...go into the principles associated with Taylor, Fayol, and Weber, who are people that are known as the main contributors to the classical approaches of management. Taylor is known for scientific management. It stressed carefully choosing and training workers and supervisory support. Fayol started administrative principles using “rules” of management. Bureaucratic organization is how Weber learned to do management, which is based on an organizational structure that promotes efficiency and fairness. Each person has a different view on management, but they have some similarities. Contingency thinking is also discussed in this paper and how it might apply to management. Contingency thinking is how managers try to match problems and opportunities to different situations. Then the paper tells us why the external environment is so important in the open-systems view of organizations. The paper finishes off by distinguishing Theory X and Theory Y assumptions and why McGregor believed Theory Y was the better one of the two. Assignment 1 Four questions were asked for assignment one of MGT210. The first question asks to identify principles associated with Taylor, Fayol, and Weber. The second question is to define contingency thinking and analyze how it might apply to management. The next question asks to evaluate why the external environment is so important in the open-system view of organizations. Then final question is to distinguish between Theory X and Theory Y assumptions...
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...December 10, 2014 Introduction Management effectiveness in leadership styles is essential to many industries; it has been of very significant importance. Management is essential and crucial to an enterprise and the primary source of long-term differentiation between firms. According to Steven Covey’s, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People it is based upon a set of principles that directs individual effectiveness through inside-out management, one that begins with a focus on one’s self. I will summarize the management theories, how they apply to my organization, compare and contrast two articles that relate to my organization and evaluate my organization in relation to my analysis. Theory X and Theory Y developed by Douglas McGregor in the 1950’s are to be considered theoretical assumptions of management. The focus of theories was on the cosomolgy of managers to elucidate the effects of managerial assumptions on employee work behavior. The central task of management is the control, where they cannot be any prediction without underling the theory. All management decisions and actions rest on a personally held theory (McGregor, Douglas, 1960). McGregor’s ideas of the theories reflect the six ideas, (1) managers make assumptions about employees in work organizations, even if they are unaware of doing so. (2) Two broad categories of managerial assumptions can be identified: an unenthusiastic view (Theory X), and a more enthusiastic view (Theory Y), (3) there are three element...
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...Scientific Management Frederick W. Taylor Introduction – Frederick W. Taylor was not only recognized but also criticized over his theory of Scientific Management and its validity. My primary source “ The ideas of Frederick W. Taylor: An evaluation” outlines both sides. Taylor’s main aim was to eradicate the inefficiencies found in the workplace, improving the relationship between labour and management through three main principles being standardization, task allocation and money bonus. His main theory was that management should be based on proven fact not tradition (Locke, 1982). The science behind it being that one can’t manage what one can’t measure. (Darmody, 2007) With the use of other readings I have been able to identify the most common criticisms regarding Taylors theory and whether the have merit. By applying Taylor’s theory to a contemporary example, Subway, I can distinguish the validity of it and outline how it reflects within the organization and how it benefits the employee- employer relationship Paragraph one – Topic Sentence: Standardization is Taylor’s first main principle within his theory of scientific management; a principle that is in fact is hard to dispute its validity. * In The primary source it highlights this and states how it’s become widely accepted in contemporary organizations and how it applies to all aspects (Locke, 1982) * Standardisation improved employee – employer relationships. (Taneja, Pryor & Toombs, 2011). ...
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...Executive Management Module 1 February 14, 2014 Highlight the management theories or principles of each reading Understanding and Using the Best-Sellers This chapter discusses the books that have been on high demand for focusing on different aspects of management. The first reason why the books have been successful is for the tremendous thirst for American success and a desire to learn what would stop some of the negative incidents. The second reason is fighting for the visibility and way to be different from other managements. This is to provide a message to take home that is positive, unique and also able to gain wide exposure. The third reason is being able to provide a hopeful message to a receptive market. The message helps business create an easy path to personal success. The fourth reason is an increased principle in commitment to proactive organizational change and a search for differentiating one’s approach. In order to find a book that is a good fit you must look at the pros and cons of each book. There are several areas the author wants you to review. A few includes author credentials, rationale, face validity and target organizations. Flawed Advice and the Management Trap Argyris talks about how people receive and accept advice that is basically flawed. He uses two modules to explain where the flaws exist. Module I behavior is focused on protecting oneself and having a biased view of everyone. Protectionism and defensiveness are the bases for the behavior. Module...
