...cycles. All the other cycles. That’s what it’s all about, and it’s all forgot.” —Gary Snyder. “To/From Lew” July 2000 © Sustainability Institute PO Box 174 Hartland Four Corners VT 05049 Inquiries to d.meadows@dartmouth.edu Table of Contents Commodity Project Background ...................................................................................... page 2 The Shrimp System .......................................................................................................... page 3 Wild Shrimp Fisheries Shrimp Aquaculture Model Purpose and Development..................................................................................... page 4 Model Structure ................................................................................................................ page 5 Scenarios from the Model................................................................................................. page 9 Scenario 1: Unbounded Aquaculture Scenario 2: The Environment Strikes Back Scenario 3: Help for the Fishery Scenario 4: Best Practice for the Shrimp Farmers Summary of Dynamic Lessons ....................................................................................... page 12 Notes on Process to Date ................................................................................................ page 13 Future Plans .................................................................................................................... page 16 Acknowledgements .....
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...3 employees' neglect of duties and increasing competitive aquaculture industry has made AFC's position at a disadvantage. Therefore, they determined to implement proper strategies (diversifyinto shellfish farming or Project Blue Wave) to enhance its profitability in a better way. The detail of analysis will be shown in the following report. Based on the analysis, the proper recommendation for AFC is to diversifyits shellfish farming by leasing theblue mussel farm site in PEI, which could provide an upward progitability in the future. To achieve its strategic goals, AFC should provide anappropriate inplementation plan: • Training new employees for mussel farm site • Improving oversea shipment system • Maintaining high quality to create reputation in oversea market Introduction Currently, all the internal and external factors (such as the growing intense competition of aquaculture industry, AFC's Site 4 quality issue, Site 3 employees issue, and seasonal gap of this industry) put AFC in negative position. This report will explain the curent situation for AFC, analyze alternatives quantitatively and qualitatively, and provide the proper recommendation to help AFC meet its strategic goals. Situation Analysis • Mission and Vision Vision: AFC feeds the global community Mission: AFC provides a sustaintable source of fresh, disease-free fish to domestic and export markets through aquaculture farming. AFC strives to exceed environmental and quality...
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...ABSTRACT This paper studied to identify the barriers of this entrepreneurship and the reason behind the emergence of those barriers that will help the farmers to have smooth business which will ultimately lead to a successful growth and development of pond fish culture of Bangladesh. The population of this study consisted of 252 fish farmers of the selected villages of Faridgonj upazila of Chandpur district. Required data are collected by personal interviewing of the respondents. From the study it can be seen that unavailability of proper information, lack of proper knowledge on pond management and unavailability of credit has been considered as the potential barriers of pond fish culture entrepreneurships. It is also observed that education, age, family size, income from pond fish culture, availability of information sources has significant impact on pond fish culture entrepreneurships. This study will help the concern policy makers to concentrate on the major barriers of pond field culture and to take appropriate initiative to eliminate those barriers of pond fish culture for the purpose of ensuring the significant contribution of pond fish culture in the economy of Bangladesh. This research will also help other researchers to conduct similar researches. Keywords: Pond fish culture, entrepreneurships, barriers, technical knowledge, pond management. Statement of the problem The fishery sector is an integral part of the economy of Bangladesh. This sector is playing...
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...Porter's Diamond of National Advantage (Part I) Classical theories of international trade propose that comparative advantage resides in the factor endowments that a country may be fortunate enough to inherit. Factor endowments include land, natural resources, labor, and the size of the local population. Michael E. Porter argued that a nation can create new advanced factor endowments such as skilled labor, a strong technology and knowledge base, government support, and culture. Porter used a diamond shaped diagram as the basis of a framework to illustrate the determinants of national advantage. This diamond represents the national playing field that countries establish for their industries. The complete Porter’s Diamond system (Porter, 1998, pg 127) The individual points on the diamond and the diamond as a whole affect four ingredients that lead to a national comparative advantage. These ingredients are: The availability of resources and skills, Information that firms use to decide which opportunities to pursue with those resources and skills, The goals of individuals in companies, The pressure on companies to innovate and invest. The points of the diamond are described as follows: I. Factor Conditions A country creates its own important factors such as skilled resources and technological base. The stock of factors at a given time is less important than the extent that they are upgraded and deployed. Local disadvantages in factors of production force...
