...ADHD is one of the most common childhood disorders, the American Health Institute states “Approximately 3-7% of school-aged children have the disorder. Larger cities may have rates as high as 10-15%. About 4 million children are affected nation wide. “ The earliest your child can get tested is 3 years old, so if you see any symptoms in your child your child should be tested because they may have adhd. Psych Central states “ About 20 to 30 percent of children with ADHD also have a learning disability (LD). This is a problem that is unexpected given the child’s general intelligence In preschool children, this often appears as a difficulty understanding certain sounds or words and/or difficulty in expressing oneself in words. In school age...
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...Medication To Treat ADHD Simi Linton in Reassigning Meaning defines Disability as, “ A physical or psychological condition considered to have predominantly medical significance” (Linton, 282). In Harlan Lane’s article, he writes about people who are deaf and how they now have the option to undergo surgery to have cochlear implants. These implants are electronic devices that stimulate the auditory nerve directly, and provide a sense of sound to one who is deaf or hard of hearing. However, Lane expresses a feeling of disapproval in regards to the cochlear implant. Lane feels as though if a child were to receive the implants, they would lose fundamental value in the deaf community“(Lane, 264). Also, succeeding in the hearing community would be a struggle, resulting in personal/social identity insecurities. However, if someone has an opportunity to improve such an essential sense as hearing, they should most certainly take advantage of it. Treatment for the learning disability ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is an exceptional example because the medication only lasts for a short period of time, and also makes the person taking it, feel and appear different. This treatment can lead to nearly different personalities when someone does or does not take the medication, which often time can lead to personal/social identity issues and other insecurities. ADHD testing involves assessing one’s strengths and weakness’ in school functioning. Many children display...
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...Williams 1 Running head: ADULTS LIVING WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER Adults Living with Attention Deficit Disorder and How It Effects Their Lives Esha Williams Limestone University Author Note This paper was prepared for Intro to Success, ID 201. Taught By Ms. Johnson. Williams 2 ADULTS LIVING WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER Abstract This paper is Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) in adults and the effects is has on their personal and professional live. It explains many difficulties and challenges they face. Medications that are available to help with the disorder and how if treatment is received you can live a more successful life. I discuss the three subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Sign and symptoms of adults with ADHD/ADD. Types of medication that can be prescribed to help with symptoms. Different techniques that can be used to help cope more effectively with the disorder. I also shared my own personal issues with being diagnosed. Listed below the reference materials I used for this paper. Nationa Institue of Mental Health (2010). Gabor, Mate'. Scattered: How Attention Deficit Disorder Originates and What You Can Do About It. New York: Dutton by the Penguin Group, 1999. Gunter, J. "An update on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder." American Psychological Assocation (2013): Formulary, 48(3), 98-109. "National Institue of Mental Health." (2010). Schwarz, Alan and Sarah Cohen. "More Diagnoses of A.D.H.D Causing...
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...Psychological Illness on Nutrition Assignment # 6 <Add Learner comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Faculty Use Only ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty comments here> Impact of Psychological Illness on Nutrition Healthy nutrition is often a reflection of healthy living in general. Psychosocial behaviors, psychological illness, cognitive deficiencies, and body image are among the many behavioral and psychosocial factors that can have an impact on nutrition. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is amongst the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children, with a prevalence rate as high as four percent to twelve percent in school-aged children (Juneja, Jain, Singh, & Mallika, 2010). It has been estimated for school aged boys to be three times more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than school age girls; no explanation for this disproportional rate has yet to be provided This mental disorder is usually accompanied by depression, mood disorders,...
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...attempted to address several issues regarding antipsychotic drugs used to treat school-aged children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The distribution of these ADHD medications have steadily increased over the years, which has, on one hand, presented a possible solution to the escalating diagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, and on the latter, brought into question the ethics and effectiveness of these medications. Health officials, parents, and the children themselves struggle to come to an agreement when deciding whether or not medication is the best solution. The Debate Over Medicating Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder In the spring of 2004, Jacqueline A. Sparks, an associate professor of family therapy at the University of Rhode Island, and Barry L. Duncan, a cofounder of the Institute for the Study of Therapeutic Change, investigated the ethics and effectiveness behind the distribution of ADHD medications as a modern treatment method for children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Even though, “appropriate identification and treatment of symptoms for psychiatric illnesses (such as ADHD) during childhood and adolescence is critical” (ScienceDaily). Sparks and Duncan note that, “ADHD is arguably the most controversial topic in recent mental health history. The ADHD diagnosis is not defined by a biological marker (Leo & Cohen, 33), but is rather subjective and not easily distinguished from the everyday behavior...
