...Exploring Linux Operating Systems What is Linux? Linux is an Operating System for a computer; it is like other Operating Systems such as Windows and the OS X for MAC. Linux was created in 1991 and has been found on many different systems like Super Computers, cell phones, and even the New York stock exchange. What sets Linux apart from other Operating Systems is that Linux is made by several different companies. According to www.linux.com over 3,200 developers have from 200 companies have contributed to the kernel which is just a small piece of the distribution. How is Linux used today? While other Operating Systems are very limited to personal computing devices, Linux is not limited it can be found on many different things. Linux had its start as a server Operating System but is also one of the only Operating System that can be found on more than just a personal computer. Some of the different things it can be found on taken from www.linux.com “These are just the most recent examples of Linux-based devices available to consumers worldwide. This actual number of items that use Linux numbers in the thousands.” www.linux.com File Editors Coming from a Windows Operating System pretty much my whole life, which means I only have experience with GUI editors such as Notepad from Windows. After working with Linux and its file editors this past week I found it much faster and easier than using the notepad system in Windows. There are two different kinds of editors...
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...you press the power button to turn your computer on. There are three types of operating systems which are: MAC OS, WINDOWS AND LINUX. MAC OS Mac OS is the proprietary operating system used by apple for their Macintosh computers originally called systems. Before, the operating system could be run only on Macintosh computers that had Motorola processors. Mac OS was introduced to apple in 2002 and is not compatible with PC hardware. MAC is credited with making the graphical user interface. MAC OS uses control panels to configure, troubleshoot, and maintain the computer. Windows and Linux do not run in Macintosh. LINUX Linux is an open-source operating system modeled on UNIX. Linux was originally written by Linus Torvalds and can be freely downloaded by anyone. They are usually run on PC, gaming consoles, dvrs, mobile phones, and many other devices. Linux was originally designed as an alternative operating system to windows. It is also free to download under GPL (general public license). The Linux operating system represented a $25 billion ecosystem in 2008. Since its inception in 1991, Linux has grown to become a force in computing, powering everything from the New York Stock Exchange to mobile phones to supercomputers to consumer devices. Linux users have the option of using one of a few GUIs that are similar to the Mac OS GUI. The two most popular GUI environments are GNOME and KDE. GNOME stands...
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...COMPOSING AND USING REGULAR EXPRESSIONS l Introduction What is a GUI exactly? A GUI is known as a graphical user interface that provides a way to interact with a computer system by choosing items from menus or manipulating pictures drawn on a display screen instead of typing command lines. (Sobell 2014) Now in this day and age we have many options of what we want our computers to do and with Linux there is also options of how we want them to look and run. Regular expressions and their purpose The first question that comes to mind is, “What is a regular expression?” Many people who are new to the computing world would have no clue what it is. A regular expression is a set of one or more strings of characters. (Sobell 2014) Fedora/Red Hat Enterprise Linux GUI desktop managers With options at with desktop managers, this gives a user a chance to get the feel of which one is right for them. One of the many desktop options is Xfce. This option is a good option for people that an old-fashioned desktop environment. It is not loaded down with desktop widgets and makes it a good option for people using older computers without a good graphics card. Another option that a user would have is KDE. This option is more for a user that wants to have a lot of configuration options at their disposal. As Xfce doesn’t have desktop widgets, this option does. When would these desktop managers be suitable to install? As mention before, it really depends on what the used wants...
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...Carlos Espiritu 12/10/11 Week 1 homework Page 19 1. What is free software? List three characteristics of free software. Free software includes GNU/Linux, Apache, and some examples of free applications are: KDE, OpenOffice.org. all these application can be used for router/mobile phones..Etc. Linux is free and price plays a roll but not so crucial as other OS. Also source code is available, and software can be used for any purpose, also can be studied and changed. Linux software can be distributed and changed versions as well. 2. What are multiuser sytems? Why are they successful? A multiuser system allows each user at their work terminals to be connected to the computer. The operating system of computer assigns each user a portion of RAM and drives the computer’s time among various users; it is also called time sharing system. In other words, a multiuser system allows many users to simultaneously access the facilities of the host computer. This type of system is capable of having 100’s of users use this computer at once. The commonly used multiuser systems are: 1. LOCAL AREA NETWORK 2. WIDE AREA NETWORK 3. METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK. 3. In what language is linux written? What does the language have to do with the success of linux? Linux is written in the C programming language and because it is written in the C language the language can be imbedded in all type of devices from TV’s, to PDA’s, cell phones, cable boxes for the reason of this language being so portable...
