...A Critical Review and Analysis of the Literature (This assignment is submitted through the Canvas assignment dropbox.) This term paper (3,000 words, double-spaced, 12-point font) is a critical analysis of a topic area within the field of gerontology. The paper is to be based on a review of gerontological literature. Statements made in the paper should be supported by references to published peer-reviewed academic journal articles, book chapters, and books. Your paper must go beyond the material found in your course readings—you are expected to refer to at least 10 to 12 additional academic sources directly related to your topic. All references should follow the American Psychological Association style. Please visit APA (Links to an external site.) for the citation style to be followed for the reference list. Failure to reference properly will be penalized. The following is a list of suggested topics. The purpose of this list is to give you some direction and make you aware of related possibilities. If you wish to write on a topic not included in this list, you must check with the tutor-marker about your proposed topic by the end of week 5. Writing on another topic requires that you demonstrate to the tutor-marker and course supervisor that you have a clear understanding of what you propose to do and that you have verified that sufficient research is available on the topic to enable you to write a paper meeting the course requirements. Sample Topics 1. Describe the impact...
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...consists of retrieving a peer-reviewed article and applying the research methodology to the article selected. The article selected for the research methodology was Managing Aging Patients written by Robert D’Ambrosia, Jennifer Kilpatrick, and Lene Juel Rasmussen written June 2003. Based on the information in the article will help determine the methods of defining the problem, the purpose of the study, research questions, hypothesis, study variables, conceptual model, the review of related literature and the study design of the selected article. Define the Problem The problem in this scenario is the need to be able to manage and being equipped with the up and coming baby boomers. It has been predicted that 20% of the population in US will be aged 65 years by 2030 it was predicted few years ago because of up and coming baby boomers. We are all aware that the aging Baby Boomer population and with increased life expectancy and more active lifestyles, then in the past generation is beginning and will continue to place a huge demand on medical resources, predominantly from the orthopedic doctors. There will be a quadruple need of orthopedic surgeons than before because of high risk and demand of patients. A lot of baby boomers suffer from joint, ligament, and tendons. The risk of hip damage increase drastically with aging patients. Other issues are cumulative loss of flexibility, muscle strength, and endurance and a host of other medical teething troubles that may need to be taken into...
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...Social isolation in community-dwelling seniors Abstract In early August 2007, the Medical Advisory Secretariat began work on the Aging in the Community project, an evidence-based review of the literature surrounding healthy aging in the community. The Health System Strategy Division at the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care subsequently asked the secretariat to provide an evidentiary platform for the ministry's newly released Aging at Home Strategy.After a broad literature review and consultation with experts, the secretariat identified 4 key areas that strongly predict an elderly person's transition from independent community living to a long-term care home. Evidence-based analyses have been prepared for each of these 4 areas: falls and fall-related injuries, urinary incontinence, dementia, and social isolation. For the first area, falls and fall-related injuries, an economic model is described in a separate report.Please visit the Medical Advisory Secretariat Web site, http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/providers/program/mas/mas_about.html, to review these titles within the Aging in the Community series.AGING IN THE COMMUNITY: Summary of Evidence-Based AnalysesPrevention of Falls and Fall-Related Injuries in Community-Dwelling Seniors: An Evidence-Based AnalysisBehavioural Interventions for Urinary Incontinence in Community-Dwelling Seniors: An Evidence-Based AnalysisCaregiver- and Patient-Directed Interventions for Dementia: An Evidence-Based AnalysisSocial Isolation...
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...Loss of independence in older adults Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Loss of independence in older adults Literature review This review is a critical and analytical analysis of a topic area within the Nursing field. The paper is based on an analysis of the loss of independence in older adults. This is a major concern in society as it increases the rate of dependency. The study is based on nursing literature compiled by renowned scholars in this field. Studies show major differences in the life expectancy of different people living in different parts of the world (Young, 2010, p.15). This is mainly caused by the disparities in lifestyles of different people in different parts of the world. In addition to this, less developed countries have inadequate social security nets. This discourages people from securing their futures at an early age that would reduce independence in older adults. In addition to this, it has been proven that the increasing rate of dependence in the elderly has been rapidly increasing in less developed countries as compared to the developed ones (Roberts & Bishop, 2005, p.27). Nevertheless, studies have shown that about 10-15% of the world population is composed of the elderly people (Reus, 2000, p.57). This number is said to increase with the increasing population in most parts of the world. However, this percentage is not entirely dependent on other people (Birmaher, 1996, p.101). There are some elderly people who are not entirely dependent...