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...Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a very complex disorder and for many individuals suffering from ADHD, their daily struggle with this disorder can be very frustrating and debilitating at times. Throughout the years, it has been known that genetics has a strong link to the cause ADHD as well as the psychotropics being prescribed by Mental Health Professionals to assist in the management of ADHD. However, data supports in the past decade there has been an explosion with ADHD individuals, specifically children being treated by the pharmacological modality rather than the behavioral modification or family psychotherapy. The old analogy of take two pills and call your doctor in the morning is becoming the norm in today’s society. This Reflective Paper will provide a multi-systemic approach which addresses the following topics: (1) the genetic link to ADHD, (2) population trends of psychotropic use, (3) concerns for the safety and efficacy of children have risen due to the lack of studies. The Genetic Link to ADHD Several decades of study has shown Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) to be a neurobiological disorder. Research has shown other contributing causes of ADHD can be caused by environmental (home, school etc.), brain dysfunction and toxins found in food additives, yet strong supporting data can be found in genetic studies too. Researchers have concluded the phenotypic display of ADHD is attributed...
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...Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? Page 4 Possible Symptoms of ADHD Page 5-6 Possible Causes of ADHD Page 7-10 Possible Treatments for ADHD Page 11-12 Medication for ADHD Page 13 Evaluation Page 14 Conclusion Page 15 Bibliography Page 16-17 Introduction As part of the assessment in my Psychology module, my tutor has asked me to select an illness for my second assignment. The assignment must be informative and well researched. I am expected to cover the basics of the illness. I have decided to do my assignment on (ADHD) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, I have chosen this disorder as I have not got much knowledge or proper understanding of it and would like to educate myself more and file it in my brain with all the other illnesses/disorders I do know about. ADHD is a well known disorder yet there seems to be a lot of confusion on the topic also. Within the assignment I plan to research the topic to the best of my ability through media, books, magazine, internet and organisations where it is possible. I will cover the causes, symptoms, treatments, look into help groups and centres, my aim is to get a clearer understanding of how the disorder comes about basically live the life of an ADHD patient and see how life is through their eyes. I will finish my assignment with...
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...Question 1: Explain with an example of counselling problem, how you would apply one theory of learning to solve a problem? Learning is defined as a permanent change in behavior, through experience, study or instructions. Learning theories generally explain how people learn. Ogbebor (2007), states that theory of learning tends to probe into the ways learning occur in animal and man. Learning theories are generally classified into three categories which are; The Behaviorist Theory, The Cognitive Field Theory and the Social Learning Theory. However, there is a fourth theory of learning, which is known as the Humanistic Learning Theory. The importance of learning theories cannot be over-emphasized as they give us an in-depth knowledge of how human beings and animals learn and this knowledge tend to help us develop and modify appropriate ways of teaching the learners. The purpose of this paper is to show how we can possibly use one of these learning theories to solve a counselling problem and it is the desire or this writer therefore, to focus on the behaviorist learning theory which believes that learning occurs as a result of stimulus – response association and the interest of this group is on the overt behavior or human beings. Prominent among these exponents, are; The Russian scientist, Ivan Pavlov, Edward L. Thorndike, B. F. Skinner, Watson, Guthrie and C.L. Hull, among others. Beneath the behaviorist theory are the following behavioral therapies which are; the classical...
