...Notes on Mankiw, Romer, Weil Simon Gilchrist EC 502 1 Introduction: • To a first approximation, predictions of the Solow Growth Model are correct: – Savings and population growth affect GDP per capita in directions predicted by the Solow model. – 50% of variation in GDP per capita can be predicted by the Solow model. • While qualitative predictions are confirmed, quantitative effects of savings and population growth are too large to be consistent with standard Solow growth theory. 1 • An augmented version of the Solow growth model that allows for human capital accumulation can explain the data however. – Adding human capital explains why coefficients on savings and population growth are upward biased – human capital is an omitted variable which is positively correlated with savings. – When schooling is included in the regression as a measure of human capital, MRW find that ∗ Coefficient on savings and population growth are now of the correct magnitude for the augmented model. ∗ The augmented Solow model now explains 80% of the variation in cross-country living standards. 2 2 • Model: Population and technology grow at constant exogenous rates: L(t) = L(0) exp(nt) A(t) = A(0) exp(gt) Cobb-Douglas production Y (t) = K(t)α (A(t)L(t))1−α Constant savings rate: I(t) = S(t) = sY (t) Capital accumulation dk = sy(t) − (n + g + δ)k(t) dt where k(t) = K(t) A(t)L(t) Y (t) y(t) = = k(t)α A(t)L(t) • which implies that dk = s (k(t))α − (n + g + δ)k(t) dt 3 3 • ...
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...Written Report MACRO COMPUTER SCIENCE What is a Macro Computer? A macro (short for "macroinstruction", from Greek μακρο- 'long') in computer science is a rule or pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence (often a sequence of characters) should be mapped to a replacement output sequence (also often a sequence of characters) according to a defined procedure. The mappings process that instantiates (transforms) a macro use into a specific sequence is known as macro expansion. A facility for writing macros may be provided as part of a software application or as a part of a programming language. In the former case, macros are used to make tasks using the application less repetitive. In the latter case, they are a tool that allows a programmer to enable code reuse or even to design domain-specific languages. Macros are used to make a sequence of computing instructions available to the programmer as a single program statement, making the programming task less tedious and less error-prone. (Thus, they are called "macros" because a big block of code can be expanded from a small sequence of characters). Macros often allow positional or keyword parameters that dictate what the conditional assembler program generates and have been used to create entire programs or program suites according to such variables as operating system, platform or other factors. The term derives from "macro instruction", and such expansions were originally used in generating assembly language code...
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...CMLab Graphics A Tutorial of Writing MASM with VC++ 2005 Express Presented by Ken-Yi Lee Assembly Language 2007 CMLab Graphics Assembly Language 2007 MASM Microsoft Macro Assembler - MASM 8.0 included with Visual C++ 2005 - You can download MASM 8.0 and install it with Visual C++ 2005 Express by yourself 2 CMLab Graphics Assembly Language 2007 What do you need ? helloworld.asm helloworld.obj Editor Assembler (ml.exe) Linker (link.exe) helloworld.exe Debugger 3 Include Files Where Which Object File Libraries Where Which CMLab Graphics Assembly Language 2007 Visual C++ 2005 Express with MASM 8.0 Visual C++ 2005 Express - Editor, Linker, and Debugger • Custom build rules needed] • Set library paths and library dependencies [if • Select “console” as your subsystem MASM 8.0 - Assembler • Set include paths [if needed] 4 CMLab Graphics Assembly Language 2007 Visual C++ 2005 Express with MASM 8.0 (contd.) Download and Install Visual C++ 2005 Express - http://0rz.tw/253mH Download and Install MASM 8.0 - http://0rz.tw/8d1Xn • You should install VC 2005 Express first 5 CMLab Graphics Hello MASM ! A simple example to set up the environment CMLab Graphics Assembly Language 2007 HelloMASM - My Settings: • Project Name: HelloMASM • Solution Name: HelloMASM • Source code filename: hellomasm.asm • Additional library dependencies: Irvine32.lib user32.lib • Used...
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...What is the right supply chain for your product? by Marshall L. Fisher Introduction Much technology and brain power has been applied to improve supply chains. Companies are able to capture customers’ voice by using sophisticated marketing tools. Their goal is the accurate and quick response to market demands. Mass customization, automated warehousing and agile manufacturing are the means leading to that goal. Despite these efforts, many supply chains have never been worse. Adversarial relationships among partners as well as lack of coordination have lead, in many cases, to an unpredictable rise of cost. The excess of one product and the shortage of another is a common symptom. Why companies are unable to improve their supply chain performance? How can you avoid these problems? Is your product functional or innovative? The most crucial issue is the comprehension of the connection between the nature of demand and the type of supply chain you need. The fundamental problem is the mismatch between the type of product and the type of supply chain. Therefore you have to specify, first, the type of your product. Experience has shown that there are two categories of products: functional and innovative. There are some criteria , such as life cycle and t unpredictability of demand, to make up your mind whether your product belongs to the first or the second category. Functional products Functional products are those which satisfy basic needs, such as...
