FINAL REPORT
VINAMILK OPERATIONS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Subject: BUS 359 – Operations and Supply Chain Management
Instructors: Mr. Le Vinh Quang Mr. Kieu Manh Kha Mr. Phillips Reginald
Group 2: Le Anh Linh | 1132300231 | Tran Thi Ngan Giang | 1132300194 | Tran Thi Kieu Diem | 1132300175 | Giap Thi Kim Dung | 113230018 | Huynh Mai Anh Thu | 1132300332 | Nguyen Ngoc Bao Tran | 1132300351 |

Table of contents:

I. Introduction: 1 II. Overview about Vinamilk supply chain management: 2 III. Supply chain management: 4 1. Material resources: 4 2. Manufactures: 6 3. Production process of Vinamilk products. 9 4. The stage of the distribution output. 11 5. Logistics 13 IV. Problems and solutions for Vinamilk supply chain management: 13 1. Distribution issue: 13 2. Logistics issue: 15 3. Input materials issue: 17 V. Conclusion: 18 VI. References: 19

I. Introduction: * Company profile:
Full name: Viet Nam Milk Joint Stock Company
Brief name: VINAMILK
International trading name: Vietnam dairy products Joint- Stock company. * Vision:
Become the Vietnam symbol about the nutritional and health service of human life. * Mission:
Bringing to the community the best nutrition, the best quality with the respect, love and his responsibility for human life and social status * Core value: * Integrity:
Integrity, honesty in all actions and transactions. * Respect: Respect for yourself, respect for colleagues, respected company, respected partnership and cooperation. * Equity:
Fair with employees, customers, suppliers and other stakeholders. * Morality:
Respect these standards have been established and acted ethics. * Compliance: Enforce the law, the code of conduct and regulations, policies and regulations of the company. * Products
According to the sales and production, Vinamilk is a biggest milk company in Vietnam.
The list of products includes liquid milk, milk powder, condensed milk, yoghurt, and cheese and ice- cream. Vinamilk give consumers a portfolio of products, flavors and packaging specifications have many choices most. II. Overview about Vinamilk supply chain management:
Structure of Vinamilk supply chain management includes a process from purchasing materials to manufacturing process to distributing stage to retailers and finally to customers. This process is detail as following.
Agents
Agents
Distributors
Distributors
Vinamilk Company
Vinamilk Company * The dairy farm * Packaging manufacturing companies * The sugar factories * Suppliers of other materials * The dairy farm * Packaging manufacturing companies * The sugar factories * Suppliers of other materials

Retailers
Retailers

Customers
Customers

Suppliers
Suppliers
* Ingredients: * Fresh milk from the dairy farms in provinces as Tuyen Quang, Binh Dinh, Nghe An, Thanh Hoa, Lam Dong, Tay Ninh, Ha Tinh. * Milk powder: Fonterra, Hoogwegt, International. * Sugar: chocolate, aromatherapy. * Packaging: Perstima Binh Duong, Tetra Pak. * Ingredients: * Fresh milk from the dairy farms in provinces as Tuyen Quang, Binh Dinh, Nghe An, Thanh Hoa, Lam Dong, Tay Ninh, Ha Tinh. * Milk powder: Fonterra, Hoogwegt, International. * Sugar: chocolate, aromatherapy. * Packaging: Perstima Binh Duong, Tetra Pak.

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* Truong Tho milk manufacturer * Da Nang milk manufaturer * Lam Son milk manufacturer * Dilac milk manufacturer * Thong Nhat milk manufacturer * Ha Noi milk manufacturer * Binh Dinh milk manufacturer * Nghe An milk manufacture * Sai Gon milk manufacturer * Can Tho milk manufacturer * Tien Son milk manufacturer * Miraka milk manufacturer * Truong Tho milk manufacturer * Da Nang milk manufaturer * Lam Son milk manufacturer * Dilac milk manufacturer * Thong Nhat milk manufacturer * Ha Noi milk manufacturer * Binh Dinh milk manufacturer * Nghe An milk manufacture * Sai Gon milk manufacturer * Can Tho milk manufacturer * Tien Son milk manufacturer * Miraka milk manufacturer |
Manufacturers
Manufacturers

Distributiors
Distributiors

* Head Office: District 7, Ho Chi Minh City. * The branches in provinces as Ha Noi, Da Nang, Can Tho. * Introducing products to domestic markets as Southern, Central, and Western. * Exporting products to international market as North America, Middle East, Asia, The Americas, Australia, Canada, France, Russia, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, China, Laos, Philippine, Cambodia, Maldives, Bulgaria, Nigeria, Mali, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka * Agent: 1400 agents |

* Over 5000 retailers as Big C, Metro, Coopmart supermarket.

