...REVISTA DE SOCIOLOGÍA, Nº 28 (2013) pp. 31-49 Elites, political elites and social change in modern societies1 Luis Garrido Vergara* Resumen Los estudios académicos acerca de las élites políticas poseen una vibrante historia reciente. El objetivo aquí es proveer un resumen selectivo de esa historia, enfocándose en la importancia de la distinción social y en las teorías de la estructura de poder como el marco teórico para comprender la influencia de las élites políticas en el cambio social. Dado que nuevas perspectivas y preocupaciones han surgido en este campo, la organización de este artículo no es completamente cronológica. Aunque puedan haberse ignorado muchas contribuciones relevantes, la intención aquí es brindar algún sentido de la riqueza e importancia de lo que han logrado los académicos acerca de la relación entre élites y representación, los vínculos entre élites, democracia y cambio social y las teorías de la estructura de poder. En este artículo también se estudia hasta qué grado la introducción de una nueva metodología de investigación por parte de la teoría de la dominación de clase de Domhoff abrió una nueva perspectiva en los estudios sobre las élites. Finalmente, se presentan una estrategia de investigación para las élites y dos conclusiones principales. Palabras clave: Élites políticas - cambio social - estructura de poder - representación. Abstract Scholarly studies of elites and political elites have a vibrant recent history. My aim here is to provide a selective...
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...within the common flow of conversation in sentences and paragraphs, while poetry refers to those expressions in verse, with measure and rhyme, line and stanza and has a more melodious tone. I. Prose There are many types of prose. These include novels, biographies, short stories, contemporary dramas, legends, fables, essays, anecdotes, news and speeches. 1. Novel. This is a long narrative divided into chapters. The events are taken from true-to-life stories and spans a long period of time. There are many characters involved. 2. Short Story. This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot, and one single impression. 3. Plays. This is presented in a stage. It is divided into acts and each act has many scenes. 4. Legends. These are fictitious narratives, usually about origins. 5. Fables. These are fictitious and they deal with animals and inanimate things who speak and act like people and their purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes. 6. Anecdotes. These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader. 7. Essay. This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event. 8. Biography. This deals with the life of a person which may be about himself, his autobiography or that of others. 9. News. This is a report of everyday events in society, government, science and industry, and accidents,...
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...SHORT HISTORY OF THE ILOILO PROVINCIAL HIGH SCHOOL The Iloilo National High School (INHS) is a provincial high School located in Iloilo City, Philippines. The history of the Iloilo High School dates back to the later part of 1902 when a school called the Iloilo Normal School was established in a two-storey building in front of and across the street of the present Provincial Building (now Casa Plaza) to meet the future need for Filipino teachers. The minimum requirement for admission was the completion of the elementary education in the old Spanish schools. The first batch of teachers were selected from experienced American teachers. The first principal was Mr. Lutz, who, despite his past sixty years, was a very kind and understanding man. The initial enrolment was about 250 and was divided into 5 sections. By 1903, the school had a very active literary society called Philomathean and had also a strong baseball team. In 1904, Mr. Covell succeeded Mr. Lutz as principal. To accommodate more students, preparatory classes were organized. For the first time Filipino students were selected as government pensionados to continue their studies in the United States. Among those selected were Candido Alcazar, Ambrosio Gison, Delfin Jaranilla, Carlos Lopez, Leon Nava, Balbino Palmares, Graciano Rico, Cirilo Torreblanca and Felix Valencia. In 1905, Mr. Maxson succeeded Mr. Covell as principal. The pensionados then were Geronimo Huising, Isabelo Lagniton, Claro Pendon, and...
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...BASIC SPANISH: A GRAMMAR AND WORKBOOK Basic Spanish: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible reference grammar and related exercises in a single volume. This workbook presents 20 individual grammar points in realistic contexts, providing a grammatical approach that will allow students not already familiar with these terms to become accustomed to their use. Each unit is included on a graded basis beginning with the simpler aspects of Spanish grammar and proceeding to the more complex points. Grammar points are followed by examples and exercises selected to reinforce mastery of the topic. Basic Spanish provides an ideal introduction to the language, with insights into the Spanish-speaking peoples and their related cultures. For use in the classroom, or for the independent learner, this workbook enables readers to express themselves in a wide variety of situations. Features include: • authentic reading texts to encourage an understanding of Spain and Spanish-speaking countries • reference to Latin American usage where appropriate • full exercise answer key • glossary of grammatical terms Basic Spanish is the ideal reference and practice book for beginners and also for students with some knowledge of the language. Carmen Arnaiz and Irene Wilkie are both Senior Lecturers in Spanish and Linguistics at the University of the West of England, Bristol. Titles of related interest published by Routledge: Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide Juan Kattán-Ibarra...
