...MALNUTRITION What is the problem? Malnutrition : a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are not enough or are too much such that it causes health problems and may sometimes lead to death. It is often used specifically to refer to undernutrition where there is not enough calories, protein or micronutrients; however, it also includes overnutrition. Approximately half of the people on Earth, about 3.5 billion people, are victims of malnutrition and it is considered the largest single contributor to disease in the world, according to the UN's Standing Committee on Nutrition (SCN). Malnutrition is a global problem that affects not only developing countries but developed ones as well. In the United States alone, the annual cost for illnesses linked to hunger, malnutrition and food insecurity is $130.5 billion with only $17.8 billion of charitable contributions devoted to addressing these issues. Often thought of as undernourishment in the sense of not getting enough food, malnutrition is the lack of proper nutrients in a person’s diet that contributes to health problems. This means that individuals can be getting enough to eat but are not consuming the daily requirements of calories, protein or micronutrients. ● The global food system is broken. In total around 3.5 billion people — half the people on the planet today — are malnourished ● 2.3 million children die every year due to malnutrition ● Largest single contributor to disease in the world, according...
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...Malnutrition still prevalent among poor Pinoy kids –survey More from: http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/371841/news/nation/malnutrition-still-prevalent-among-poor-pinoy-kids-survey Malnutrition among Filipino children aged 0 to 5 years remains prevalent, particularly those who belong among the poorest sector, the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) said in a survey. FNRI, in its 8th National Nutrition Survey released Thursday, noted that while there was a slight decrease in the number of underweight children and those affected by stunting (low height-for-age) for 2013, numbers for other forms like wasting (low weight-for-height) and overweight went up. FNRI said 19.9 percent of malnourished children are underweight, a few notches down from the 20.2 percent recorded in 2011. Stunting, meanwhile, registered at 30.3 percent from 33.6 percent two years prior. Education suffers When kids are hungry, it is not only their parents who worry but their teachers as well for they are not only pushed to do hard labor for food, their chances of getting education are also pushed to the sides. “When the children come to school hungry, they cannot focus on the lessons. The difficulty to learn makes them uninterested to continue going to school,” said Lucena Concepcion, principal of Imba Elementary School in Caluya Island. This is especially true for Jobert Juanites, who lives in nearby town Barbaza. He had to stop going to school at least twice; at nine years...
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..._____________________________________________________________________ CREDIT Research Paper No. 01/05 _____________________________________________________________________ Reducing Child Malnutrition: How Far Does Income Growth Take Us? by Harold Alderman, Simon Appleton, Lawrence Haddad, Lina Song and Yisehac Yohannes _____________________________________________________________________ Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, University of Nottingham 2 The Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade is based in the School of Economics at the University of Nottingham. It aims to promote research in all aspects of economic development and international trade on both a long term and a short term basis. To this end, CREDIT organises seminar series on Development Economics, acts as a point for collaborative research with other UK and overseas institutions and publishes research papers on topics central to its interests. A list of CREDIT Research Papers is given on the final page of this publication. Authors who wish to submit a paper for publication should send their manuscript to the Editor of the CREDIT Research Papers, Professor M F Bleaney, at: Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, School of Economics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UNITED KINGDOM Telephone (0115) 951 5620 Fax: (0115) 951 4159 CREDIT Research Papers are distributed free...
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...Malnutrition in Bangladesh 1. Introduction: Malnutrition is globally the most important risk factor for illness and death, contributing to more than half of deaths in children worldwide. It is one of the most important underlying causes of child mortality in developing countries, particularly during the first 5 years of life; the major causes for this are poverty, world conflicts, lack of education, natural disasters and poor access to health care. Nearly one-third of children in the developing world are malnourished. The effects of changing environmental conditions in increasing malnutrition are multifactorial. Poor environmental conditions may increase insect and protozoal infections and also contribute to environmental deficiencies in micronutrients. Overpopulation, more commonly seen in developing countries, can reduce food production, leading to inadequate food intake or intake of foods of poor nutritional quality. Conversely, the effects of malnutrition on individuals can create and maintain poverty, which can further hamper economic and social development. Bangladesh being the eighth most populous country in the world, and one of the poorest a significant progress has been made in recent years in reducing the incidence of poverty and malnutrition, the fact remains that roughly half of its 15.5 million citizens live in deprivation, while roughly half of all children under 6 years show some evidence of chronic malnutrition. Poverty and malnutrition in Bangladesh...