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...understanding the complexities and how it can be applied into today’s dynamic markets. How one’s leadership style or aspiration can be compared to the traditional and common leadership styles. As a new entrepreneur, the many resources that are available such as Small Business Administration (SBA) and SCORE can assist in the start up of their business/product/service. Finally, the personal principles in leadership is important because it engrains and reminds the leader in being focused on their vision and goals and their success is in combination by the support of their followers. The interest in entrepreneurial leadership has been an area that has been researched and theorized. Many theorists would vary in their philosophy of what constitutes or creates an entrepreneur leader. Many research findings proposed that entrepreneurs are innovative, motivated to achieve, and risk takers/ strategists. (1).What are the common elements theories/principles that relate to the new definition of entrepreneurial leadership in today’s dynamic market? Based on these theories what kind of leadership style I may apply or hope to become, the tools/resources as an entrepreneur, and the personal principles that I would choose to apply in leadership. To begin, we need to define the common elements in the theories/philosophies in entrepreneurial leadership. For example, Steve Case, James Kouzes and Peter Drucker share a commonalty in their theories based on leadership. They...
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...Running head: Evolution of Management Principles The Evolution of Management Principles Tim Akers American Public University 20 April 2013 ABSTRACT In this paper I will be explaining the evolution of management from the beginning of the industrial revolution to present which includes Classical School of Management, the Human Relations/ Behavioral School of Management, Theory X and Y, the Scientific Approach, Contingency Approach, and Theory Z. I will also be comparing the classical style and the present style to each other and to my current work environment. The Evolution of Management Principles The Classical school of thought began during the Industrial Revolution around 1900 and continued into the 1920s when new problems related to the factory system began to appear. Managers were unsure of how to train employees (many of them non-English speaking immigrants) or deal with increased labor dissatisfaction, so they began to test solutions. Traditional or classical management focuses on efficiency and includes scientific, bureaucratic and administrative management. Bureaucratic management needs a rational set of structuring guidelines, such as rules and procedures, hierarchy, and a clear division of labor. Scientific management focuses on the "one best way" to do the job. Administrative management emphasizes the flow of information in the operation of the organization. The first management theory approach to emerge was scientific...
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...University of Makati J.P. Rizal Extension, West Rembo, Makati City College of Allied Health Studies Center of Nursing CONTEMPORARY THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP There has been much research compiled that compares the differences of the classic theories of leadership and management versus contemporary style of leadership and management. Both styles have been found to have their unique advantages, depending on the type of organization the theories are being utilized in. In this paper, I will be discussing the key variables needed in a leadership theory to effectively lead and manage others. I will also examine major components of each theory, and how they compare to one another. Finally, I will examine which theory best fits my leadership qualities, and my ability to lead others in an organizational setting. SERVANT LEADERSHIP theory Servant leadership is a philosophy and set of practices that enriches the lives of individuals, builds better organizations and ultimately creates a more just and caring world. While servant leadership is a timeless concept, the phrase “servant leadership” was coined by Robert K. Greenleaf in The Servant as Leader, an essay that he first published in 1970. In that essay, Greenleaf said: “The servant-leader is servant first. It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first. Then conscious choice brings one to aspire to lead. That person is sharply different from one who is leader first, perhaps because of...
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...Running head: The Importance of Management 1 The Importance of Management Chelsea Winslow MGT330: Management of Organizations Paul Verlasky THE IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT 2 Introduction Management is crucial in developing the operations of organizations. The structure of an organization is the foundation that an organization positions itself on and determines the success of the organization. Without management, organizations would lack defined purpose and goals. Management in organizations has led to studies of various theories of management. There are numerous theories and ideas that have shaped management principles within organizations. Despite the ever changing environment of organizations, there are five core functions that have remained intact. These functions are: leading, planning, staffing, organizing and controlling. Every organization and its needs are unique and specific to that organization. Every organization will have a different approach and way of operating, but these five core functions are the constant in the implementation of each organization’s goals. These core functions can be observed in one of the retail industry leaders, Macy’s. As a former employee of this organization, I observed these five functions of management in the achievement of their goals. Also, as a former employee of this organization, I believe I can elucidate more on the process of application of these functions in various situations...
