Lupus and Multiple Sclerosis
Student’s Name
University

Abstract This study seeks to classify Lupus Multiple Sclerosis. This study, therefore, is comparing and contrasting the Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis of two different disease processes (Bates, 2011). It will involve a survey research design; the sampling strategy included in this study will be simple random sampling as the required is readily available from secondary sources. About 90 patients suffering from Lupus Multiple Sclerosis will participate in the study. Analysis of data is through the use of regression analysis and descriptive statistics; the research findings will be on the research question and the research objectives. Multiple Sclerosis could have detrimental effects on the human nervous system, especially when misdiagnosed happens or when it is not detected early. It is a disease that requires close monitoring and proper treatment (Schopick, 2011).

Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction/Background of the Study…………….………………………………....4
2.0 Problem……………………………………………………………………………….4
3.0 Purpose………………………………………………………………………………..5
4.0 Objectives……………………………………………………………………………..5
5.0 Research Questions…………………………………………………………………...5
6.0 Significance to Nursing……………………………………………………………….6
7.0 Methodology….............................................................................................................6
8.0 Results ………………………………………………………………………………..7
9.0 Discussion of Results……………...………………………………………………….8
10.0 Conclusions……………………………………………………………………….…9
References………………………………………………………………………………...10

Lupus and Multiple Sclerosis 1.0 Background of the Study Multiple Sclerosis is an immune related disease. It is known to be the common cause of disability in human beings. Its prognosis varies, and there is no defined treatment for Multiple Sclerosis for long-term duration (Bates, 2011). It affects most systems in a human body and more so it affects the nervous system. It has been known to occur in about 50 percent of patients and mostly associate with poor prognosis. It, therefore, poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians, however, a vast array of its features are recognizable through laboratory testing. According to Bonaci-Nikolic et.al (2009), Lupus Multiple Sclerosis remains an understood, but there is evidence that it mostly associates with a group of antibodies referred to as antiphospholipid (apL). The rare cause for Lupus is vasculitis, and it results in suppressing the human immune system. Anticoagulation is required to help avoid stroke and ischaemic attacks in patients who suffer from Multiple Sclerosis. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are highly advised as it helps prevent disability, more so in young patients. 2.0 Problem Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic condition suppressing the immune system. It is common among the youth and young adults. MS poses a significant challenge to clinicians as they are working to diagnose it, since the causative pathogens are still unknown. Neurological procedures and MRIs can be performed on patients suspected to be suffering from this condition; however, there are no concrete and distinguished tools for helping diagnose MS (Schopick, 2011). Prognosis and treatment procedures for MS differ, there are controversy over the role and function of antiphospholipid (apL antibodies) antibodies in this condition. These results to misdiagnosis in a vast number of patients with MS, anticoagulation, is recommended to help incorrect diagnosis. 3.0 Purpose The reason for this study is to investigate Multiple Sclerosis through a collection of information and results that will help in classifying Lupus Multiple Sclerosis. This study, therefore, is comparing and contrasting the Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis of two different disease processes (Bates, 2011). 4.0 Objective The general goal of this research is to investigate Multiple Sclerosis through a collection of information and results that will help in classifying Lupus Multiple Sclerosis. This study, therefore, is comparing and contrasting the Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis of two different disease processes (Bates, 2011). It will also give recommendations to clinicians on how to diagnose MS correctly by using the proper diagnostic tools. 5.0 Research Question This study seeks to answer the question that, is there a perfect diagnostic tool that could help clinicians diagnose MS correctly? The solution to this answer will assist in is comparing and contrasting the Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis of two different disease processes (Schopick, 2011). It will also give an outlook to clinicians on the age bracket among humans that are highly affected by MS. 6.0 Significance to Nursing The outcome of this study will increase the knowledge base of clinicians on Lupus Multiple Sclerosis (Bates, 2011). It will also help in making new discoveries this field of nursing that are important in finding the proper diagnostic tool of MS and eventually assist the clinicians in solving the diagnostic challenge for this disease. 