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Magnetic Force

In: Science

Submitted By guotung
Words 1262
Pages 6
Experiment 31: Magnetism

Purpose To study the relationship between magnetic force and the magnitude of the current, length of the wire, strength of the magnetic field, and the angle between the field and the wire.

Apparatus SF-8607 Basic Current Balance (Main Unit, 6 Current loop PC boards, Magnet Assembly with 6 magnets), DC power supply, DC ammeter, Balance, Lab Stand, hook-up wires with banana plug connectors

Theory

A current-carrying wire generates a magnetic field surrounding the wire. When this wire is placed in an external magnetic field, it experiences a force due to the poles of the two magnetic fields interacting. The magnitude and direction of this force depends upon four variables: the magnitude of the current (I) in the wire; the length of the wire (L) that is placed in the external magnetic field; the strength of the external magnetic field (B); and the angle between the direction of the wire and the direction of the magnetic field (().

This magnetic force can be described mathematically by the vector cross product:

Fm = I L X B, (1)

for which the magnitude is:

Fm = I L B sin (θ). (2)

With the SF-8607 Basic Current Balance, you can vary the three quantities in (2), namely: I, L, and B. The resulting magnetic force between wire and field can then be determined through the simple calculation. By adding the SF-8608 Current Balance Accessory, you can also vary the angle between the wire and the magnetic field, thereby performing a complete investigation into the interaction between a current carrying wire and an external magnetic field.
Procedure Part I. Force versus Current
[Note: In this experiment, the force is determined from a balance reading in grams. This times the acceleration due to gravity (g = 980 cm/s2) yields the measure of the magnetic force.]
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