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...at the same time. Also being a multiprocessing system, it can also run several programs at the same time. UNIX is very versatile and it can be set up to support Windows systems and a variety of other systems. It also supports a variety of programming languages, e.g. HTML, C, C++, Java and Java Script, just to name a few. UNIX would be classified as an Enterprise Corporate level OS, and can be run on a mainframe computer (Dean, 2006). UNIX uses a command prompt to interface and communicate with the user and has no GUI. 2. Although Dos is the original foundation for Windows it was a difficult language to use, requiring the user to learn and memorize at least 200 commands. It is also a very limited OS in that it is a single-user, single-task system. Windows is actually a layer over Dos, and is not a true Operating System itself. However, it’s creation was instrumental in building the huge computer consumer market that exist today because the GUI that was added to Windows taught consumers that using a computer could be easy and fun in 1985. In recent years Windows has been making notable progress in the Network Server industry with Windows NT, Server 2000 and Server 2003....
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...Running head: Linux Systems Exploring Linux Operating Systems Student College Exploring Linux Operating Systems Much like Windows OS and the OS X for the Mac, Linux is an operating system that was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. Linux is traditionally a command line system as opposed to the GUI that many home computer users are more accustomed to. Linux uses a prompt where various commands and arguments are used to navigate the system and directories. One cannot point and click an icon in order to execute a program, in Linux the command line is like typing out the directions for your computer so it knows exactly where to look. Linux is being utilized in many different applications from business databases, cell phones, and even the New York stock exchange. Linux, however, is hardly considered a “personal computer” OS because of its limitations in personal computing. Although a Linux GUI desktop does exist, the command line interface is considered an advanced program and not for the faint of heart. Linux however holds many advantages in database software, server maintenance, code development and computer programming. The Linux “language” is close to coding language and the kernel is more secure than, say, the Windows Kernel. This advantage is encouraging to businesses and anyone else looking to keep or store sensitive data. Linux is a solid OS to use when handling such information when confidentiality is key. Like the other OS there are different means for file editing...
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...Microsoft, Linux, and Mac OS. Each of these offer different ways to view the internet (browser), as well as interact with other computer systems via the internet. Each of these operating systems has almost a cult following whose users are very good at them. The most commonly used OS would be the Microsoft line of operating systems. These started from Windows 3.1 and have evolved to the most recent Windows 8. These operating systems are the most commonly used due to the easy to use GUI and Microsoft has one of the largest software libraries out there. Most Companies use a mix of Microsoft and Linux server systems. The most commonly used version is currently Windows XP, but due to the drop of support, will soon be Windows 7. A large factor to the commonality of this OS is due to the gaming industry and social networking sites. With the increase of graphical complexity of games increasing exponentially, the operating systems needed to be more efficient in its utilization of resources. Then, tie in the MMORPG (Massive multiplayer online role playing game), and you need a system that can put graphics and online resources together to allow playability. Why play a game by yourself when you can play online with a huge player base. With the Social networking, you need a system that can update via internet almost on the millisecond just to be up to date with the multiple sites. On the server side of the internet, the most commonly used operating system is Linux or UNIX...