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...Those notes can only be sequenced so many times before they are repeated by a new musician and called “original”. Intellectual property has been protected in the courts systems, but has favored personal interest over creativity and borrowing. In the case of Weber vs. Repp for example, Repp was claiming to be the owner of the copied Catholic folk music stolen to create music by Weber. With help from a lawyer, it is proven that Weber wrote a song previous to the music and songs by Repp. It was demonstrated that Weber wrote a song, Repp wrote another song sounding similar, and then Weber wrote the song in question. This showing that Weber borrowed from himself and Repp borrowed from him. The musical notes played in the same sequence were copied by both composers and therefore the courts dismissed the case, musical notes are not owned by any one composer. It does not matter what you copy but how much you choose to take. The idea behind Gladwell’s argument is that borrowing some to be creative is and needs to be acceptable in the eyes of “plagiarism...
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...to harmonize, considering it was our first year learning an instrument. There was no reading or writing when it came to playing the instruments, but with music, a story can be made. For example, half the class would play our recorders in sync with one another, and other students in the class would play percussion. With the rhythm of the music combined, the feel and sound of the music gives the audience a feel of a different environment, such as feeling as though you are taking a journey through an Indian village, or celebrating the first fourth of July in America. As I progressed through the year, music classes turned into singing as well. In order to know the words that we were singing, we had paperback music, which had music lines, notes, and words for us to...
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...through the paper. Halfway through the paper, I saw my friend John suspiciously looking at the class. My instincts told me that something was wrong. As a result, I began to keep an eye on John. Suddenly, I saw John taking notes out from his pencil case! My mouth hung wide open and I gasped in shock. How could John do that! I thought should I report him? The devil in my mind said that I should not care about this thing after all, he is still my best friend while the angel said that I should be honest and report him. After thinking for a while, I decided to report him. I raised my hand and told the teacher “ Mr Tan, John is cheating by using notes from his pencil case.” The teacher nodded his head and walked towards John’s table. Mr Tan said “John! Why are you cheating?” John shook his head to deny that he did not cheat. Mr Tan confiscated his pencil case and dumped the contents out. Out came pencils, erasers and pens. But there was no notes inside! John let out a smirk from his mouth. I was shocked! I thought that there was a note? Just when I thought all hope was lost, Mr Tan found another zip at the pencil case and he opened it. Suddenly, John’s smirk began to vanish. Waves of panic overwhelmed him. The hidden note was found there! Mr Tan looked at John sternly. He brought John to the principal’s office to explain what had happened. On the next day, the fiery-tempered Discipline Master caned John during assembly period. After this incident...
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...Improving Your Note Taking ▪ Effective note taking is one of the keys to succeeding in school. Students should devote a considerable amount of time reviewing information discussed during classroom lectures. It is very difficult remembering specific details from classroom lectures without good notes. These note taking strategies will help you to take better notes: ▪ Make clear and accurate notes Make sure to take legible and accurate notes since it is not uncommon to forget key details discussed in class after it has ended. Frequently, students comprehend the teacher's lecture, so they'll neglect to jot down specific details only to forget them later. Students who keep accurate notes can review them later to fully grasp key concepts during personal study time. Additionally, since during classroom lectures teachers frequently cover many topics, effective notes enable students to concentrate on specific topics. ▪ Come to class prepared Students properly prepared for class usually take better notes. Proper preparation includes completing assigned reading prior to class and reviewing notes from previous lectures. Students who do this can ask questions about confusing concepts and be prepared for new topics. ▪ Compare your notes To ensure your notes are as accurate and detailed as possible, compare them with the notes of other students after class is over. This is useful because your colleagues will frequently write down lecture details that you...
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...Side Notes: • I came up with a killer Mozart-style arrangement involving several songs by modern artists. But I ran into a roadblock with getting permissions. So I decided to do variations on a theme by making my arrangement an original tune. Helpful Hints: • Learn the hardest parts first with the correct fingering. Instead of using a slower tempo to practice longer sections, try using the actual tempo to practice overlapping shorts sections (as small as 2 notes...hands alone if needed). • For those who have heard the recording or seen the video on • When I practice, it helps me to realize that it takes up to 300 YouTube, Steven Sharp Nelson laid down over 100 tracks, including (perfect) reps before muscle memory kicks-in. cello textures never before known possible. Every single sound on the video was made using only the instruments shown: piano, cello, • I like to imagine totally soft and relaxed hand muscles as I play... think "soft hand" when approaching hard sections. mouth percussion and kick drum. Of course we put in additional cool effects. For example the U2-style delay on Steve's pizz at the • For a two-minute-edit version, start at measure 109 beginning. (two-minute-edit minus track available at jonschmidt.com). • A recording of the orchestration only (minus piano) is available at jonschmidt.com. This is very fun for live performances with a monitor speaker next to you on stage so you can hear the parts well. Michael meets Mozart = 91 chills up copyright...