* Over 5000 retailers as Big C, Metro, Coopmart supermarket.

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Retailers
Retailers

* Individual consumers. * Organizations consumers: Schools, Hospitals.

* Individual consumers. * Organizations consumers: Schools, Hospitals.

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Customers
Customers

III. Supply chain management: 1. Material resources:
Vinamilk is a manufacture company, so like other manufacture firms the first stage of Vinamilk’s the supply chain is choosing and buying raw and processed materials. Vinamilk buys its materials from both domestic and foreign suppliers. In domestic market, it collects raw milk from more than 6,200 farmers (Chi Cu Ha Nam, 2014) and from its own farms over the country. The milk from farmers and farms have been collected through 80 collected stations, which have been built over the Vietnam to make cold fresh milk in short time for keeping the fresh (Chi Cu Ha Nam, 2014). Vinamilk is not only strict with its collected stations but also with its fresh milk suppliers. They have to follow strict tests to ensure the quality standards of materials that have been contracted with Vinamilk. For example, the high quality milk has to satisfy the following standards: * Senses: delicious, natural and fresh milk without any strange tastes or colors. * The fresh, the acid and the microbiological criteria. * Heavy metal standard. * Pesticides, Veterinary Drug - Origins (do not use cow disease).
Collected
Stations
Collected
Stations
Farmers and
Vinamilk Farms
Farmers and
Vinamilk Farms
Vinamilk Processed Firms
Vinamilk Processed Firms

In 2014, Vinamilk owns six big milk cow farms over the country including Tuyen Quang, Nghe An, Thanh Hoa, Binh Đinh, Lam Đong with the amount of investment up to 1,600 billion VND. It also plans to build three new farms in Ha Tinh, Thanh Hoa, and Tay Linh. As a result, it increases the total milk cows of Vinamilk to 46,000 cows. The total amount of cows provides milk for Vinamilk in 2014 up to 80,000. It supplies approximately 550 tons of fresh milk every day. With the amount of domestic milk it can satisfies 40% of fresh milk materials for Vinamilk. In that the farmers provides 20% and the rest is from the Vinamilk farms. Besides, the quantity of milk which it can produce, Vinamilk is also the first company that received Global G.A.P. certificate in the Southeast Asia (Dong, A. 2014). To achieve this certificate, the whole company has to work with its own high standards. For instance, all cows of Vinamilk farms have to wear two electronic chips to check for the health, the quality of milk, the disease and other criteria. Furthermore, Vinamilk also lets cows sleep on cushions and listen to music every day (Tu. U, 2014).
The materials buy from foreign suppliers can be directly or through the middle man. There are four main firms which provide imported materials for Vinamilk including Fonterra (SEA) Pte Ltd, Hoogwegt International, Perstima Binh Duong-Vietnam and Tetra Pak Indochina (Nguyen, n.d.). * Fonterra is Multinational Corporation in milk and dairy products in the world, which holds 1/3 number of transactions in milk and dairy field (Gafin, 2013). * Hoogwegt International is a leading dairy company over the world, which was established in 1965 in the Netherlands (Hoogwegt, n.d.) Name of suppliers | Product(s) supplied | Fonterra (SEA) Pte Ltd | Milk power | Hoogwegt International | Milk power | Perstima Binh Duong-Vietnam | Tins | Tetra Pak Indochina | Cartons packing and packing machines |