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...Alcoholism and Malnutrition International Nutrition: The World Food Crisis FSNU-201 April 21, 2013 Alcoholism and Malnutrition Malnutrition is a condition that is caused by an imbalance between what someone eats and the nutrients that they need to maintain good health and proper body function. (Mandal, n.d.) Not eating enough food to maintain proper body function, or eating an imbalanced diet that does not provide the nutrients needed to maintain a balanced level of health, will cause a person to become malnourished. (Mandal, n.d.) In order to stay healthy, individuals need to consume foods from a number of different food groups including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, dairy and a minimum of five daily portions of fruits and vegetables which contain many of the essential vitamins and minerals. (McGuire & Beerman, 2009, p. 331) Anyone can become malnourished if they do not consume the necessary amount of nutrients to fulfill their nutritional needs, or if they have an unhealthy diet such as those, who for example, misuse alcohol. Many studies show that people who misuse alcohol can eventually become malnourished due to the fact that alcohol contains just enough calories to curb hunger, but it does not contain the necessary nutrients that are required to stay healthy. As a result, alcoholics often suffer from a number of serious health conditions including damage to internal organs such as the liver, heart and the brain. (Casa Palmera Staff, 2010) Someone may ask...
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...During the 20th century, many infants and adult died in North America every day due to malnutrition and overall poor health (Bradburn, Jamie). Mothers would provide their children with biscuits, however their kids couldn’t generally eat them and they even lacked vitamins and minerals that were required to keep children strong and disease-free. This shortage of nutrients resulted in illnesses such as rickets, beriberi, pellagra, and scurvy (Bradburn, Jamie). This increasingly serious problem caught the attention of many nutritional scientists who went to work and spent a great amount of time investigating and experimenting different ways to help improve the babies’ nutrition, and keep them alive. The much-awaited solution to this horrific problem was coming to be as during the 1930s, three doctors, Dr. Frederick Tisdall, Dr. Alan Brown, and Dr. Theodore Drake (Adams, Sharon), that worked in Toronto at the Hospital for Sick Children, went to work to put an end to child malnutrition. At first, the group generated biscuits constructed from whole wheat flour, milk, and iron. Animals, family members, and hospital patients were all experimented on while a recipe was being constituted that didn’t result in constipation or diarrhea....
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...Malnutrition is estimated to contribute to more than one third of all child deaths and more than 50% of childhood mortality in children under 5 years old although it is rarely listed as the direct cause(1). Malnutrition is a broad term commonly used to indicate under nutrition but technically it also refers to over nutrition. The basic causes of malnutrition include formal and informal institutions: political, economic and ideological structure and system. Health service availability with other causes like infection particularly frequent or persistent diarrhoea, pneumonia, measles and malaria that undermine child's nutritional status and play important role in increased incidence of malnutrition. According to United Nations Children’s Fund...
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...physical and mental health of children and their consequent school experience and attainment. Child malnutrition still remains as one of the biggest problems that constrain school children from attending or performing well in school. Based on a Department of Education analysis of 50 public primary or elementary schools in some of the most impoverished provinces in the country, an average of up to 30 percent or almost one-third of the students weighed and interviewed were either mildly or severely malnourished. This echoes a World Health Organization report that over 30 percent of children in the country are malnourished. When you say malnutrition, it just means bad nutrition. Everyone who has bad nutrition usually does not have nutrients that a healthy body has. Children are usually the ones being affected by this condition, especially here in the Philippines. Child health is known to have important long-term effects on productivity during adulthood. As children are the future of every country, their situation is always of concern to policy makers, their parents and the general public. Ensuring children's health is a universally supported goal of development. Some may just shrug off shoulders in this case but malnutrition is a serious national problem that should be solved in the nearest possible time. This condition can lead to death. Using Philippine standards, protein-energy malnutrition affects 8.4% of Filipino children below...
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...Looking at malnutrition in America the U.S goes beyond the most common knowledge of malnutrition. When most people think of malnutrition they often think of lands where the people are starving, and boney. but that is not always the case when it comes to malnutrition. In fact one of the main forms of malnutrition one can see throughout the United States is "too much". Too much of fats, sugars, and salts, "These food excesses result in an added burden to the body and do not supply adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals". Not only are The United States suffering from "too much" they are also suffering from "too little", yet not the "too little" you might find in Haiti instead the are suffering from too little vitamins. “About 85% of Americans...
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...With this forced food habit, they fail to intake adequate nutrition. As a result, they become more prone to chronic illness and disability, which make them less productive. Malnutrition persists among the children all through their lives, hampering their due physical and intellectual development. This nutritional shortfall of their lives never gets filled up. By withdrawing from school or not ensuring proper medical services for them, they usually lead them to an uncertain future. SUFFERINGS OF THE WOMEN DUE TO FOOD PRICE HIKE Though women used to work for securing their households and contribute positively to the GDP of the country, they are more vulnerable and insecure in any situation. They are victimized for nutritional effects of high...