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...One of the first schools of management, the classical management theory, developed during the Industrial Revolution when new problems related to the factory system began to appear. Managers were unsure of how to train employees. A large amount of the non-English speaking immigrants or dealing with increased labor dissatisfaction caused managers to test solutions. According to Plunkett, Attner & Allen (2008) “The classical management focused on finding the “one best way” to perform and manage tasks” (p.38). This school of thought is made up of two branches: classical scientific and classical administrative. The scientific branch arose because of the need to increase efficiency and productivity. The emphasis was on trying to find the best way to get the most work done by examining how the work process was actually accomplished and by paying close attention to the skills of the workforce. The classical scientific school got its roots to several contributors, including Frederick Taylor, Henry Gantt, and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth. Whereas scientific management focused on the productivity of the certain individuals, the classical administrative approach emphasizes on the total organization. The emphasis is on the development of managerial principles rather than work methods. Contributors to this school of thought include: Henri Fayol, Max Weber, Mary Parker Follett, and Chester I. Barnard. During World War II, mathematicians, physicists, and others joined together to solve...
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...Critical Review and Personal Analysis of Scientific Management Introduction Comparing to the economic environment in past decades, in today’s economy, more and more large companies and firms tend to find suitable management methods to regulate and operate their labour forces in consideration of maximizing efficiency and profits. Certainly, without an applicable management method, firms and corporations will lack of dynamic and motive power to operate decently. Taylorism, also known as scientific management, is one of the most well-known and widely applied management method introduced by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the late 18th century, and this theory was peaked in the early 19th century. Taylor argued that the fundamental of seeking wealth for both employers and employees is to have working efficiency and productivity maximized; to reach this working stage, a company is required to manage and operate scientifically rather than empirically. (Wikipedia, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_management) In fact, Taylor’s scientific management is criticized by socialists and workers as it only focus on productivity and efficiency and treat workers as ‘machines and animals’, and it is also argued to be the tool of exploitation for capitalists. Indeed, in my opinion, despite the efficiency and productivity advantages that scientific management can generate, its inconsideration of employees personal affects and emotions will not only impair the future of a company, but also...
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...Joshua Streich Executive Management MBA5000 Professor Nwanne September 6th, 2013 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Leadership Model 4 Value and Vision 4 Direction and Alignment 6 Motivate and Empower 10 Learning and Change 13 Summary 16 References 17 Introduction: What is leadership? How do we know if we are a successful leader? Peter Drucker once asked, “What is it that all leaders have in common (O’Toole. 1999)?” Drucker simply answered his own question by stating, “All leaders have only one thing in common: followers” (O’Toole. 1999). He defined the prime role of a leader as “creating followers” (O’Toole. 1999). Leaders inspire and motivate people to take action, producing a change that strategically moves the organization forward. There are eleven generally agreed upon traits that leaders possess. These traits include self-confidence, trustworthiness, dominance, extroversion, assertiveness, emotional stability, enthusiasm, sense of humor, warmth, self-awareness, and a high tolerance for frustration (O’Toole. 1999). For several years now, a large number of newly published books have focused on various aspects of management (Pierce & Newstrom, 2011, pg.4). This has been a result of many individuals demanding information and analysis of how to properly manage and stay ahead of the competition through better management and leadership practices. There are many different management and leadership theories and practices currently being...
