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Long Island Case Study Geography

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Long Island took more than 450 million years to develop into the geography we inhabit present day. Long Island’s geologic history began when future North America (known as Laurentia) collided with continental fragments, resulting in a foundation of consolidated hard rock. Several hundred million years of continental collisions and separations formed the Appalachian Mountains, whose eroding streams delivered Long Island’s sedimentary layer of sand, silt and clay. Over the next 63 million years, erosion continues to carve out valleys that will eventually become the Long Island Sound and bays off the North Shore.

The next stage of growth is a result of approximately 4 Glaciers delivering the top layers of Long Island over thousands of years.

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