To Vinamilk and any companies, the quality and the quantity of materials is always vital to the success and development of their business. As a result, choosing and purchasing materials is the first stage that contributes to the success of the supply chain within that business. 2. Manufactures: * Truong Tho milk manufacturer: * Address: 32 Dang Van Bi, Truong Tho Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City. * Tel: (84.8) 38 960 727 - Fax: (84.8) 38,966,884 * Specializing in the production: sweetened condensed milk, pasteurized fresh milk, soya milk, yogurt, fruit juice, and cheese. * Thong Nhat milk manufacturer: * Address: 12 Dang Van Bi, Truong Tho Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City. * Tel: (84.8) 62 529 555 - Fax: (84.8) 62,885,727 * Specializing in the production: sweetened condensed milk pasteurized fresh milk, cream, yogurt, and yogurt drink. * Dilac powdered milk manufacturer: * Address: Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone, Binh An Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province. * Tel: (84.61) 3836 115 - Fax: (84.61) 3836 015 * Specializing in the production: milk powder for children and adults, and nutritional powder for children. * Sai Gon milk manufacturer: * Address: 1-18 Plot Area G1- Tan Thoi Hiep Industrial Zone, Perfume Road 80, Hiep Thanh Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City. * Tel: (84. 8) 37 176 355 - Fax: (84 8) 37176353 * Specializing in the production: fresh milk, yogurt, and yogurt drink. * Can Tho milk manufacturer: * Address: Tra Noc Industrial Zone, Tra Noc Ward, Binh Thuy District, Can Tho City. * Tel: (84 710) 698 3842 - Fax: (84 710) 811 3842 * Specializing in the production: fresh milk, yogurt, ice cream, and cake. * Binh Dinh milk manufacturer: * Address: 87 Hoang Van Thu, Qui Nhon City, Binh Dinh Province. * Tel: (8456) 312 3847 - Fax: (8456) 065 3746 * Specializing in the production: pasteurized fresh milk, cream, yogurt, and yogurt drink. * Nghe An milk manufacturer: * Address: Sao Nam Street, Nghi Thu commune, Cua Lo Town, Nghe An. * Tel: (84.38) 032 3949 - Fax: (84.38) 717 3824 * Specializing in the production: condensed milk, fresh milk, and yoghurt. * Ha Noi milk manufacturer: * Address: 14 KM Duong Xa Commune, Gia Lam District, Ha Noi City. * Tel: (84.4) 38 276 418 - Fax: (84.4) 38 276 966 * Specializing in the production: Sweetened condensed milk pasteurized fresh milk, cream, yogurt, yogurt drinks, and soya milk. * Tien Son milk manufacturer: * Address: Tien Son Industrial Park, Tien Du District, Bac Ninh Province. * Tel: (84 241) 3734335 - Fax: (84 241) 3714807 * Da Nang milk manufacturer: * Address: Hoa Khanh Industrial Park, Da Nang City. * Specializing in the production: sweetened condensed milk, fresh milk and yogurt. * Lam Son milk manufacturer: * Address: Thanh Hoa. * Specializing in the production: yogurt, and pasteurized milk. * Miraka milk manufacturer: * Address: The central of North Island in New Zealand. * Specializing in the production: products of high quality of whole milk powder. 3. Production process of Vinamilk products.
When the firm receives the fresh or processed materials, it will check the quality again to make sure all materials achieve its standards. After that, it is the stage of production. The production process of Vinamilk products have to follow an automatic, self-contained chain, from the inputs to the outputs (Vinamilk. n.d.). Besides, during the production process, Vinamilk promises to follow the European standards (Tri, 2013).

Fresh or processed milk materials
Fresh or processed milk materials
The process of Milk production: Vinamilk’s products (Vinamilk. n.d.)