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...Health care costs are continuing to rise and it contributes to the impact of providing the older population with medical care. “The aging of the U.S. population is translating into many more visits to doctors' offices and hospitals, a reality that is taxing weak spots in the health-care system” (The Associated Press, 2008, para. 1. Within this paper, the economic impact of providing the older population with medical care has on the provision of health care services to the public will be addressed. Also articles that support medical care to the older population will be addressed along with possible solutions to the economic impact of providing medical care to an older population. Economic Impact of Providing Medical Care to an Aging Population The world’s population is continuing to age, and the older people are the more likely he or she to seek medical care. The larger proportion of the hospital in-patient case load is represented by the older population. The older population has more complications and doctors have to perform more tests and procedures on them. According to Cauchon (2008), “the cost of health care and retirement benefits of an aging population threatens to bankrupt the nation unless dramatic changes are made” (para. 4). Balancing the nation’s budget is an important goal because for the aging population, medical care is costly to government programs as well. Balancing the budget will help prepare the economy and the federal...
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...Medical Care and the Economy A major public policy concern in the long-term care field is the potential burden an aging society will place on the care-giving system and public finances. The “2030 problem” involves the challenge of assuring that sufficient resources and an effective service system are available in thirty years, when the elderly population is twice what it is today. Much of this growth will be prompted by the aging of the Baby Boomers, who in 2030 will be aged 66 to 84—the “young old”—and will number 61 million people. In addition to the Baby Boomers, those born prior to 1946—the “oldest old”—will number 9million people in 2030. This paper assesses the economic dimensions of the 2030 problem. The first half of the paper reviews the literature and logic that suggest that aging in general, and long-term care services in particular, will represent an overwhelming economic burden on society by 2030. Then, a new analysis of burden is presented to suggest that aggregate resources should not be a major issue for the midcentury economy. Finally, the paper presents four key challenges that represent the real economic burden of long-term care in the twenty-first century. These challenges are significant but different from macro cost issues. What type of economic burden might be considered overwhelming? Existing literature never explicitly defines this but the sense is that the burden might be considered overwhelming if: (a) tax rates need to be raised dramatically, (b)...
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...NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Aging Ment Health. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2008 February 19. NIH-PA Author Manuscript Published in final edited form as: Aging Ment Health. 2005 March ; 9(2): 105–118. Family Involvement in Residential Long-Term Care: A Synthesis and Critical Review* Joseph E. Gaugler The University of Kentucky Abstract The objective of this review is to critically synthesize the existing literature on family involvement in residential long-term care. Studies that examined family involvement in various long-term care venues were identified through extensive searches of the literature. Future research and practice must consider the complexity of family structure, adopt longitudinal designs, provide direct empirical links between family involvement and resident outcomes, and offer rigorous evaluation of interventions in order to refine the literature. NIH-PA Author Manuscript Keywords Family Involvement; Nursing Homes; Assisted Living Facilities; Family Care Homes; Family Caregiving; Informal Care NIH-PA Author Manuscript Over the past several decades, various research studies have demonstrated that family members remain involved in the lives of their loved ones following placement in residential long-term care facilities (e.g., Bowers, 1988; Maas et al., 2000; Rowles & High, 1996; Smith & Bengston, 1979; York & Calsyn, 1977; Zarit & Whitlatch, 1992, to name a few). These collective findings have helped debunk...