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...Supply Chain of Shrimp Production in Thailand 1 Introduction The increased world market demand for shrimp has led many developing countries to enter this appealing market through massive use of shrimp farms which has had a significant impact on the world's mangrove forests because of over production and lack of care for the environment. Thailand has become the world's leader in shrimp exports, and in turn, the greatest violator of mangrove conservation. The Thai shrimp farming industry started to boom in the 1980s and was subsidized by the government. Thailand quickly became an important shrimp export industry and has been the world's largest producer of tiger shrimp since 1991. Because of the financial incentives of producing shrimp from the viewpoint of a farmer are much more attractive, more and more farmers switch from growing rice to producing shrimp. In 2009 Thailand produced over 539,000 tons of shrimp. Due to this rapid expansion and the shift into shrimp farms across Thailand, mangrove ecosystems and other parts of agricultural land have been exploited of their natural resources. The United States and Japan are the largest export markets for Thai shrimp and the demand is steadily increasing. Therefore the Thai shrimp industry has to find ways in which they can cater to the increasing demand while reducing the exploitation of their natural resources. In recent years the government stepped in and created laws to deal with shrimp farmers who damage the fragile ecosystem...
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...Coastal Resources Management, Policy and Planning In Bangladesh Md. Masudur Rahman, Zubair Ahmed Chowdhury and Md. Nasir Uddin Sada Department of Fisheries Bangladesh Rahman M.M, Z.A Chowdhury and M.N.U Sada. 2003. Coastal resources management, policy and planning in Bangladesh, p. 689 - 756. In G. Silvestre, L. Garces, I. Stobutzki, M. Ahmed, R.A. Valmonte-Santos, C. Luna, L. Lachica-Aliño, P. Munro, V. Christensen and D. Pauly (eds.) Assessment, Management and Future Directions for Coastal Fisheries in Asian Countries. WorldFish Center Conference Proceeding 67, 1 120 p. Abstract This paper reviews the coastal fishery resources of Bangladesh emphasizing the coastal environment, capture fisheries and management issues relative to the sector. Bangladesh’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers an area of about 166 000 km2. This area has abundant natural resources such as fish, shrimps, crabs and other marine products. Shrimp and fish trawling is the most important economic activity in this area. The fishery sector makes a significant contribution to the national economy in terms of foreign exchange, income generation and employment. It is very important in nutrition, especially in providing animal protein. In 1997 - 99, the marine fisheries sector contributed 22% of the total fishery production of 1 373 000 t. However, the resources are being destroyed in many ways. The fisheries resources have declined and fishers are getting poorer. The decline is partly due to estuarine...
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...Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study One of the major sources of protein in human diet is fish. In fact, marine animals were assumed by ancient writers to be symbols of good health. However, nowadays, marine animals are far from being representatives of good health. They are subjected to diseases just as much as their terrestrial counterparts. Disease, in fishes, is closely linked to environmental stress. In the wild, they generally have some degree of freedom to modify their environment. They can move to more suitable conditions if faced with a negative environmental change such as a reduction in oxygen level. In culture conditions, on the other hand, they have limited opportunity to choose their external environmental conditions. Most individual fish, may it be in wild or cultivated populations are infected with parasites. The number of parasites necessary to cause harm to the fish varies considerably with the species and size of the host and its health status. Many parasite species are host-specific to at least some degree and are capable of infecting one or only a limited number of host species. Parasites disease of fish (and livestock) reduces the amount of food available to people around the globe. This is why many researchers mention that it is imperative to investigate the relationship between the environmental factors which affects the parasites that affect production and quality. Even today, it remains difficult to convince governments and...
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...I. Background Mr. Luciano Aquino Jr. is a fish vendor who lives in Floridablanca, Pampanga with his wife. He currently has no children. The interviewers do believe that he is very successful in his business because he now has a car and a beautiful house. Besides selling fish, he also breeds dogs. He believes that one should love the business he or she set up and not let vices hinder the growth of it. II. Questions 1. What does he sell? Mr. Aquino sells tilapia and bangus. 2. Where does he get his supply and from whom? For the tilapia, he gets it delivered from Porac. For the bangus, he picks up the fish from Porac early in the morning or gets it from two friendly suppliers named Sherly and Erwin. 3. What is his buying price for the farm product that he sells? • He buys tilapia for 83 pesos • He buys bangus for 120 pesos. 4. What is his selling price for the farm product that he sells? • He sells tilapia for 90 pesos • He sells bangus is sold for 140 pesos 5. How much is your mark up over your buying price? • For tilapia, the mark up is 7 pesos. Sometimes, it goes up to 10 pesos • For bangus, the mark up is 20 pesos. So his profit equation comes to: Profit1= 7QT + 20QB-FC Profit2= 10QT + 20QB-FC 6. How and when does he adjust prices? According to Mr. Aquino, prices are adjusted when there are storms which can lessen their produce. Less supply calls for a higher price so that supply will meet demand. Adjustments to prices also depend on the...