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...language the hardware can interpret. The operating system acts as a platform for all other applications on your CPU. Basically operating systems are like the manager for computers. It's the job of the operating system to monitor what software needs and what the hardware can provide. As you run applications on your computer, the operating system uses the resources necessary to complete the task. That can include processing power, memory allocation and computer storage access. The OS will make sure that your computer's hardware is never overtaxed. There are three most commonly used and they are Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. Windows OS is a product of Microsoft and is the most commonly used OS. It is estimated 90% of client computers use one of various Windows version. Windows is GUI that was a loaded on top of a MS-DOS from Versions 1-3. Windows 95 became an all-in one OS/GUI, which made other versions of Windows OS. Like Window Server 2003 and 2008, and by mobile and compact devises Windows CE. The web browser for Windows is called Explorer. The Mac OS is a Proprietary OS used by Apple for Macintosh computer. The Mac computer is a favorite of multimedia designers, graphic artists, and musicians. Now it’s estimated that about 10% of the US uses Mac OS. Mac OS has always use number version originally named “System”. As of the 7.6 version it was titled Mac OS officially. During the earlier versions the OS could only run on Mac computers that had Motorola processors. In 2002 Apple introduced...
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...CSS200-1401B-01 Principals of Network Security Instructor: Gregory Roby Phase 2, Individual Project Date: March 08, 2014 By: Gil Palacio Lab #3 Overview: In this Lab I am learning how to use the Zenmap Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the free Nmap Security Scanner application. This application is an open source tool that automates network exploration to perform several different types of security audit scans of large IP networks (LAB 3, CTU. 2014). SO here is what I gather while doing this Lab: I added several IPs to putty in order to build information or to give information to the GUI that I am looking into. I copy pasted the two interfaces that are up,up in the 1st question from the Lab Assessment sheet of the putty profile created: Interface Ethernet0/0 "", is up, line protocol is up Hardware is 88E6095, BW 100 Mbps Auto-Duplex(Full-duplex), Auto-Speed(100 Mbps) Available but not configured via nameif MAC address c84c.7556.de9e, MTU not set IP address unassigned 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 L2 decode drops 0 switch ingress policy drops 0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collisions, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 rate limit drops ...
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...University of Sunderland School of Computing and Technology File Management System in Linux CUI Interface A Project Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the Regulations governing the award of the degree of BA in Computer Studies, University of Sunderland 2006 I. Abstract This dissertation details a project to design and produce a prototype Linux character environment file manipulation assisting application. The application is offering a friendly menu driven interface to handle the jobs that non-programmers keep finding cumbersome to master when it comes to working in a Unix/Linux interface, resulting in serious mistakes and much loss of productive time. The Linux File Management System is a basic program for every user at a Unix/Linux terminal. Advantages here include the fact that the support team does not have to be burdened with solving simple file based queries by the employees. The areas of Designing GUI interfaces in Linux and Windows versus Linux Security were researched and a prototype has been designed, developed and tested. An evaluation of the overall success of the project has been conducted and recommendations for future work are also given. Words II. Table of Contents 1) Introduction.................................................................................................................................4 1.1 Overview.................................
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...* * * * * Benefits and Disadvantages of UNIX® or Linux® Versus Microsoft® Windows Server® Virtual Company: Riordan Kenneth Fleming, Eddy Garcia, H. RaShonda Harris, Lupita Sebastian and John Ward University of Phoenix – POS 420 Introduction to UNIX September 19, 2012 Introduction History Riordan Manufacturing is a global plastics manufacturer who employs over 500 people with projected annual earnings of $46 million. Riordan's major clientele include automotive parts manufacturers, aircraft manufacturers, the Department of Defense, beverage makers and bottlers, and appliance manufacturers (Apollo Group, Inc., 2005). With manufacturing plants in Albany, Georgia, Pontiac, Michigan, and Hangzhou, China, Riordan’s e-business plays a vital role in continued growth. Riordan’s Internet site states, “Riordan Manufacturing, Inc. is an industry leader in the field of plastic injection molding. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the differences between UNIX/Linux versus Microsoft Windows. Our paper will discuss facts that cover security, administrative, networking, performance, programmability. Security Technical One of the key differences between the Unix approach to system security and the MS Windows approach is that significant security characteristics of Unix systems are a consequence of good architectural design. Modularity within the system is another example of architectural security in UNIX, but lacking in MS Windows. These...