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...HISTORY 1500 WINTER 2014 RESEARCH ESSAY TOPICS 1. Select a crusade and discuss the extent to which it accomplished its objectives. Why did it succeed or fail? Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A Short History; Carole Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives; Christopher Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades 2. How did anti-Semitism manifest itself in medieval Europe? Kenneth R. Stow, Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe; Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages; Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews in the Thirteenth Century 3. What was the position of prostitutes in medieval society? Ruth Mazo Karras, Common Women; Leah Otis, Prostitution in Medieval Society; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 4. Why did the French choose to follow Joan of Arc during the the Hundred Years War? Kelly DeVries, Joan of Arc: A Military Leader; Bonnie Wheeler, ed., Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 5. Discuss the significance of siege warfare during the crusades. You may narrow this question down to a single crusade if you wish. Jim Bradbury, The Medieval Siege; Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century; John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade 6. Why did the persecution...
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...PHILIPPINE LITERATURE Philippine literature is the body of works, both oral and written, that Filipinos, whether native, naturalized, or foreign born, have created about the experience of people living in or relating to Philippine society. It is composed or written in any of the Philippine languages, in Spanish and in English, and in Chinese as well. Philippine literature may be produced in the capital city of Manila and in the different urban centers and rural outposts, even in foreign lands where descendants of Filipino migrants use English or any of the languages of the Philippines to create works that tell about their lives and aspirations. The forms used by Filipino authors may be indigenous or borrowed from other cultures, and these may range from popular pieces addressed to mass audiences to highly sophisticated works intended for the intellectual elite. Having gone through two colonial regimes, the Philippines has manifested the cultural influences of the Spanish and American colonial powers in its literary production. Works may be grouped according to the dominant tradition or traditions operative in them. The first grouping belongs to the ethnic tradition, which comprises oral lore identifiably precolonial in provenance and works that circulate within contemporary communities of tribal Filipinos, or among lowland Filipinos that have maintained their links with the culture of their non-Islamic or non-Christian ancestors. The second grouping consists of works that show...
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...MAIKLING TALAMBUHAY NI JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL (Manunulat, Pambasang Bayani ng Pilipinas, Dakilang Henyo ng Lahing Malayo) ISINILANG SA: Calamba, Laguna (Hunyo 19, 1861) BINARIL SA: Bagumbayan (ngayo’y Luneta; Disyembre 30, 1896) Mga Magulang: FRANCISO MERCADO at TEODORA ALONSO (“Z” sa ibang aklat) Mga Ninuno: Domingo Lamco, sa panig ng ama (negosyanteng Instik); Lakandula, sa panig ng ina (pinuno ng Tondo na namuno sa isang bigong pag-aalsa sa mga Kastila, inapo ni Rajah Sulayman ng Maynila) Nagbinyag: Padre Rufino Collantes Ninong: Padre Pedro Casañas Paboritong kura paroko/parish priest: Padre Leoncio Lopez (nagturo kay Rizal ng pagrespeto sa karapatan ng ibang tao) Buong Pangalan: Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonso Realonda Jose Protacio - first name Jose: sa karangalan ni San Jose, patron ng mga manggagawa, asawa ng Birheng Maria, tatay sa lupa ni Hesukristo Protacio: sa karangalan ni San Protacio (isang martir; kapistahan/feast day niya tuwing Hunyo 19) Mercado: tunay na apelyido ng kanyang ama; nangangahulugang “pamilihan/market” sa wikang Español Rizal: apelyidong pansamantalang pinagamit kapalit ng Mercado upang makaiwas sa gulo (kabibitay pa lamang sa Gomburza; konektado kay Padre Burgos si Paciano kaya delikado ang apelyidong Mercado); mula sa salitang Español na “ricial” (luntiang lupang tinatamnan ng trigo/green fields of barley) Alonso: tunay na apelyido ng ina noong dalaga pa/maiden name; middle name ni Jose Rizal Realonda: middle name ng kanyang...
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...and Allen Ivey, EdD. These guidelines build on work related to multicultural counseling competencies by Division 17 (Sue et al., 1982) and the Association of Multicultural Counseling and Development (Arredondo et al., 1996; Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992). The Task Force acknowledges Allen Ivey, EdD, Thomas Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue, PhD for their leadership related to the work on competencies. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for these guidelines was assisted in reviewing the relevant literature by Rod Goodyear, PhD, Jeffrey S. Mio, PhD, Ruperto (Toti) Perez, PhD, William Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue, PhD. Additional writing contributions came from Gail Hackett, PhD, Jeanne Manese, PhD, Louise Douce, PhD, James Croteau, PhD, Janet Helms, PhD, Sally Horwatt, PhD, Kathleen Boggs, PhD, Gerald Stone, PhD, and Kathleen Bieschke, PhD. Editorial contributions were provided by Nancy Downing Hansen, PhD, Patricia Perez, Tiffany Rice, and Dan Rosen. The Task Force is grateful for the active support...
