...Assignment On- “The Evolution of Management Thought and The Patterns of Management Analysis” Submitted To: Professor Dr. Abu Hossain Siddique Department of International Business University of Dhak 9th Batch, EMBA Date of Submission: 4th July,2012 INTRODUCTION Although modern management theory dates primarily from the early twentieth century, there was serious thinking and theorizing about managing many years before. Two events are especially significant to management history. First, in 1776, Adams Smith published The Wealth of Nations, in which he argued the economic advantages that organizations and society would gain from the division of labor (or job specialization). The second important event is the industrial revolution. Starting in the late eighteenth century when machine power was substituted for human power, it became more economical to manufacture goods in factories than at home. These large, efficient factories needed someone to forecast demand, ensure that enough material was on hand to make products, assign task to people, direct daily activities, and so fort. That “someone” was managers, and these managers would need formal theories to guide them in running these large organizations. It wasn’t until the early 1900s, however, that the first steps were taken toward developing such theories. The evolution of modern management thinking begins in the nineteenth century...
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...Classical Management Theory (1900 – 1930) It was the rise of the Industrial Revolution and factories were becoming more common. Inside these factories, managers were constantly look for ways to improve productivity and efficiency. As time moved on, it became apparent that searching for the single best way to do things was the most important thing for managers to do. Thus, classical management theory was born. The Evolution of Classical Management Theory The Industrial Revolution was a time where innovation really began to change the way that products were produced and sold. The invention of machines to produce goods in the 19th century drastically improved productivity, which in turn lowered the cost to the consumer. The lower price resulted in a greater demand for products and thus a greater need for more factories and workers. As factories increased in number, managers continued to search for ways to improve productivity, lower cost, increase quality of their products, improve employee/manager relationships and increase efficiency. The focus shifted from using machines to increase productivity to how they could increase employee productivity and efficiency. When they did this, they began to notice some new problems inside their factory systems. Employees were dissatisfied with their current working conditions, and many lacked the necessary training for how to do their work efficiently. Managers then began to formulate and test possible solutions, one of which was to find...
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...The formation of organization implies that a leader should take the role to control the activities of the group; the work done by the leader is what we call management. Organization is formed by a group of people who work together. No matter the organization is a profit making ones or non-profit making ones, its formations are to achieve a common purpose or variety of goals, which are the desired future outcomes. The outcomes might be producing a series of product or serving a group of target customers or satisfying others¡¦ needs. In these organizations, managers mainly are responsible to supervising the work performance of the group members and deciding the use of resources to achieve the organization’s goal. Management can be simply defined as getting things accomplished through other people. Management is then the term describe the work done by the manager, which are planning, organizing, leading and controlling the use of human and other resources, in order to help the organization to achieve a higher organization performance. Planning is to define to goals or targets of the organization and devising action plans to meet organization goals. Organizing is to determine what tasks should be done, arrange jobs to subordinates, controlling the budgeting and divided tasks to individuals or teams. Leading is to motivate staffs to work, maintaining the progress of activities and good relationship and to ensure to work done effective and efficient. Controlling is to measure...
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...About Accenture Accenture is a company focused on management consulting, technology services and outsourcing. If we base solely in net profit it was the biggest consulting group in the world on the year 2014 by achieving net revenue of 30 billion dollars. Accenture starter as a company in 1950 under the name Andersen Consulting later on, in 2001 it changed its name to Accenture and became publicly traded thus giving birth to the company we know today. Accenture has around 300.000 employees scattered around the world in approximately 120 countries. Management in the corporation For the writing of this research project we will use several sources to gather information about the company but most precisely about its management practices. We...
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...Participative Management One of the most important assets in a business is human capital. The potential success of a company relay on its employees from top to bottom of its hierarchical structure. A company needs to achieve maximum output out of its employees both physically and intellectually. Employees tends to give more output when they are motivated. A successful organization can generally trace its success to motivated employees. One of the methods for motivating the employees is employee involvement. Participative management is also known as participative decision making or employee involvement or industrial democracy. In participative management, stakeholders at all organizational levels are invited for the analysis of the problems, development of strategies, and implementation of solutions. The employees are encouraged to take part in decision making process of the firm by participating in the activities like goal setting, work schedule determination and suggestion making. Apart from involving employees in the decision making process, it treats their ideas and suggestions with due respect and consideration. Employee ownership of the company is the most extensive form of participative management. Participative management helps to improve work practices, organizational performance and productivity. It encourages its employees to play important roles in the organization and to convey their ideas and messages to the mangers or to the top level. It is regarded as a significant...