Quality tests and keeping in cold containers (150m3/container)
Quality tests and keeping in cold containers (150m3/container)

Centrifugal stage
Centrifugal stage

Assimilation
Assimilation

UHT process
UHT process

Pasteurisation
Pasteurisation

Packing stage
Packing stage

Maintaining at room temperature
Maintaining at room temperature

Each stage in the production process is very important because every step contribute different influences to the quality of end products. For instance, standardization is the stage where the amount of fat has to adjust to satisfy the demand of customers. The amount of fat can be added or taken out depending on cream content. The other significant step is assimilation that this step helps to raise the identical of milk so the product can be used in longer (Fosi, n.d.). According to Nguoi Dua Tin (2013), Vinamilk is the only one milk company in Vietnam applies technological production of modern bacteria separation centrifugal help to eliminate 99.9% of bacteria. In addition, UHT technology sterilizes in high temperature of 140 degrees C for short period of time about 4 seconds. In after stage helps to extirpate all the rest harmful bacteria on milk, ensure the quality of milk without using preservatives. The other advantage of Vinamilk production process is all machines, equipment, and particularly, its LGV robots is managed and operated automatically by a central computer system. Each stage of production process and technical data are monitored closely to ensure the ability to find out immediately problem when it occurs to Vinamilk’s products. 4. The stage of the distribution output.
Vinamilk distributes its products through Phu Thai incorporation to merchandise companies, stores, and then it approaches the buyers who directly consume Vinamilk’s products. * Merchandise companies, stores, and supermarket play a role of receiving goods from distributor, subsequently, providing them to customers. * As mentioning above, consumers directly use milk products, they can purchase this kind of product from retailers, metros, or supermarkets and payment completely occur at the place they buy. * At the moment, company has two distribution channels: * Distribution via traditional channel: (there are 232 independent distributors and more than 178,000 points of retailing), they contribute to distribution of more than 80% company outputs. Additionally, in order to support its distribution, Vinamilk opens 14 displayed rooms in HCM city, Hanoi, Danang, and Cantho. * Distribution via modern channel (supermarkets, metros): Vinamilk has a lot of advantages because the system of manufactures go along the country with 1400 agencies level 1 as well as the distribution network spread out nation.
Vinamilk
Vinamilk

Metros and supermarkets su Metros and supermarkets su Distributors
Distributors

Retailers
Retailers
Consumers
Consumers

With a large amount of products and enormous consuming markets, Vinamilk has built systems to help operate its distribution channel effectively such as: using program of managing information Oracle E Business Suite, system of planning company resource, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and using customer relationship management- CRM. * Oracle E Business Suite: officially run since January, 2007. This system plays a role to associate 13 places include headquarter, manufactures, warehouses all over the nation. * CRM: Optimize processes and provide customers information to employees and customers probably exchange information with company in anyways, anytime with any communicative channels, and any languages. This system help company approach customer’s need and collect all customer personal information. As a result, Vinamilk can propose strategies to develop network distribution. * ERP: is a tool to support employees in work, allow local distribution networks to connect with the main office in two cases online and offline. Gathered information assist Vinamilk in making decision, and timing to meeting customer’ demands. 5. Logistics
According to (Vietnamnet, 2014), on 23, September, 2014, Vinamilk signed in contract with New Saigon Port. Following that, New Saigon Port will provide logistics service to Vinamilk officially on November, 2014. Thanks to cooperating between Vinamilk and New Saigon port, Vinamilk has built a strong believes in customers. IV. Problems and solutions for Vinamilk supply chain management: 1. Distribution issue:

Vinamilk products are primarily distributed by two channels: modern channel and traditional channel. While modern channel only accounts for 20% of distribution, it is obviously that traditional channel accounts for 80% company output. Therefore the problem is that traditional channel brings many negative effects like late delivery, middle-men cost and reducing products’ quality.
Recommend: Vinamilk should build the groceries chain system in crowded zones like Ho Chi Minh City, Ha Noi and Da Nang City where have a large amount of potential customers. These groceries chain system not only cut middle-men cost, improve profits but also make ensure products’ quality.
For example: Before approaching customers, most of VNM’s products go through two middle-men. Therefore, if VNM builds their own groceries, they can increase their profit, ensure quality of products and decrease selling price.
Furthermore, for the second problem in distribution, in remote or rural zones in which temperature standard to preserve products cannot meet, we recommend Vinamilk should not distribute the products that require to keep in cold or cool condition as yogurt and ice cream to these retailers because profits are brought from those is not high while if products are sold with poor quality, it will affect Vinamilk’s reputation. Additionally, for potential retailers, Vinamilk will sign the contract to provide refrigerators and freezers with Vinamilk logo to storage products with requirement that retailers only sell Vinamilk’s products. It not only ensures the quality of products but also is a strategy to advertise.
Besides these positives above, we also recognize a disadvantage when this solution is applied. At the first, initial cost and fix cost for building groceries chain system and providing refrigerators and freezers with Vinamilk logo is relatively high. However, considering in long-term, this solution brings many benefits for profits and Vinamilk’s reputation. 2. Logistics issue:
According to Vinamilk financial report, logistic expense is relatively high accounting for 20% Vinamilk selling expenses. This results from making logistic by itself, so it sets out a problem for Vinamilk that it is necessary to tackle this problem in order to reduce expenses and increase profits.
For this problem, Vinamilk put out the solution that Vinamilk found an expert to help it solve problems related to logistic. As we mention above, on 23th, September 2014 Vinamilk and Saigon New Port Corporation signed the contract that Saigon New Port Corporation will provide logistics service for JSC Vietnam Dairy Products (Vinamilk) at Cai Lai New Port (Vietnamnanet, 2014).
Applying: we recognize that Vinamilk will attain several advantages in fast delivery, close relationship as well as reducing labor cost and holding cost. In detail, firstly, Vinamilk can avoid losing time for customs procedures when delivery or shipment because Saigon New Port Corporation has the logistic system over the country. In addition, it is ranked on the top 30 bigest port on the word, which also make up 50% of imported-exported containers in Vietnam (Saigonnewsport, 2014). Therefore, Vinamilk can be faster delivery products to retailers and also ensure the quality for product during delivery process. Secondly, when the Saigon New Port Corporation provides logistics service Vinamilk can reduce cost in hiring labors to check products and work for customs procedures on delivery. In addition, Vinamilk also reduce holding cost in inventory because Vinamilk can be just in time delivery products as soon as Vinamilk produces finished goods. Finally, when the Saigon New Port Corporation and Vinamilk cooperated, they can get close relationship. This creates advantages for Vinamilk in importing material through Saigon New Port. In detail, when Vinamilk imports materials from foreign countries through Cai Lai Port and happen traffic status and lead to delay unloading materials, Vinamilk can be through the relationship with Saigon New Port Corporation to ask for help in order to check goods during delaying time because of traffic or be quickly unloading material for Vinamilk before.
Besides the advantages expressed above, we also recognize some disadvantages, what Vinamilk are going to face when corporate with Saigon New Port, are losing control as well as unsystematic risks. It is supposed to be that when cooperating with Saigon New Port, Vinamilk almost assigned of all logistics delivery process for Saigon New Port with belief and out of control in checking during the process. In some cases, Vinamilk requires each row on a container that only contain 10 milk crates. However, staffs of Cai Lai New Port think that is a small thing, ignores this requirement and piles 15 milk crates on each row. This can affect and the quality of products. Secondly, Vinamlik can face adverse effects because of unsystematic risks in case Saigon New Port Corporation occur incidents as crash. 3. Input materials issue:
In order to manufacture many types of products, VNM must import 70% raw materials from outside suppliers with very high prices (Nguyen, A). This lead to the selling price is relative high and profits are low. If company wants to gain more profit, they have to make decision to cut costs in production.