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...RETHINKING THE (EUROPEAN) FOUNDATIONS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION: A POLITICAL ECONOMY ESSAY by Peter Draper Research area: African Economic Outlook September 2010 Working Paper No. 293 Rethinking the (European) Foundations of Sub-Saharan African Regional Economic Integration: A Political Economy Essay DEV/DOC(2010)10 2 © OECD 2010 DEVELOPMENT CENTRE WORKING PAPERS This series of working papers is intended to disseminate the Development Centre’s research findings rapidly among specialists in the field concerned. These papers are generally available in the original English or French, with a summary in the other language. Comments on this paper would be welcome and should be sent to the OECD Development Centre, 2 rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France; or to dev.contact@oecd.org. Documents may be downloaded from: http://www.oecd.org/dev/wp or obtained via e-mail (dev.contact@oecd.org). THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED AND ARGUMENTS EMPLOYED IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE THE SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AUTHOR AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THOSE OF THE OECD OR OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF ITS MEMBER COUNTRIES ©OECD (2010) Applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this document should be sent to rights@oecd.org CENTRE DE DÉVELOPPEMENT DOCUMENTS DE TRAVAIL Cette série de documents de travail a pour but de diffuser rapidement auprès des spécialistes dans les domaines concernés les résultats des travaux de recherche du Centre...
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...LECTURE GUIDE IN SOC 6 WEEK 1—ORIENTATION / INTRODUCTION TO RIZAL COURSE WEEK 2 BACKGROUNDER OF RIZAL’S FAMILY / HISTORICAL BACGROUND OF RIZAL: A. ANCESTRY OF RIZAL. Rizal came from a mixture of races. From his father side, his great grandfather was a Chinese merchant from Amoy, China. In the closing year of the 17th century, Domingo Lamco who assumed the family surname “ Mercado “ in consonance with the decree of Governor General Narciso Claveria to free all Spanish subjects and their children from prejudices associated with having Chinese surnames. Lamco married a wealthy Chinese mestiza, Ines dela Rosa and from Manila, they moved to Binan and became tenants in the Dominican hacienda which those time large portion of the town were owned by Dominican friars. Rizal’s great grandfather was Francisco Mercado, the son of Domingo and Ines dela Rosa, who married a Chinese mestiza Cirila Bernacha, had a son by the name of Juan Mercado, who married a Chinese mestiza Cirila Alejandrino, serving as Riza’s grandfather. Juan and Cirila had 14 children, one of whom was Francisco Mercado, Rizal’s father who married Teodora Alonzo. Rizal’s father was an erudite man. He took courses in Latin and Philosophy at Colegio de San Jose in Manila. For Rizal, his father was a model father because of his honesty, industry and prudence. Rizal inherited from his father self – respect, serenity and poise, seriousness and a deep sense of dignity. On the other hand, from his mother side, Rizal’s...
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...SUMMER TRAINING REPORT On Digital Marketing Talking Trendo.com Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Post Graduate Programme By Neelabh Manoj 2013-2015 PGDM20150020 DECLARATION FORM I NEELABH MANOJ hereby declare that the Project work On Digital Marketing submitted by me for the Summer Internship during the Post Graduate Program to IILM Institute for Higher Education is my own original work and has not been submitted earlier either to IILM or to any other Institution for the fulfillment of the requirement for any course of study. I also declare that no chapter of this manuscript in whole or in part is lifted and incorporated in this report from any earlier / other work done by me or others. Signature of Student: _____________ Signature of Company Mentor: ___________ Name of Student: ________________ Name of Company Mentor: ______________ Designation: __________________________ Date: Date: Place: Place: Contents Sl no. | Topic | Page no. | 1. | Acknowledgement | 3 | 2. | Executive summary | 4 | 3. | Objective | 5 | 4. | Company profile | 6 | 5. | History of talkingtrendo.com | 8 | 5.1. | Vision and culture | 9 | 6. | Digital marketing sector in India | 10 | 7. | Social media marketing tools | 15 | 8. | Log book of trends covered during internship | 16 | 9. | Methodology | 26 | 10. | Content building for trends | 27 | 11. | Challanges | 34 | 12. | Learning | 35 | 13...