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...utilization and an increasing demand for aquatic products; so recently marine aquaculture is one of the most important and quickest growing industries in the world (Asche, 2008). This industry is a substitute for the traditional forms of fish supply and an important source of protein for the growing human population and can relieve the pressures on marine and coastal ecosystems (Lucas and Southgate, 2012). In addition, marine aquaculture can contribute to food security (Godfray et al., 2010; FAO, 2014). Capture fishery production has been relatively static since the late 1980s, while aquaculture has grown considerably in this period (FAO, 2016). World per capita apparent fish consumption increased...
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...Chapter One Introduction of Business 1.1 The company Mardi Khola Agro Farming Pvt. Ltd is the newly privately owned agro farming organization, will soon established at middle of Hemja and Lahachok VDC. It will situated at near the Mardi Khola beach with own 14 ropani land and sufficient natural crystal clear glacier water. It will firstly offer the fresh trout fish which is famous for boneless and with high protein and hygienic. Mardi Khola Agro Farming Pvt. Ltd is established by four energetic young entrepreneurs with initial capital of 1core. They will be able to utilize the waste water into best productive assets. As Mardi khola is famous for Aasala Fish same like we hope our fishery project will be famous for trout fish. 1.1.1 Corporate Vision “ to exploit the useless natural resources into agro productive assets and contribute to the agro economics of the country.” 1.1.2 Corporate Mission “ to be the number one agro business organization in the South Asia” 1.1.3 Objectives of the Company • Establish the product lines that are eco friendly, organic and hygienic. • Use the resources that are neglected and wastage. • Offer product and service that are common to the customer, but without artificially added ingredients value added ie naturally. 1.1.4 Company Ownership The Mardi Khola Agro Farming Pvt. Ltd will be founded and owned by Buddhi Karki. Being one of the MBA degree holder of the Pokhara University, the core interest...
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...catfish Culture-based fisheries in Lao Changing face of carp culture Providing Claims Services to the Aquaculture Industry Algae blooms Disease Large scale Weather losses Mass escape Non-compliance Pollution & Environmental contamination Predators Super chill Theft Damage to equipment, cages, moorings A global network of offices in 63 countries, provides local expertise in a rapidly growing aquaculture industry. Specialists available in Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Greece, Holland, Hong Kong, Italy, Norway, Spain, South Africa, UAE, United Kingdom and United States. For more information contact Mark Vos, tel: + 31 6 21 544 344 or markvos@crawco.nl Aquaculture Asia is an autonomous publication that gives people in developing countries a voice. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the contributors and do not represent the policies or position of NACA. Editorial Board Wing-Keong Ng M.C. Nandeesha Editor Simon Wilkinson simon@enaca.org Editorial Assistant Phinyada Sompuech Editorial Consultant Pedro Bueno NACA An intergovernmental organization that promotes rural development through sustainable aquaculture. NACA seeks to improve rural income, increase food production and foreign exchange earnings and to diversify farm production. The ultimate beneficiaries of NACA activities are farmers and rural communities. Contact The Editor, Aquaculture Asia PO Box 1040 Kasetsart Post Office Bangkok 10903, Thailand Tel +66-2 561 1728 Fax +66-2 561 1727 Email: magazine@enaca...
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...produced fish feed: potentials for aquaculture development in subsaharan Africa U.U. Gabriel1, O. A Akinrotimi2, D. O. Bekibele2, D. N Onunkwo2 and P. E. Anyanwu3 Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environment, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, P.M.B 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. 2 African Regional Aquaculture Centre/Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B 5122, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. 3 Aquaculture Division, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 12729, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. Accepted 30 May, 2007 1 Aquaculture development and growth in Africa have been on low ebb despite the vast aquatic resources that abounds on the continent. Since the introduction of aquaculture to Africa, some decades ago, there have been a lot of innovations, technological advancement and progress in the areas of genetics, seed propagation, pond construction and farm management in general. Despite breakthroughs recorded in these areas most farmers in Africa still rely heavily on imported feed ingredients and fish feeds from European countries, which makes fish farming expensive as fish feed account for at least 60% of the total cost of production. This has contributed in no small measure to the slow pace at which aquaculture is advancing in Africa. This article, however reviewed critically the potentials of locally manufactured fish feed in enhancing, improving and sustaining aquaculture development in Africa. Various methods...