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...Introduction to Management Technology BMRT 11009 - Section 300 Kent State University MANAGEMENT AMY HISSOM 10/26/2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 3 Managers and Managing ........................................................................................................................ 4 What is Management?..................................................................................................................... 4 Essential Managerial Tasks............................................................................................................... 4 Levels and Skills of Managers ........................................................................................................... 4 Recent Changes in Management Practices ....................................................................................... 5 Challenges for Management in a Global Environment ...................................................................... 5 The Evolution of Management Thought ................................................................................................. 6 F. W. Taylor (1890-1940): Scientific Management ............................................................................ 6 The Gilbreths: Time-and-Motion Study ....................................................................................
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...E-Commerce along with the supply chain management system and the customer relationship management system. Note that AutoZone is a company that distributes and sells automotive spare parts and accessories to its various stores in the country. This business organization is already operating in different geographical locations and is continuing to grow while maintaining its supply chain as a vital component of the business. In this regard, it is argued that the AutoZone Company needs to develop such a comprehensive and integrated system in order to maximize the business benefits of the supply chain management system, the customer relationship management system and the e-commerce system. To date, the work that has been completed includes the development of the individual systems, namely, the supply chain management system and the customer relationship management system. These two systems have already been individually developed by the company, which means that the supply chain management system and the customer relationship management system are already functioning separately. The company is already benefitting from the use of these two systems, but the system is still not yet linked or integrated with each other. The supply chain management system functions properly in terms of providing support for the suppliers and the company in coordinating their efforts in maintaining the inventory. On the other hand, the customer relationship management is basic and simplified, but is already...
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.... Introduction It is fortunately for this generation manager because they have more than century's management theory and thought to retrospect. Although modern management theory dates primarily from the early twentieth century, there was serious thinking and theorizing about managing many years before. Throughout many different contributions of writers and practitioners have resulted different approaches to management, resulting in a kind of management theory jungle and help them to face the challenge of the future. Despite the inexactness and relative crudity of management theory, the development of thought on management dates back to the days when people first attempted to accomplish goals by working together in groups. To know something of the background of the development of management thought. 'Even limited knowledge can help one appreciate the many opinions, ideas, and scientific underpinnings which preceded the upsurge of management thought may help us avoid rediscovering previously know ideas.' (Harold Koontz, Heinz Weihrich, 1988) 2. Development in management theory 2.1 Management Development History The history of modern management has been characterized by the swing of a pendulum. 'Trace back the evolution of management theory from the nineteenth century to the present day--basically from Taylorism to Japanization.' (John Sheldrake, 1997) Scientific management developed in the crucible of American industrialization and subsequently spread throughout the industrial...
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...One of the first schools of management, the classical management theory, developed during the Industrial Revolution when new problems related to the factory system began to appear. Managers were unsure of how to train employees. A large amount of the non-English speaking immigrants or dealing with increased labor dissatisfaction caused managers to test solutions. According to Plunkett, Attner & Allen (2008) “The classical management focused on finding the “one best way” to perform and manage tasks” (p.38). This school of thought is made up of two branches: classical scientific and classical administrative. The scientific branch arose because of the need to increase efficiency and productivity. The emphasis was on trying to find the best way to get the most work done by examining how the work process was actually accomplished and by paying close attention to the skills of the workforce. The classical scientific school got its roots to several contributors, including Frederick Taylor, Henry Gantt, and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth. Whereas scientific management focused on the productivity of the certain individuals, the classical administrative approach emphasizes on the total organization. The emphasis is on the development of managerial principles rather than work methods. Contributors to this school of thought include: Henri Fayol, Max Weber, Mary Parker Follett, and Chester I. Barnard. During World War II, mathematicians, physicists, and others joined together to solve...
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...Explain the value of studying management Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-1 Why are Managers Important? ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-2 ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-4 Who Are Managers? • Organizations need their managerial skills and abilities more than ever in these uncertain, complex, and chaotic times. • Managerial skills and abilities are critical in getting things done. • The quality of the employee/supervisor relationship is the most important variable in productivity and loyalty. Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter 1-3 • Manager – Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter Classifying Managers Exhibit 1‐1: Levels of Management • First‐line Managers ‐ Individuals who manage the work of non‐managerial employees. • Middle Managers ‐ • Top Managers ‐ Individuals who are responsible for making organization‐wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization. Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-5 Where Do Managers Work? Management, Eleventh...
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...Performance Management in the Toyota India Company Name Institution Introduction In the recent past, most of the organizations have shifted their focus to the use of performance management as a method of ensuring their productivity and improved performance. Performance management has enabled the organization’s management understand their work and employees expectations, goals, identify development and learning issues, evaluate performance outcomes and provide the management with feedback on operations efficiencies. Some of the benefits associated with performance management to the organization include enhancement of continued improvement, adaptation of the employees to the organizational change, promoting creativity and promotes professional development among other benefits. Successful application of the performance management in an organization relies on the adoption of the performance management principles and process. This includes performance planning, daily coaching and feedback, quarterly performance and formal review of performance in an organization. Purpose of this report and scope of this report This report will analyze in detail the performance management system in the Toyota India Company. This will include providing an overview of the organization’s human resource approaches, goals and its structure. Additionally, the report will analyze some of the organization’s management policies and procedures, strategies, policies, tools...