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...2006). Today, based predominantly on that very same reason, the baby boomer population is now making a very different, yet equally as profound impact on American society. More specifically, this impact is being made on the healthcare system of the US, and the discriminatory practice of “ageism” that older patients currently face. The purpose of this paper is to explore, analyze, and evaluate both the practice of age discrimination in healthcare and the federal policy issues and efforts that are involved with it. The work begins by providing background information on the current demographics of the aging American population and forecasts for the impact this will likely have on the healthcare industry in the near future. It then transitions into a discussion on what ageism is, where its historical roots come from, and where it fits into the federal Fair Labor Act. A review of the literature is then presented, documenting the discrimination that elderly people are subjected to with regards to healthcare. The paper then explores the medical profession itself within this context, with a focus on examining the lack of geriatric training medical professionals receive and the limited number of existing programs designed to train these professionals in geriatrics. Attention is then turned to this issue from a public policy...
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...------------------------------------------------- iNDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PAPER December 15, 2015 December 15, 2015 Contents Introduction 2 Literature review 4 Proponents 4 Opponents 5 Advocate for the two-child policy. 6 Promoting consumption 6 Solving population aging problems 7 Balancing skewed sex ratio 7 Boosting the real estate 8 References 9 Introduction China has resolved to put an end to the three-decade-long one-child policy and each couple are allowed to have two children. Shortly after the announcement of the two-child policy, the article in appendix was written by a professor at Shanghai Academy in China Daily to advocate for the policy. And the target persons are citizens in China who meet the two-child policy requirement. The author used specific statistics to elaborate the population aging problems in current society (Logos). He demonstrated objectively that the two-child policy will benefit China both in the short run and long run and explained the benefits from improving demographic structure problems, boosting development of the service sector, strengthening domestic consumption and increasing innovation (Qu, 2015). The article was published at the right time when the two-child policy has been hotly debated. It would attract attraction of people who focused on this topic. And the author suggested the authorities put the two-child policy into force with assistance of more supportive policies as soon as possible (Kairos). At the beginning...
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...4 > VIEWING HTML W/LINKS Peer-Reviewed Research Article Effects of stress on health and aging: Two paradoxes Authors Carolyn Aldwin, Oregon State University Loriena A. Yancura, University of Hawai'i Publication Information California Agriculture 64(4):183-188. DOI: 10.3733/ca.v064n04p183. October-December 2010. Author Affiliations C.M. Aldwin is Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oregon State University, Manoa. L.A. Yancura is Associate Professor, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Hawai'i, Manoa. Abstract Although older adults are thought to experience more stress and to be more vulnerable to its adverse effects, they often report less stress than younger adults and sometimes show more resilience. Paradoxically, while stress sometimes has long-term positive effects on well-being, studies differ as to whether this increases or decreases with age. We conclude that older individuals have learned to appraise and cope differently with stress. This protects them in spite of their increased physiological vulnerability and may also increase the possibility of stress-related growth and optimal aging. Full Text [View Enlargement] As people age their health trajectories tend to diverge, with some developing multiple chronic conditions and others maintaining good health; stress may play a role in this aspect of aging. Over the past century, remarkable changes have occurred in the life expectancy and quality...
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...Running Head: BRAIN HEALTH IN ASSISTED LIVING Running Head: BRAIN HEALTH IN ASSISTED LIVING Brain Health Knowledge in Assisted Living: Establishing Baseline Information for Interventions to Promote Adaptation and Successful Aging 410 - 01 Research Article Review Final Tammie R. Bryant I. Title At a word count of 17 words, the title is rather long for an average title length. Moreover, it skipped on important information that will let the readers know the jurisdictional or geographical limit of the study by not mentioning “North Carolina” in the main title. However, it does encapsulate the main variable (“brain health knowledge”) and the principal aim “establish baseline information” and rationale (“interventions to promote adaptation and successful aging”) of the study. Although, the part of the rationale (“promote adaptation and successful aging”) provides a clear declaration of the content of the study, it increased the word count by five words (two of which contain 10 letter's each). Alternatively, it could have opted to use a shorter three-word phrase “quality of life” (with no word containing more than six letters), which can adequately represent the content (and mentioned in the first sentence of the abstract) without sacrificing length and, simultaneously, allowing space for the state name in the main title. II. Abstract The American National Standard for writing abstracts requires the presence of four essential elements in the content: purpose, methodology...