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...Dean Helton Note-Taking Assignment 1. Why did you choose Cornell, Outline, or Visual Map? I chose the visual map way of taking my notes this morning at church. I have actuallynever taken my notes that way before, but I really enjoyed it. I am a kinesthetic learner and seeing maps and graphs help me understand things a lot better than just simple notes. I was nervous at first to take my notes this way but I very quickly got the hang of it. After the sermon it was much easier for me to look over my notes and understand what the message and sub nots were pointing out. I will now take all of my sermon notes this way. 2. What did you like about the style of note taking you chose? I enjoyed using this style for many reasons. One of the main reasons was because it gave me the opportunity to listen more to the sermon wrather than focusing on writing down the notes that we were given. It also was a huge help to me after when I was looking over the notes. It gave me a clearer picture of what the sermon was about. 3. What did you dislike about the style of note taking you chose? I think the only thing I disliked about it is that it is almost like an outline,a nd if you are not careful you could miss an important long point that need sto be recorded just for the sake of making your picture graph look good. I added a few take away points at the bottom of my notes that I felt like I needed to add so that I could better understand the over all message. 4. How do you plan...
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...Symbols Facebook Symbols for Status Everyone fancy a cool status update decorated with facebook symbols. People always wonder how their friends got symbols for status when they add hearts, music notes , stars and other signs into their status. Actually its not difficult. Follow my steps and you will learn how to add facebook symbols for status. Before you start decoration your status updates with symbols, take a look at complete list of all facebook symbols. These are Unicode text characters that you can put into your status. Just use your imagination and creativity and you will come up with nice ideas. Take these symbols and combine them to create status decoration where you can add your ‘text update’. Most common facebook symbols people use for decoration are heart symbol, star symbol, math signs and music notes. Here we have got the most comprehensive list of facebook status symbols. Just copy and paste them in your status. ๑۩۞۩๑ Type your status message!! ๑۩۞۩๑ ๑۩๑ Type your status message!! ๑۩๑ ▂ ▃ ▅ ▆ █ Type your status message █ ▆ ▅ ▃ ▂ ★·.·´¯`·.·★ facebook symbols for status ★·.·´¯`·.·★ ..♩.¸¸♬´¯`♬.¸¸¤ Type your status message here o ¤¸¸.♬´¯`♬¸¸.♩.. ¤♥¤Oº°‘¨☜♥☞¤ symbols for facebook status ¤☜♥☞¨‘°ºO¤♥¤ ♬ •♩ ·.·´¯`·.·♭•♪ This is musical notes ♪ •♭·.·´¯`·.·♩ •♬ »——(¯` Type your status message here ´¯)——» ¸.·’★¸.·’★*·~-.¸-(★ facebook symbols ★)-,.-~*¸.·’★¸.·’★ •(♥).•*´¨`*•♥•(★) Type your status message here (★)•♥•*´¨`*•.(♥)• O...
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...discussions. No warning will be given to you and the invigilator will make a note of your name and update the Program Manager. You are not allowed to leave the examination hall till you finish your examination. You are required to switch off your mobiles always. |Course |Date |Time |Duration |Type of Exam |Comments | |Principles of Management |Wednesday |10.30 am - 12.30 pm |2 hours |Closed Book/Closed notes |Multiple choice ( 50 min) | | |4th Feb, | | |Laptops not allowed |Descriptive(1 hr 10 min) | | |2009 | | |Internet not allowed |Write with pen no scribbling | | | | | | |Mobile phones are not allowed in the class | |Organisational Behaviour |Wednesday |2.30 - 4.00 pm |90 min |Open Book/Open Notes | ...
