In Lupus the immune system is unable to differentiate between foreign and its own systems cells and tissues. It then produces antibodies that fight the body’s own tissues. Lupus is diagnosed in 90% of women between the ages of 14-44, this is more than the men, but it can affect children and younger teens. It is found in non-whites more than Caucasians (Womens Health 2009). Lupus is not contagious or related to cancer; it is not related to or like HIV (Human Immune Deficiency Virus) or even AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Who is most affected by Lupus? Lupus can develop in all ethnic and racial groups and 9 out of 10 women. Lupus is most commonly found in women of color such as; African American, Hispanic, Latina, Asian, Pacific Islanders, Native Hawaiians, and Native American. African American women are more than three times higher to get lupus than White American women. African American and Hispanic -Latinos tend to get lupus at an early age and will have more symptoms along with kidney problems. Hispanics have more heart problems and African Americans have more seizures than the other minority groups, this is widely due to the genetics. Diagnosis of Lupus ...
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...Is type 2 diabetes a public health emergency? Definition: The term ‘diabetes mellitus’ describes a metabolic disorder of multiple causes characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrates , fats and protein metabolism which results in abnormal insulin secretion or/ and insulin action. The effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damage dysfunction and failure of various organs (WHO). Types of diabetes: There are two main types of Diabetes: * Type 1diabetes (T1B) which usually develops in childhood and adolescence and the patients require lifelong insulin injections for survival. * Type 2 diabetes (T2B) usually occurs in adulthood and it is also related to obesity as well as lack of physical activity and unhealthy diets. This is the more common type of diabetes (representing 90% of diabetes cases worldwide) and treatment may involve lifestyle modifications and weight loss alone or oral medicines or even insulin injections. * Other categories of diabetes: There are other categories of diabetes which includes gestational diabetes (a state of hyperglycaemia which develops during pregnancy) and other rarer causes (genetic syndromes, acquired processes such as pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis or exposure to certain drugs, viruses and unknown causes). Burden of diabetes: * The development of diabetes is projected to reach pandemic proportions over the next 10-20 years. * International diabetes federation data showed in 2025 the number...
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