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...World Hunger and Malnutrition According to the United Nations World Food Programme, there are 925 million chronically hungry people in the world. That means one in seven people in the world do not get enough food to maintain a healthy body and lead active lifestyles, making hunger and malnutrition the number one risk to health world wide. Natural disasters, conflict, poverty, poor agricultural infrastructure and over-exploitation of the environment remain the key causes of hunger, and the recent economic slowdown in many countries have pushed more people into hunger (WFP). The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) states that more than 90% of the 925 million chronically hungry people in the world are in developing countries, there are 642 million in Asia and the Pacific, 265 million in Sub-Saharan Africa, 53 million in Latin America and the Caribbean, and 42 million in the Near East and North Africa. People who are chronically malnourished lack the nutrients needed for proper health and development. There are several forms of malnutrition; protein-energy malnutrition is a potentially fatal body depletion disorder where a person’s consumption of protein and energy is insufficient to maintain the body’s nutritional needs. Marasmus is caused by an energy deficiency that stunts growth, waste muscle, fat and tissues making the body appear extremely thin. Kwashiorkor is caused by protein deficiency making the arms, legs and stomach swell. Other forms of malnutrition are less visible...
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...Malnutrition: a serious THREAT Introduction Malnutrition is one of world’s most serious problems. When I was preparing for the final presentation for the class, which was on impact of child on the globe, I was shocked and taken aback with the numbers that fell under this category. 32% of the global burden of diseases can be removed by eliminating malnutrition. It also contributes to 50% of child deaths under the age group of fivei. All these figures made me look into details of who is doing what to overcome this devastating epidemic and how it is affecting our economy. This paper will illustrate the impact of malnutrition on businesses and economies, and how it has altered my outlook towards life. Malnutrition is not only an urgent global health issue; it is also a hitch to productivity, economic growth and poverty reduction. We again end up asking the unchanged question, who is responsible? Definition UNICEFii defines malnutrition as a broad term commonly used as an alternative to undernutrition but technically it also refers to overnutrition. People are malnourished if their diet does not provide adequate calories and protein for growth and maintenance or they are unable to fully utilize the food they eat due to illness (undernutrition). They are also malnourished if they consume too many calories (overnutrition). Words like GDP and GNP which was covered in the class, provided me with a different perspective to the situation. I took time to review the effect of malnutrition...
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...Malnutrition is a condition resulting from the deficiency of nutrients and energy provided to the body in comparison to its needs to be able to function properly (Atinmo 41). One in five developing countries such as those in Sub-Saharan Africa are afflicted by malnutrition specifically targeting children and those who live in rural areas defined by poverty (Atinmo 40). This chronic hunger has many negative affects on the people who live daily with this condition. Malnutrition stunts physical growth, lags learning capacities, increases a persons risk of developing a disease, and causes individuals to become weak not allowing them to work contributing to their poverty (Atinmo 40). Many factors contribute to the severe hunger of these people including...
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...Malnutrition in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States Malnutrition is a general term that includes many conditions, including under-nutrition, over nutrition and micronutrient deficiency diseases. Malnutrition is a serious threat to global public health it is the largest contributor to child mortality globally. According to the World Health Organization malnutrition is currently present in 45% percent of all cases of underweight births and inter-uterine growth restrictions and is estimated to be the cause of 1 million child deaths annually in the world. Studies have showed a correlation between childhood malnutrition and a decline in health. In addition, adults who have been previously malnourished as children experience lower educational achievement in adulthood and tend to give birth to smaller babies (World Health Organization, 2015). The causes of childhood malnutrition are complicated, diverse, interconnected and are often related to socioeconomic status in developing countries such as Brazil and Mexico when compared to the United States. The leading cause of malnutrition in children in developing countries like Mexico and Brazil is the lack of an adequate food supply (Fig. 1). A nutritious diet is necessary for children's growth, and without it children can experience higher rates of illness, chronic disease, anemia and other illnesses that often cause appetite sensation thus causing additional malnourishment. Under nutrition is calculated by comparing the weights...
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...malnutrition INTRODUCTION E.F. a 76 year old male was admitted to Ospital ng Lungsod ng San Jose Delmonte Bulacan, diagnosed with Malnutrition related to poor food intake secondary to upper respiratory tract infection. Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body does not get the right amount of the vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy tissues and organ function (J.Brozek,1978). Malnutrition is considered a key risk factor for pneumonia, and maintaining good nutritional status is thus important in preventing infection, poor nutritional status as measured by growth priority for particular attention when presenting with respiratory infections. Respiratory infections have been implicated in growth faltering, although there is as yet limited information on the mechanisms involved. Nevertheless, anorexia, fever, pain, vomiting (especially in pertussis) and associated diarrhea, may all be important contributory factors (GT,Heikens,2007). ARIs can be of the Upper Respiratory Tract, and the Lower Respiratory Tract. Upper respiratory tract infections are loosely divided by the areas they affect, causing common cold, otitis media and pharyngitis, the common cold primarily affecting the nose, the throat (pharyngitis), and the sinuses (sinusitis). Symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves. And of the Lower Respiratory Tract, causing bronchitis and pneumonia...
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