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Louis Phillipe

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Submitted By macbride
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Louis Philippe (The July Monarchy) 1830-1848
Note Structure (based on “France 1814-70: Monarchy, Republic and Empire”- Randell)
A. Summary of the period

The revolution of July 1830 brought to power LouisPhilippe and established a regime variously known as the July Monarchy, the Bourgeois Monarchy, or the Orleanist Monarchy. The wealthy middle class believed they had a monarch they could control though Louis Philippe was determined not to be a puppet. During this period France underwent the beginnings of an industrial revolution and for the first time the condition of the industrial masses became a political issue. Despite growing opposition to the regime the government refused to consider any major reform of the political system. Following a period of recession (1846-8) there was a revolution in Paris in1848 which ended Louis Philippe’s rule and brought in the Second Republic.
B. The Regime Established p37-39

Use the text to expand on the following bullet points : • • Those who had brought Charles X down did not agree on what should take his place – what did the different groups want? Louis Philippe seemed to be obvious choice – why? - mention social connections - his revolutionary pedigree What kind of man did Louis Philippe seem to be? Include his good points and bad points



P40-1 • There were major differences between the regimes of the Bourbons and the Orleanists – on what basis did Louis Philippe hold power? What symbolic changes were made? P42-3 • Few real changes made to the constitution – include details on - changes in franchise (voting qualifications) & electorate - impact of these on the French people • True to say that few changes had been made? • Who now held power?

Page1

C. The Regime Consolidated (p43-45) Include : No early guarentee of long term survival (explain why) - reliance on National Guard (who were they ?) to protect the regime - the King's own bravery - showing good sense in early days - good appointment in Guizot. D. The fall of the Regime
a) Long term causes

(i) Basic weaknesses of the regime (p45-47) Include : a) It could be argued that the fall was inevitable' - why was the Orleanist monarcy only a 'useful compromise' ? b) What were the alternatives that were available ? (need details) c) How successful had been the attempts by Louis Napoleon at seizing power in 1836 and 1840 ?
b)

Attitudes & actions of Louis Philippe (p47-)

Include : d) In what ways did the personality and life style of the king help to reduce his support ? 3. Foreign policy (p50-3)[You should also refer to Cowie & Wolfson] Include a. b. c. d. e. f. What seemed to be the basic conflict between the aims of the French people and those of Louis-Philippe ? Louis-Philippe wanted to follow a peaceful foreign policy - how did the situation over Belgium threaten this ? How did a crisis in the Near East in 1839-40 nearly involve France in a European war ? How would you describe relations between Britain & France between 1841-6 ? How did the Spanish Marriages threaten Anglo-French relations ? According to Randall how important a factor was Louis Philippe's foreign policy in the downfall of his regime ?

c) Domestic Policy (p53-6)

Include : d) What was the attitude of.Louis-Philippe towards the political system in France ? e) How strong was the demand for the extension of the vote ? f) There was little in the way of social reform 1830-48 - was this important ? g) What was the aim of the Reform Banquets & how did they lead to the downfall of the regime ? E. Summary of reign & conclusions 'The government was not overthrown, it was allowed to fall.' How accurate is this as an assessment ? ,Read the Conclusion p56-58. Identify the different conclusions drawn about the causes of the 1848 Revolution in France. What do you consider to be the main factors in the downfall of the Orleanist Monarchy ? Page 2

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