7.0 Methodology This study will be conducted in standard setting and context; it will target 90 individuals or rather patients who suffer from Multiple Sclerosis. The findings will be used to generalize about the phenomena being investigated. The research design to be used will be a survey design. According to Bonaci-Nikolic et.al (2009), a survey design focuses on a few selected components of the population; it lays more emphasis on depth and not the breadth of the study. This design is of specific interest as information is readily available from multiple sources. As mentioned, the target population will comprise 90 patients. These patients will undergo thorough laboratory testing and screening as the researcher is mainly interested in finding the answer to the research question. This design will further enable the researcher in achieving the study objectives. The sampling strategy employed in this study will be simple random sampling. As it will be easier for the researcher to use the medical coding system to derive the data needed in selecting the patients who suffer from Multiple Sclerosis Bonaci-Nikolic et.al (2009). It will be easy to identify patients, but I request cooperation and assistance from the officers in the department of health. In this study, the dependent variable is Lupus Multiple Sclerosis while the independent variables are Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis. Knowledge of variables is seeking in helping to set the regression equation that is one of the tools of data analysis applicable in this study. This study will be in the quantitative form as numerical figures relating to the patient's data, and details will be obtained in one of the referral hospitals around. Data will be collected from secondary sources, particularly the hospital’s website, and the medical coding system or the department of health. In this study, therefore, instruments for first-hand information such as questionnaires are not applicable to the information required is readily available. Data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics; this entails calculation of measures of central tendency (mean, mode and median) and measures of dispersion. These are (skewness and kurtosis) as well, Bonaci-Nikolic et.al (2009). I will use regression analysis to understand the influence of variables. This study will involve calculation of correlation coefficients and the standard error. I presume the information I will access relating to Multiple Sclerosis will help in comparing and contrasting the Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis of two different disease processes. Data will be presented in charts, tables, and figures. To make it easier, I will convert frequencies into percentages. 8.0 Results The results achieved from data analysis will be analyzed using SPSS software and Eviews. While interpreting the results, emphasis will be laid on the relationship existing between variables.Both the dependent variable (Lupus Multiple Sclerosis) and the independent variables (Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis) (Bates, 2011). This knowledge and empirical evidence will assist me in comparing and contrasting between the dependent variable and the independent variables. Emphasis will be laid on details or demographics of the participants, as I need to gain an overview of the characteristics of patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis. Concerning their age and medical history, this is essential in drawing the relationship between the study variables and the differences as well. This knowledge will help in answering the research question and in achieving the research objectives. 9.0 Discussion of Results The research findings will be compiled in line with the research objectives and the research question. I will be interested in knowing if the goals have achieved, as per the spirit of this study. Ethical considerations in this research are also discussed. The implication, limitations, policies and strengths of this study about nursing practice are discussed too. The findings will derive from the relationship between the research variables that will be exhibited by data analysis and more so through regression analysis. The results of the study will form the basis for comparing and contrasting the Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing or medical management and prognosis of two different disease processes. The findings will also create awareness to clinicians and other medical practitioners in terms of diagnostics tests, procedures and examination required for the correct diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (Schopick, 2011).New knowledge will be derived. This knowledge will enable clinicians overcome the diagnostic challenge of MS, it will also provide a platform for further research as the advancement of knowledge will assist in identifying gaps for further studies in a similar field.
10.0 Conclusions This field of study is extensive as the enormous gaps for further research. Influence of other diseases may also cause Multiple Sclerosis, which result is immune suppression (Bates, 2011). I presume that the variables for this study are perfect positively correlated, as the effects of this disease.Multiple Sclerosis might be potentially detrimental especially if the clinician conducting the primary laboratory testing and examinations misdiagnosed the condition (Schopick, 2011). The result of this is that the patients might suffer from severe effects of this disease such as stroke or permanent disability which will pull them from ordinary life, more so when the nervous system is damaged.

References
Bates D (January 2011). "Treatment effects of immunomodulatory therapies at different stages of multiple sclerosis in short-term trials." Neurology 76 (1 Suppl 1): S14–25.
Bonaci-Nikolic, B., Jeremic, I., Andrejevic, S., Sefik-Bukilica, M., Stojsavljevic, N., & Drulovic, J. (2009). Anti-double stranded DNA and lupus syndrome induced by interferon- therapy in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Lupus, 78-80.
Schopick, J. (2011). Honest Medicine: Effective, time-tested, inexpensive treatments for life-threatening diseases: Including multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, liver disease, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. Oak Park, Ill.: Innovative Health Pub.