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...Checklist for Diagnosing ADHD 6 Figure 1. DSM-IV Checklist for Diagnosing ADHD 6 1.3 Associated Conditions 7 1.4 Prognosis 7 1.5 Aetiology 7 1.5.1 Genetics 8 1.5.2 Environmental Influences 8 1.5.3 Essential Fatty Acids 8 1.5.4 Food Sensitivities 9 1.5.5 Heavy Metal Toxicity 9 1.5.6 Nutrient deficiencies 9 1.5.7 Pregnancy/birth trauma 10 1.5.8 Hypoglycaemia 10 1.5.9 Digestive 10 1.5.10 Thyroid 11 1.6 Clinical Management 11 1.7 Understanding the Role of Essential Fatty Acids 12 1.7.1 What are Essential Fatty Acids? 12 Figure 2. Major Food Sources of Essential Fatty Acids 12 Figure 3. Omega-3 and Omega-6 metabolic pathways 13 1.7.2 Essential Fatty Acids and Brain Function 13 1.7.3 Physical Signs of Fatty Acid Deficiency 14 2.0 Literature Review 15 2.1 DHA Supplementation 15 2.2 Combined DHA, EPA, GLA Supplementation 18 2.3 Combined EPA, DHA, ALA Supplementation 19 2.4 ALA Supplementation 22 2.5 Summary of studies reviewed 23 Figure 4. Summary of Studies Reviewed 23 3.0 Discussion 24 3.1 Future Research 27 4.0 Conclusion 28 5.0 Nutritional Strategy 29 5.1 Benchmarking 29 5.2 Dietary Strategy 29 5.3 Lifestyle Strategy 29 5.4 General Supplement programme 30 6.0 Acknowledgements 31 7.0 References and Bibliography 32 7.1 Primary References 32 7.2 Secondary References 34 7.3 Bibliography 35 8.0 Appendix 36 8.1 Glossary 36 Abstract Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a diagnostic label...
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...SYMPTOM CHECKER PHYSICIAN DIRECTORYSIGN IN SIGN UPSUBSCRIBE WebMD: Better information. Better health. HEALTH A-Z DRUGS & SUPPLEMENTS LIVING HEALTHY FAMILY & PREGNANCY NEWS & EXPERTS Search Common ConditionsVIEW ALL ADD/ADHD Allergies Arthritis Cancer Cold, Flu & Cough Depression Diabetes Eye Health Heart Disease Heartburn/GERD Pain Management Sexual Conditions Skin Problems Sleep Disorders Featured Topics See What Severe Psoriasis Looks Like 16 Tips to Help You Get Organized Feeling Your Best When You Have MS Symptom CheckerWebMD Symptom Checker Health Concern On Your Mind? See what your medical symptoms could mean, and learn about possible conditions. Get Started Resources SECOND OPINION Read expert perspectives on popular health topics COMMUNITIES Connect with people like you, and get expert guidance on living a healthy life INSURANCE GUIDE Get ready for changes to your health care coverage PHYSICIAN DIRECTORY Find a doctor in your area Pain Coach WebMD Pain Coach AppTrack your pain levels, triggers, and treatments. Set goals and get tips with our app. Download Find Information About: Drugs & Supplements Get information and reviews on prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and supplements. Search by name or medical condition. Find or Review a Drug Find or Review a Vitamin or Supplement Check for Drug Interactions Drugs Basics & Safety Commonly Abused Drugs What's Your Medication...
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...Annathur.Kalingan Wednesday, April 18, 2012 W201527095 TEST.III Learning Objectives & Review of Chapters.8, 9 &10. Chapter.8. Schizophrenia Objective.1. Discuss the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, as well as the current criteria for brief psychotic disorder. What is the typical age of onset? What percent of people will develop this schizophrenia? Following is the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. i. Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated): 1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence) 4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior. 5. Negative symptoms, (affective flattening, alogia, or avolition ii. For a significant portion of the time since the onset of the disturbance, one or more major areas of functioning such as work or school, interpersonal relations, or self-care is markedly below the level expected for the individual or achieved prior to the onset. iii. Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This 6-month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms (or less if successfully treated) that meet Criterion A and may include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms. During these prodromal or residual periods, the signs of the disturbance may be manifested by only negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in Criterion...