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...CFA2 、 3 级考生请绕道。 二、作者背景 1. 学历：低于北京 TP 二校的理工科本科 2. 复习时间： 2 个月左右的脱产复习 3. 复习方式：在南京某知名高校内与两名 candidate 一起复习 4. 复习遍数：大概 notes2.5 遍。习题 3 遍 5. 考试成绩：除 alternative investment B ，其余 A 6. 考试用时：上午 1 小时 20 分钟，下午 1 小时 30 分钟 三、正文 3.1 复习资料、习题 a) Schweser Notes 5 本（课本部分） 5 星推荐必看 b) Schweser Notes 5 本（习题部分） 5 星推荐必做 c) 某机构中文翻译（广告位招租） 5 星推荐必购 d) 官方 Reading （课本部分） 负 5 星推荐（学术型人才推荐） e) 官方 Reading （习题部分） 6 星推荐必做 f) 近两年官方 mock （俗称模拟题） 5 星推荐必做 g) 近两年官方 sample （俗称样题） 6 星推荐必做 h) 某机构百题预测（广告位招租） 4 星推荐选作 i) N otes 练习（也就是 6 、 7 两本） 1 星推荐蛋疼者做之 j) 官方 道德手册 3 星推荐选看 k) 辅导班视频（广告位招租） 3 星推荐选看 l) 老婆一只 自己看着办吧 m) 辅导班（广告位招租） 本 3.5 没上 n) 其他 本 3.5 没看 3.1.1 阅读资料 说到考试资料，那官方的 Reading 就是纯 TM 扯淡，如果在今年能够收到电子版的情况下，还去花着 N 百刀买那自己用着都心疼的铜版纸教材，绝对是烧包的表现，一来不 支 持低碳生活，二来过于支持 CFA 的宗旨 —— 骗钱第一，考试第二。 在官网注册完，直奔万能的 Taobao ，在搜索栏 baidu 一下 “ CFA Notes ” 你就能看到 一 个真正的完全竞争市场。具体书的颜色每年不一样，但要用的是哪本，哥们你懂的。 同时某些机构的中文翻译教材，绝对是上佳之选，不要和我 zhuangbility 说兄弟你的 英文能力多么销魂，就是再 TM 销魂，你告诉我什么是 qualified 和 unqualified ，如果告诉 我是 “ 合格 ” 和 “ 不合格 ” 的，本 3.5 告诉你， S+B 离你已经不是太远了。 此外有许多朋友会推荐官方的道德手册（网购 notes 的时候一般会送你），这个问题 下 一章节会提及。 作为补充，辅导班的 “ 免费 ” 视频同样是可以用来借鉴的， 3000 多块钱白给，不要 白 不要。 另外某机构的百题预测也是可以用来把玩的，相当于在最后，对知识点做一个大致 的 温习，不过里面有些题目的答案并不完全正确，当然已经通读 notes 的你肯定能够判断出 的。 3.1.2 习题 大家经常会烦恼要做哪些题，要么说 notes 题少而简单，要么问书后的问答题到底要 不要做。本 3.5 郑重的告诉你，官方 Reading 后面的习题是一定要做的，无论选择还是问 答，因为其中有些干脆就会在考试中重现，比如在看定量分析（ quantitative ）的时候，你 会发现，为什么书中大篇幅出现的 T-value 和 F-value 的题目数量和只有一句话提及的 P- value 一样多的时候，作者已经内牛满面的在告诉你要考什么了。有人问 Reading 这么厚， 自习时候拿着多烦躁， 3.5 偷偷地告诉你， Reading...
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...TAKING LECTURE NOTES I. There are many reasons for taking lecture notes. A. Making yourself take notes forces you to listen carefully and test your understanding of the material. B. When you are reviewing, notes provide a gauge to what is important in the text. C. Personal notes are usually easier to remember than the text. D. The writing down of important points helps you to remember then even before you have studied the material formally. II. Instructors usually give clues to what is important to take down. Some of the more common clues are: A. Material written on the blackboard. B. Repetition C. Emphasis 1. Emphasis can be judged by tone of voice and gesture. 2. Emphasis can be judged by the amount of time the instructor spends on points and the number of examples he or she uses. D. Word signals (e.g. "There are two points of view on . . . " "The third reason is . . . " " In conclusion . . . ") E. Summaries given at the end of class. F. Reviews given at the beginning of class. III. Each student should develop his or her own method of taking notes, but most students find the following suggestions helpful: A. Make your notes brief. 1. Never use a sentence where you can use a phrase. Never use a phrase where you can use a word. 2. Use abbreviations and symbols, but be consistent. B. Put most notes in your own words. However, the following should be noted exactly: 1. Formulas 2. Definitions 3. Specific facts C. Use outline form and/or...
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...remember when the email was sent or who sent it. Since reading this chapter, I have started to save specific email information as word documents grouped under different folders. This has proven to be effective for linking related topics in the respective folders which makes locating the information quicker. In my academic life, I will first note the topic to be studied and pay greater attention to the learning objectives. This would then make it easier to skim through the chapter and specifically note the more important material and review that first as well as to research any related topics by using other resources. The chapter also noted the importance of paying attention to any information in bold type and any illustrations. This strategy would greatly increase my knowledge of the topic and improve note-taking. It would also assist in remembering the useful information. Therefore, this would be effective for review and preparation for exams as well as being in an overall position to utilize and apply the new information whenever possible. 2. The ‘Write it down’ strategy The chapter noted that writing a note helps you to...
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