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...Policy Research – Implications of Liberalization of Fish Trade for Developing Countries Trade Issues Background Paper: The Impact of Dumping on Trade in Fisheries Products Nigel Peacock Project PR 26109 July 2004 Support unit for International Fisheries & Aquatic Research SIFAR Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Rome 1 THE IMPACT OF DUMPING ON TRADE IN FISHERIES PRODUCTS This report forms part of a wider study on “Policy Research – Implications of Liberalization of Fish Trade for Developing Countries”, comprising five trade issues background papers and five country case studies. The trade issues background papers are dealing with the following topics: • Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary (SPS) Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) • Ethical/Social/Eco Certification, Labelling and Guidelines • The Impact of Subsidies on Trade in Fisheries Products • The Impact of Dumping on Trade in Fisheries Products • Fiscal Reforms and Trade in Fisheries Products The case studies cover the following countries: • Bangladesh • Guinea • India • Uganda • Vietnam For a synthesis of the entire study including policy recommendations, see: Bostock, T., Greenhalgh, P. and Kleih, U. (2004), Policy Research – Implications of Liberalization of Fish Trade for Developing Countries – Synthesis Report. Chatham, UK: Natural Resources Institute. ISBN 0 85954 560-1. Copies of the various reports are available on the following websites: • www.onefish.org/id/225570...
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... Introduction The bata, Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822) is one of the endangered minor carp species of Bangladesh. L. bata is distributed throughout Indian subcontinent including Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Myanmar and also Pakistan (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991; Devi and Ali, 2013). This fish is commercially important and target species for commercial small and large scale fishers in Bangladesh. It is also used by both culture and capture fisheries nowadays. L. bata is highly popular in the market because of its high nutritional value, good taste and qualities (Bhuiyan, 1964). This fish contains about 15.42% of protein and 3.73% of lipid (Ahmed et al., 2012). L. bata is a freshwater fish in Bangladesh. This species is a non-migratory fish and remains in one habitat through-out its life (Mathur, 1973). It lives in small rivers, canals, haors, baors, ponds and ditches. L. bata is known as the mid-feeder with a habit of a benthopelagic and potamodromous fish. Also, it is an herbivorous column feeder (Devi and Ali, 2013). In Bangladesh, the spawning season of bata ranges from June to October (Rahman, 2005). Average fecundity of L.bata was recorded 192785 eggs/kg body weight of female (Siddique et al., 1976). At the time of first sexual maturity the size of bata fishes are 14.12 and 14.60 cm in total length for male and female respectively (Hossen et al., 2014). In recent years, the natural stocks of bata fishes have declined due to loss of habitat and overexploitation, indiscriminate...
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...TOW10109329 TOW10109329 HND BUILDING SERVICES HND BUILDING SERVICES ENVIRONMENTAL SUTAINABILIT ENVIRONMENTAL SUTAINABILIT Contents 1. Introduction 2 1.1Brief 2 2. Environmental Issue 2 2.1 Overfishing 2 3 Journal Articles 3 3.1 Article 1 3 3.2 Article 2 3 3.3 Article 3 4 4. Improvement Options 5 4.1 Fish Farming 5 4.2 Advantages 5 4.3 Disadvantages 6 4.4 Payback 6 4.5 ByCatch 7 4.6 Advantages 7 4.7 Disadvantages 7 4.8 Payback 7 5. Self Reflection 8 6. Appendices 9 7. Bibliography 10 1. Introduction 1.1 Brief For this assignment we are to choose a negative environmental issue for our home country, which has national importance. We will produce a case study which includes an evaluation of three different ways in which we can improve the status quo. The report will include * An introduction of the issue. * A summary of at least three journal articles relevant to the issue. * Evaluation of your three improvement options. * Self-reflection on how you could improve the work that I have submitted for this assignment. 2. Environmental Issue 2.1 Overfishing The environmental issue I have chosen for this assignment is Ocean Overfishing. Overfishing is when a particular type of fish is harvested so often and in such great numbers that the population of that fish is severely depleted, resulting in endangerment and potential extinction. This generally is the result of commercial, rather than recreational...
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