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...INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPING ECONOMIES IDE Discussion Papers are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussions and critical comments IDE DISCUSSION PAPER No. 256 Performance of Financial Institutions in Bhutan Dil Bahadur Rahut* Iván Velásquez Castellanos** Pravakar Sahoo*** Abstract The Kingdom of Bhutan is a small landlocked country in South Asia, located in the eastern Himalayas, and bordered by India and China. Bhutan is a small and fragile economy with a population of about 687,000. Nevertheless, its banking system plays an essential role in the growth and development of the country. This paper analyzes the financial performance, the development and growth of bank and non-bank financial institutions of Bhutan for the period 19992008 using both traditional and data envelopment analysis (DEA). The DEA analysis shows that financial institutions in are efficient and Bhutan National Bank has been the most efficient one. Overall, the paper finds that the ROE of the financial institutions in Bhutan are comparable to the international banks. Key words: Financial institution, performance, loan, deposit, net income, Bhutan. JEL Classification: G20; G21; G28; O16 *Chief, Research, Planning and Monitoring Department, Bank of Bhutan, Bhutan. Email: dilbhutan@yahoo.com **Bolivia Country Programme Coordinator, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung (KAS). Email: velasquezivanomar@yahoo.com ***Associate Professor, Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi, India and Visiting ...
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...customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1234567890 QFR/QFR 10987654321 ISBN: 978-0-07-340696-1 MHID: 0-07-340696-1 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Michael Ryan Vice President EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Publisher: Christopher Freitag Sponsoring Editor: Matthew Busbridge Executive Marketing Manager: Pamela S. Cooper Editorial Coordinator: Nikki Weissman Project Manager: Erin Melloy Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Cover Designer: Carole Lawson Cover Image: Albert Bierstadt, American (born in Germany), 1830–1902 Valley of the Yosemite, 1864 (detail) Oil on paperboard 30.16 × 48.89 cm (11 7/8 × 19 1/4 in.) Museum of Fine Arts, BostonGift of Martha C. Karolik for the M. and M. Karolik Collection of American Paintings, 1815–1865 47.1236 Buyer: Susan K. Culbertson Media Project Manager: Sridevi Palani Compositor: MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company Typeface: 10.5/12 Times Roman...
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...June 1, 2014 Meira Kumar on her last day in office till the appointment of a Pro term Speaker for the Lok Sabha on 31 May 2014. Who was appointed as Lok Sabha’s Pro term Speaker? – Kamal Nath, the senior Congress leader (Kamal Nath is the senior-most leader of the Lok Sabha and has won from Chhindwara in Madhya Pradesh for the ninth time) 1) Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 31 May 2014 abolished all the Empowered Groups of Ministers (EGoMs) and Groups of Ministers (GoMs) and told Ministries and departments to take decisions on pending matters. How many EGoMs and GoMs were working on different issues that have now been abolished? – 30 (These include 9 EGoMs and 21 GoMs. These EGoMs and GoMs were constituted during the UPA regime of Manmohan Singh and were formed to take decisions on issues like corruption, inter-State water disputes, administrative reforms and gas and telecom pricing. EGoMs had the power to take decisions on the line of the Union Cabinet. The recommendations of the GoMs were placed before the Cabinet for a final call) 2) The Chief Executive of Lok Sabha Television (LSTV) Rajiv Mishra was sacked from his post by Meira Kumar, the Speaker of the 15th Lok Sabha, on 30 May 2014. This sacking was done by 3) India lost in its first tie of the 13th FIH Men’s Hockey World Cup that started from 31 May 2014. India lost to Belgium by 2-3 to start its campaign on a losing note. This World Cup is being held at – The Hague, Netherlands (The 13th FIH Men’s Hockey World Cup is...
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...THE B L A C K SWAN The HIGHLY I mpact IM of the PROBABLE Nassim Nicholas Taleb U.S.A. $26.95 Canada $34.95 is a highly improbable event with three principal characteristics: It is unpre dictable; it carries a massive impact; and, after the fact, we concoct an explanation that makes it appear less random, and more predictable, than it was. The astonishing success of Google was a black swan; so was 9 / 1 1 . For Nassim Nicholas Taleb, black swans underlie almost everything about our world, from the rise of religions to events in our own personal lives. A BLACK SWAN Why do we not acknowledge the phenomenon of black swans until after they occur? Part of the answer, according to Taleb, is that humans are hardwired to learn specifics when they should be focused on generalities. We concentrate on things we already know and time and time again fail to take into consideration what we don't know. We are, therefore, unable to truly estimate oppor tunities, too vulnerable to the impulse to simplify, narrate, and categorize, and not open enough to rewarding those who can imagine the "impossible." For years, Taleb has studied how we fool our selves into thinking we know more than we actually do. We restrict our thinking to the irrelevant and inconsequential, while large events continue to surprise us and shape our world. Now, in this reve latory book, Taleb explains everything we know about what we don't know. He offers...
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