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...Life satisfaction among older people (65+) with reduced self-care capacity: the relationship to social, health and financial aspects. Borg C, Hallberg IR, Blomqvist K. Source Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. christel.borg@bth.se Abstract AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at investigating life satisfaction and its relation to living conditions, overall health, self-care capacity, feeling lonely, physical activities and financial resources among people (65+) with reduced self-care capacity. BACKGROUND: Knowledge about factors related to low life satisfaction among older people with reduced self-care capacity is sparse, although this is important in health care and nursing so that the care is adapted to their needs and perspective. Previous research has mainly focused on isolated aspects such as pain in relation to life satisfaction among older people in general and less among so those with reduced self-care capacity in general. DESIGN AND METHOD: A subsample of 522 persons was selected from a randomly selected cross-sectional survey using a modified form of the Older Americans' Resources Schedule and Life Satisfaction Index Z. RESULTS: The mean age in the total sample was 77.9; women (79.5) were significantly older than men (77.0). Low life satisfaction was found among women, as well as those living in special accommodations. Life Satisfaction Index Z was 15.3 (SD 5.6) in the total sample. Gender and living conditions...
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...Treasure Trove of the Aging Workforce Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the diverse workforce with a focus on age diversity. The factors include challenges that can occur in an organization, how to overcome these challenges and benefits of a diverse workplace. This paper is organized by answering three questions around age diversity. The answers consist of various literature reviews and personal insight. Treasure Trove of the Aging Workforce It was once known that the retirement age was 65. That is no longer the case. Employees are no longer retiring, mostly due to the outlaw of mandatory retirement. In addition to not having retirement regulated, people are healthier today due to medical science so they can work longer. With the aging workforce occurring there can be challenges that need to be overcome in order to effectively run an organization in todays world. Aging Diversity What changes in employment relationships are likely to occur as the population ages? Researchers suggest employers have mixed feeling about the aging workforce, however many can be positive. Positive changes in employment relationships that likely will occur can be the increase in work experience, job satisfaction, a strong work ethic, commitment to employer, and to quality of work. Pearson and Judge (2015) state, “ They bring to the job a higher skill level earned through years of experience, remember the organization’s history and know the aging customer base.” However...
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...tenure, education, international experience, and duality - that is, CEO also as board chairman) were significant moderating effects upon international firm performance. Using regression analyses, the researchers concluded that four of the predictors, excluding CEO tenure, had a significant moderating effect upon firm performance. The rationale for the study was described by the researchers as a need to analyze CEO characteristic attributes because such CEO predictors had not been addressed in previous studies of internationalization and firm performance. Therefore, this study appeared to fill a gap in the literature. The three authors seemed to be a well-balanced team to tackle this particular academic issue. They individually had well-suited combinations of experience in finance, risk management, and international business. Literature Review The literature review was extensive and was broken down logically into two main sections: Internationalization/Firm Performance and Upper Echelon/Information Processing theories. Upper Echelon theory and Information Processing theory appeared to adequately address the study’s main thrust of analyzing CEO personal attributes in a complex business setting at the individual level (versus...
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...Literature Review: ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Elderly Care Introduction: Approximately 90% of people who take advantage of the elderly are their own family members. Elder abuse has a negative impact on the victimized elders worldwide. It is defined as intentional actions that cause harm or create a serious risk of harm (whether or not harm is intended) to a vulnerable elder by a caregiver or other person who stands in a trust relationship to the elder. This includes failure by a caregiver to satisfy the elder’s basic needs or to protect the elder from harm (Bonnie, R, & Wallace, R Eds., 2003). Although there is a lack of statistical information of elder abuse, there are sources that provide proof that elder abuse is a bigger issue than people perceive it to be. It can occur in many forms such as physical, emotional, financial and sexual abuse. In this paper, the question being investigated is “How knowledgeable are Barbadians on the effects of elder abuse?” The following literature reviews attempts to answer this question. Review of Findings: Each literature piece that has been reviewed pointed out that elder abuse is a major issue and is a topic that is given little recognition or response. According to Penny Bain and Charmaine Spencer, 2014, about 80% of abuse or neglect of older adults is hidden or goes undetected in Canada. Only about one in five cases of abuse come to the attention...
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