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...differently in future back at the workplace. We recommend that you maintain a full Development Record (Learning Log) (available on the VLE) for CPD purposes as you go through the programme (this does not have to be submitted with your assessments). The box below simply asks you to reflect on your key learning drawn from that and how it links (i.e. new development needs that you have identified as a result of your learning) subsequently to your updated Development Plan below that you are submitting with your unit assessment. Development Plan | NAME: | ZARINA ZHUSSUPOVA | MEMBERSHIP NUMBER: | 42818953 | COVERING THE PERIOD FROM: | JANUARY | TO: | JUNE | Planned outcome What do I want/need to learn? | What will I do to achieve this? | What resources or support will I need? | What will my success criteria be? | Target dates for review and completion | To get more knowledge of main principles of management recruitment in our National Company “KazMunayGas” (JSC) (hereinafter-KMG)To get more knowledge of how to give the written answers (to write official letters) to people with different requests: about sponsorship, employment, etc.I need to improve my knowledge in Excel, Power Point, PDF programmes To learn an...
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...The Supply and Demand Simulation that was taken through the University of Phoenix utilizes the principles of microeconomics and macroeconomics concepts and theories. These concepts and theories are explained and relate to the principle of microeconomics and macroeconomics. The simulation actually presents relative reasons in the supply and demand curve, as well as an explanation for the shift. Each shift in the supply and demand curve is analyzed, which forecasts the effects of equilibrium price, decision making for the company presented and the quantity. The obtained concepts in the simulation will enable me to utilize and apply them to my current workplace. With the explanation of price elasticity, one can understand the effects that demand has on the pricing strategy for consumers and companies and how important a strong strategy is relevant to success. Atlantis is a nice neighborhood within the simulation that has many amenities that consumers look for (University of Phoenix, 2012). The simulation neighborhood of Atlantis utilizes two bedroom apartment rentals to present the effects of supply and demand for potential customers. The simulation also presented many other scenarios that the management company encountered with the two bedroom apartment rentals, such as how the apartment rental price can affect supply and demand while trying to stay competitive in the market of real estate. The simulation utilizes microeconomics concepts to illustrate the reasons for change in...
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...Organization and Management Analysis Organization and Management Analysis: Introduction: Management process is the coordinated, guided and well planned effort of staff using organizations and measures to achieve organizational goals. Adoption of appropriate management theories and styles by each organization is vital. For the successful management of an organization, Knowledge of various organizational theories, management theories and styles are considered to be one of the major quality of a good manager. Ignorance of the structure is a limitation and hinders the growth of the organization, self and development of staff. This essay gives an idea of different organizational theories, management theories and styles, management styles and theories used in my organization and the changes that could make the organization better. Standardization is necessary for the modernization of organizational management research. ‘Reliability and consistency is essential in researching the investigational accuracy of beliefs in organizational management and is reflected by conflicts. (Donaldson, L., Qiu, J., & Luo, B. N. (2013)) 1. Describe various organizational theories. “Organizational theory explains the functions of an organization to produce appreciation and gratitude of organization. It is the study of organizational operation and performance and the conduct of groups and individuals working in them.” (Le Bach, P. (n.d).What Are Organizational Theories?) According to...
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...No: Date Issued : Date Due : Date of Submission: Date Issued : Date Due : Date of Submission: Unit Assessment Information Qualification : Higher National Diploma in Business Management Unit Code & Title : QCF/ H/601/0551 Unit 03/ Organizations and Behaviour Assessment Title & No’s : Learning outcomes and grading opportunities: LO 01: Understand the relationship between organizational structure and culture | Learning Outcomes | LO1.1 | LO1.2 | LO1.3 | | | | | LO 02: Understand different approaches to management and leadership | Learning Outcomes | LO2.1 | LO2.2 | LO2.3 | | | | | LO 03: Understand ways of using motivational theories in organizations | Learning Outcomes | LO3.1 | LO3.2 | LO3.3 | | | | | LO 04: Understand mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organizations | Learning Outcomes | LO4.1 | LO4.2 | LO4.3 | | | | | Merit and Distinction Descriptor | M1 | M2 | M3 | D1 | D2 | D3 | | | | | Unit Assessment Information Qualification : Higher National Diploma in Business Management Unit Code & Title : QCF/ H/601/0551 Unit 03/ Organizations and Behaviour Assessment Title & No’s : Learning outcomes and grading opportunities: LO 01:...
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