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...Linux Features of Red Hat Red hat has many different features, I will cover a few of the main features in this section, and Red Hat contains more than 1,200 components covering a broad range of functionality. Red Hat Enterprise Linux provides CIOs and IT managers with the means to reduce costs while improving operational flexibility throughout their computing infrastructure. The following list provides a brief summary of the more important features: * Virtualization is provided in all Red Hat Enterprise Linux server products and is optionally available for desktop products. * Storage and extended server virtualization are provided with Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform. * Red Hat Network supports virtualized guest operating systems * Virtual-manager, other management tools are available for single system or scripted virtualization management. * Integration with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization is available for enterprise virtualization management. Networking & interoperability * Network storage enhancements include Autofs, FS-Cache, and iSCSI support * IPv6 support and conformance enhancements * Improved Microsoft® file/print and Active Directory integration, including support for Windows Security Features * SE Linux enhancements include Multi-Level Security and targeted policies for all services * SE troubleshooter GUI simplifies SE Linux management * Integrated directory and security capabilities * IPSEC enhancements...
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...Linux Security Lab 5 Apply Hardened Security for Linux Services & Applications 1. /etc 2. Edit skip-networking in the document. This is disabled by default so I think it is a best practice. Init Level | Comments | 0 | Runlevel 0 is reserved for the "shutdown" phase. Entering init 0 from the shell prompt will shutdown the system and usually power off the machine. | 1 | Runlevel 1 is usually for very basic commands. This is the equivalent to "safe mode" used by Windows. This level is usually only used to asses repairs or maintenance to the system. This is a single-user mode and does not allow other users to login to the machine. | 2 | Runlevel 2 is used to start most of the machines services. However, it does not start the network file sharing service (SMB, NFS). This will allows multiple users to login to the machine. | 3 | Runlevel 3 is commonly used by servers. This loads all services except the X windows system. This means the system will boot to the equivalent of DOS. No GUIs (KDE, Gnome) will start. This level allows multiple users to login to the machine. | 4 | Runlevel 4 is usually a "custom" level. By default it will start a few more services than level 3. This level is usually only used under special circumstances. | 5 | Runlevel 5 is everything! This will start any GUIs, extra services for printing, and 3rd party services. Full multi-users support also. This runlevel is generally used on by workstations. | 6 | Runlevel 6 is reserved for...
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...users have the freedom to distribute and change. 2. Describe the relationship between Linux and the GNU Project. Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself; it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux is normally used in combination with the GNU operating system: the whole system is basically GNU with Linux added, or GNU/Linux. All the so-called “Linux” distributions are really distributions of GNU/Linux. 3. List and describe in detail four advantages of Linux. Applications – Linux is both free and commercial as well as a wide variety of tools: graphical, word processing, networking, security administration, Web server and many others. Flexibility - Linux can be used for high performance server applications, desktop applications, and embedded systems. You can save disk space by only installing the components needed for a particular use. You can restrict the use of specific computers by installing for example only selected office applications instead of the whole suite. Performance - Linux provides persistent high performance on workstations and on networks. It can handle unusually large numbers of users simultaneously, and can make old computers sufficiently responsive to be useful again. Stability - Linux doesn’t need to be rebooted periodically to maintain performance levels. It doesn’t...
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...Chapter One (History of Linux): The history of Linux begins not with the release of Linux in 1991 but with the creation of GNU (which stands for Gnu’s not UNIX). This started with the purpose of creating a free OS to anyone who wanted with. By 1991 everything was complete except for the kernel which Linus Torvalds provided. The Code was free, this dated to back to when UNIX was released to Universities for a low cost and that way its students would be familiar with it and it would slowly permeate the marketplace once those students got out of the schoolhouse and made their way up the ladder of business. Some of the best things about Linux is the fact that is has a large selection of applications written for it that range from word processing to graphical tools to security administration software. It provides a wide range of peripherals and easy to install software. It works on a variety of platforms as well with a variety of hardware which allows it to be extremely portable. Another big key in this development is the creation of UNIX in B programming language which gave rise to C, C++ and Objective C. Linux has the shells to be able to interpret command language and programming language. GUI allows people to customize the desktop environment to suit their needs or tastes. Chapter Two and Three (Installation and Step by Step Installation): In the installation of Linux there are many different mediums to install it from. You can install it form a Live CD, An install...
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