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...2.4 The Environmental Management System (EMS) application in the related industries. How it can improve the environmental performance of business? Example. 2.4.1 THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS) Definition: the environmental management system (EMS) refer to one part of the comprehensive management system that relate to organizational structure, planning activities and documented manner, it includes planning, implementation, checking, management review and environmental policy. An environmental management system (EMS) 1. It is environmental performance improving tool. 2. It is effective way to manage organizational companies. 3. Manage organizations to solve environmental problems, like allocation of resources, assignment of responsibility and ongoing evaluation of practices, procedures and processes. 4. Manage the long-term or short-term environmental impact of products service and processes for organizations. 5. Continual improvement is emphasis. EMS Model Plan Act Do Check Step 1: plan (planning) Definition: planning is a way of establish objectives and processes requirement. In order to implement ISO 14001, the first step is suggestion, to help to classify all the current or future operation elements. It includes environmental aspects, compliance, objectives and targets, environmental management programs (EMP). Business firms should plan for environmental protection. They need to plan their current operation or even future operation. The...
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...Management is universal in the modern industrial world. Every industrial organization requires the making of decisions, the coordinating of activities, the handling of people, and the evaluation of performance directed toward group objectives. In addition, our society simply could not exist as we know it today or improve its present status without a steady stream of managers to guide its organization. Peter Drucker makes this same point in stating that effective management is quickly becoming the main resource of developed counties and the most needed resource of developing ones (Certo, 1986). In short, management is very important to our world. Then, what is management? This essay will discuss this topic as following. It has to be recognized that the definitions of management are extremely broad. Harbison and Myers (1959) offered a concept for emphasizing a broader scope for the viewpoint of management. They observe management as an economic resource, a system of authority, and a class or elite from the view of the economist, a specialist in administration and organization, and sociologist respectively. Henri Fayol, “the father of modern management theory,” formulated fourteen principles of management. Hugo Munsterberg applied psychology to industry and management. Max Weber is known for his theory of bureaucracy. Vilfredo Pareto is considered “the father of the social systems approach.” Elton Mayo and F.J. Roethlisberger became famous through their studies of the impact...
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...Restaurant Managers are responsible for controlling profitability, optimising restaurant management and overseeing sales, human resources and team management in their respective stores. Profile • Displays managerial and leadership qualities • Autonomous employees who enjoy taking an initiative • Well organised individual • Self-controlled, disciplined and highly driven Operations management (OM) can be defined as "Managing the available resources by designing, planning, controlling, improvising and scheduling the firms systems & functions and thereby deliver the firm's primary product & services. " It has been an integral part of manufacturing and service organisation and is aimed at timely delivery of finished goods & services to the customers and also achieving it in a cost effective manner. It consist of an amalgamation of different functions including quality management, design & industrial engineering, facility and channel management, production management, operational research, work force management, enhancing product design, improvising productivity, and improve customer services. The traditional McDonald's philosophy that acts as the guiding force behind it's operational make-up is "Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value". The importance of operation management can be divided into three broad categories:- Assistance in Strategic Decisions (Long term):- Operation management decision at the strategic level affect McDonald's effectiveness to address customers...
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...Introduction to Management and Organizations True/False Questions A MANAGER’S DILEMMA 1. Today’s managers are just as likely to be women as they are men. (True; moderate; p. 4) 2. Management affects employee morale but not a company’s financial performance. (False; easy; p. 4) WHO ARE MANAGERS? 3. In order to be considered a manager, an individual must coordinate the work of others. (True; moderate; p. 5) 4. Supervisors and foremen may both be considered first-line managers. (True; moderate; p. 6) WHAT IS MANAGEMENT? 5. Effectiveness refers to the relationship between inputs and outputs. (False; moderate; p. 8) 6. Effectiveness is concerned with the means of getting things done, while efficiency is concerned with the attainment of organizational goals. (False; moderate; p. 8) 7. A goal of efficiency is to minimize resource costs. (True; moderate; p. 8) 8. Efficiency is often referred to as “doing things right.” (True; moderate; p. 8) 9. Managers who are effective at meeting organizational goals always act efficiently. (False; difficult; p. 8) WHAT DO MANAGERS DO? 10. The four contemporary functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. (True; easy; p. 9) 11. Determining who reports to whom is part of the controlling function of management. (False; easy; p. 9) 12. Directing and motivating are part of the controlling function of management. (False; moderate; p. 9) 13. Fayol’s management functions...
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