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Maori King Movement

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* The Maori King Movement was the Maori saying they had been excluded from political decision-making and they wanted to determine their own destiny. * Tamihana thought up the idea of forming a Maori kingdom and electing a Maori king after coming back from England in 1851. * The 1852 constitution act had not given the Maori and power, so they were beginning to say that they needed their own political institutions. * The Maori wanted to get all tribes into a unity, but still preserve the mana of the chiefs. * The Maori chose electing a king over putting their mana under a woman because the king would hold the prestige of the people, hold the land and stop the flow of blood. * Because they wanted to parallel the European aristocrats, the Maori chose "king" as the title for their leader over various other names such as "Matua", "Taungaroa", "Kahutatara" and "Toihau". * There are some qualities that are needed in order to become king. There were: -Mana Tangata: Prestige on the human side. This is got through geological connections with the leading men of the ancestral canoes, traced through the senior male line. -Mana Whenua: Fame attached to significant landmarks within the tribal territories of the chiefs. -Mana Kai: Control over lands and waters which could provide good, plentiful foods. * The elected king turned out to be Te Wherowhero of Waikato, who took the name of Potatau. * The kotuku (White Heron) was used as a symbol by Potatau at the election. The white heron Spends its time sitting on a stump and eating fish. The land is nourishing the people, just like how the Heron is nourished by the fish, so the land needs someone to protect it. * Potatau's family is connected to the leaders of all the ancestral canoes. There are quite a number of geological links which come through male lines. * Potatau has been through all the Waikato battles and was part of the Ngatimahuta forces, so he is a great warrior. * Te Rauangaanga was the leading tohunga of the tribe, and also Potatau's father. * Potatau's motto: Potatau is the man, Taupiri is the mountain, Waikato River is the sea, in every bend there is a monster. * The crowning took place at Rangiaowhia in 1857 according to Maori ritual, and at Ngaruawhahia in 1858 according to Christian ritual. * Te Wherowhero was later crowned king in the 1859 of the maori tribe. He later realised that the signing of the treaty made him lose all the land he owned.

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