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...hundreds of times a day and rarely ever touches any thing before disinfecting it and himself. This is what millions of people suffering from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) deal with every day. OCD has many shapes and sizes which make it incredibly complex to diagnose and treat. Since there is not a cure or a known cause for OCD, there are just theories, studies, and good judgments to go by in order to help patients who suffer from OCD. According to Jeffrey Schmwartz M.D. “no one really knows why some people develop the disorder and other’s do not”. Men and women are equally likely to suffer from OCD except for children. Male children are more likely to get OCD and it is usually linked to an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). “Symptoms usually begin in individuals aged ten to twenty four years old” (Aronson, Sarah C. MD. pg.2). Studies from National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) say 9.7 percent of the sufferers have OCD by ages five to ten, 20.8 percent of the sufferers have it by ages ten to fifteen, and 41.9 percent by ages fifteen to twenty (Penzel, Fred Ph.D pg. 151). Regrettably at this time there is no way of knowing who will get this disorder, because it is not yet known why people develop the disorder. Until science can uncover the root of this problem, we must work off of theories and studies which somewhat relate, and hope they relieve the patient of their fears and obsessions. Determining a direct cause of OCD would be quite difficult...
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...Conduct disorder Email this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version Conduct disorder is a disorder of childhood and adolescence that involves long-term (chronic) behavior problems, such as: * Defiant or impulsive behavior * Drug use * Criminal activity Causes Conduct disorder has been associated with: * Child abuse * Drug addiction or alcoholism in the parents * Family conflicts * Genetic defects * Poverty The diagnosis is more common among boys. It is hard to know how common the disorder is, because many of the qualities needed to make the diagnosis (such as "defiance" and "rule breaking") can be hard to define. For an accurate diagnosis, the behavior must be far more extreme than simple adolescent rebellion or boyish enthusiasm. Conduct disorder is often associated with attention-deficit disorder. Both conditions carry a risk for alcohol or other drug addiction. Conduct disorder also can be an early sign of depression or bipolar disorder. Symptoms Children with conduct disorder tend to be impulsive, hard to control, and not concerned about the feelings of other people. Symptoms may include: * Breaking rules without obvious reason * Cruel or aggressive behavior toward people or animals (for example: bullying, fighting, using dangerous weapons, forcing sexual activity, and stealing) * Failure to attend school (truancy -- beginning before age 13) * Heavy drinking and/or...
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...Long Paper Outline Thesis: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders (DSM) is not an appropriate tool for psychiatrists when diagnosing mental disorders. Argument: The DSM is used in many psychiatry offices to diagnose their patients, but it fails to look at each individual case independently of the others. For example if a person shows symptoms of depression over a two week period, the DSM immediately categorizes them as having depression. This person might have depression but there are many other factors to take into consideration. In everyone’s day to day lives there will always be pain and sadness, but this does not mean that everyone is depressed. Someone could have lost of a loved one, changed their location of living or just had bad two weeks, but if they show the signs of depression the DSM immediately classifies them with depression and pushes for medication. Of course there a good number of times the DSM is correct but everyone is different and lives different lives. Another thing that the DSM does not do is realize that one symptom could be the symptom for many different disorders. For example if one goes to the doctor with a cough, the doctor realizes that there could be many different reasons for this cough and many different illnesses a person could have. According to the DSM a group of symptoms categorized under a disorder means those symptoms only mean that illness, nothing else. Why is it that illnesses with one’s brain is thought of as so...
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...Abstract Children and adolescents who engage in and antisocial behaviors repeatedly, exhibit a persistent pattern of antisocial behavior that significantly impairs everyday functioning in the contexts of the school, home and the community. Preventing and treating aggressive behaviors in children and youth encompasses a combination of cognitive, behavioral interventions, and parental training and increased school involvement and is targeted to the reduction of dysfunctional cognitive, behavioral, and problem-solving patterns of aggressive youths. Keywords: aggression, antisocial behavior, children, adolescence, conduct disorders, behavioral problems, development and intervention. Introduction The display of aggressive behaviors by children and youths in Trinidad and Tobago is one of the most pressing concerns facing parents and teachers today. As a result, students with significant behavioral concerns or educational disabilities are clustered together into alternative educational programs. As a result, increased inclusion of disturbed and socially maladjusted students, including those with histories of aggression and violence, is related to an overall increase in school aggression and violence. Aggressive antisocial behavior appears to be a developmental trait that begins early in life and often continues into adolescence and adulthood. For many youths, stable manifestations of antisocial behavior begin as early as pre-elementary school (Emond, Ormel, Veenstra, & Oldehinkel...
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