For this problem, Vinamilk has invested a large amount of money in materials development systems following international standards from step of grass, building barns, cattle feed to step of animal health management and environmental life in order to reduce cost for importing materials from foreign countries, however still ensuring the best quality for input material resource (Vietq, 2014). This method not only helps Vinamilk reduce selling price and increase profits but also increase productivity, the quality of products and attract more customers. Although considerations long-term, this measure creates many favorable conditions for improving the selling price and the quality of products as well as profits, the problem of this approach is the initial cost that is relatively high.
In fact, in order to cut material cost VNM has imported milk cows from foreign companies instead of buying raw materials. From 2009 to 2012, VNM had imported 4,000 HF milk cows from Australia and New Zealand. It was estimated that the average productivity was approximately 5,500-6,000 kg milk/process, some reached 7,500 kg milk/process, (VietFin, 2012). Seeing the profits of importing milk cow, VNM continue purchase 5,000 milk cows from Australia and The US. On February 25th, 2014, the first 200 milk cows arrived to Vietnam, following by (SHS, 2014). However, the initial investment to construct farms was estimated more than 700 billion VND. V. Conclusion:
Since the established year- 1976, Vinamilk have achieved the top position in Vietnam dairy market with the impressive growth of revenue, which increased 35% in average from 2007 to 2011. During the time of developing the brand name-Vinamilk, there are a lot of factors that contributed to its success today such as marketing, sell and finance. However, we have to acknowledge that supply chain management is the biggest factor that makes Vinamilk becomes the biggest domestic dairy player in Vietnam market. There are some key advantages of Vinamilk supply chain including: * Having a large distribution system. * High quality of input materials when it has meet ISO 9001:2008 (Infonet, 2013). * Modern manufacture factories.
However, Vinamilk is still facing with a lot of issues in logistics, distribution and, high proportion of imported materials. Knowing those disadvantages in supply chain management of Vinamilk, our group have tried to address those problems by recommending some solutions for each issues above. Firstly, for logistics problem, we suggest that Vinamilk should outsource the logistic tasks for a professional firm in this field. For the issues of distribution, our group suggests Vinamilk build its own stores. Finally, with the problem of imported materials, Vinamilk should invest in producing its own materials or find domestic suppliers. VI. References:
Nguyen, A. (2012). Vinamilk. Retrieved from http://cms.vcsc.com.vn/FileReport/20121219/VNM-20121219-BUY.pdf
Truong, C. (2011). The impact of accouting information on management’s decision making Vinamilk case study. THE IMPACT OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION
ON MANAGEMENT’S DECISION MAKING –
VINAMILK CASE STUDY Retrieved from http://dl.is.vnu.edu.vn/bitstream/123456789/176/1/TRUONG%20THUY%20CHUNG.pdf
Vietq. (2014). Vinamilk enhance productivity and the quality of material zone. Retrieved from http://vietq.vn/vinamilk-nang-cao-nang-suat-va-chat-luong-vung-nguyen-lieu-d33182.html
Chi Cu Ha Nam. (2014). Vinamilk tang cuong noi đia hoa nguon nguyen lieu sua. Retrieved from http://hanam.tcvn.gov.vn/default.asp?action=article&ID=2628
Dong, A. (2014). Vinamilk chi tien ty cho trang trai bo sua. Retrieved from http://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/doanh-nghiep/vinamilk-chi-tien-ty-cho-trang-trai-bo-sua-3019802.html
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Gafin. (2013). Fonterra la nha cung cap lon cua Vinamilk. Retrieved from http://gafin.vn/20130805042920172p0c36/fonterra-la-nha-cung-cap-lon-cua-vinamilk.htm
Hoogwegt. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.hoogwegt.com/en/
Fosi. (n.d.). Quy trinh cong nghe san xuat sua thanh trung. Retrieved from http://trungtamnghiencuuthucpham.vn/quy-trinh-cong-nghe-san-xuat-sua-thanh-trung/
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Nguoi dua tin. (2013). Vinamilk san xuat sua bang robot hien dai. Retrieved from http://www.nguoiduatin.vn/vinamilk-san-xuat-sua-bang-robot-hien-dai-a109225.html

Vinamilk. (n.d.). Domestic market. Retrieved from http://www.vinamilk.com.vn/vi/phan-phoi/100/thi-truong-noi-dia
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Vietnamnanet. (2014). Saigon New Port and Vinamilk cooperate in logistics facet. Retrieved from http://vietnam.vnanet.vn/vnp/vi-vn/13/104305/tin-tuc/tan-cang-sai-gon-va-vinamilk-hop-tac-trong-linh-vuc-logistics.html
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Vietfin. (2012). Dan bo Uc cua Vinamilk. Retrieved from http://www.vietfin.net/dan-bo-uc-cua-vinamilk/
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Infonet. (2013). Trang tai bo sua cua Vinamilk cap chung nhan ISO 9001:2008. Retrieved from http://infonet.vn/trang-trai-bo-sua-cua-vinamilk-cap-chung-nhan-iso-90012008-post104928.info