...Mapping an Argument Steven Montesano CRT/205 11/17/12 Ann Armstrong The first article chosen was Abortion Is a Form of Genocide by Meredith Eugene Hunt. The issue in this article is “abortion as a form of genocide is accurate by historical and accepted standards of the word’s definition” (Abortion, 2010). I highlighted this as the issue because it includes everything the author is trying to prove to the reader. Hunt wants to make it known that she believes abortion is a form of genocide even though the parameters fit loosely. She also points to the fact that history has shown evidence of genocide, and she uses that history to show the similarities between genocide and abortion. Hunt is making an argument that is both deductive and inductive. In some cases she gives proof in her accusations of the terms abortion and genocide. On the other hand, at times she offers supporting information intended to sway the reader to her side of the argument. The first conclusion in the article is “abortion does not fit in perfectly with the original use” with the premise being “Hunt identifies the origin of the term “genocide” (Abortion, 2010). This is a valid deductive argument because the term genocide is factual and therefore abortion not fitting exactly into that definition can only be true. The next conclusion found was “abortion could have genocidal characteristics, but would not qualify as genocide legally”, and the premise is “unwanted preborn children as a group are...
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...In this case the qualifier is certainly and as we move from a simple, static, uncontested argument to a complex, dynamic and contested argument once can see that the qualifier stance does not change. For instance, consumer Reports tested the effect of higher speeds on gas mileage. David Champion, director of auto testing, found that boosting the highway speed of a 2006 Toyota Camry cut gasoline mileage dramatically: •55 m.p.h. – 40.3 miles per gallon •65 m.p.h. – 34.9 miles per gallon •75 m.p.h. – 29.8 miles per gallon On a hypothetical 1,900-mile round trip from New York City to Disney World in Florida, the Camry would use 47 gallons of gas at 55 m.p.h.. But at 75 mph, it would burn nearly 64 gallons – a $70 difference. If everyone could reduce their driving by just 10 percent, the savings would total nearly 1 million barrels of gasoline every day. (Retting, 2008) In regards to the fatalities, Institute studies show that deaths on rural interstates increased 25-30 percent when states began increasing speed limits from 55 to 65 mph in 1987. A 2002 study also evaluated the effects of increasing rural interstate speed limits from 65 mph to either 70 or 75 mph. States that increased speed limits to 75 mph experienced 38 percent more deaths per million vehicle miles traveled than expected; an estimated 780 more deaths. States that increased speed limits to 70 mph experienced a 35 percent increase, resulting in approximately 1,100 more deaths. As one can see maintaining the speed...
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...Mapping an Argument Karla Cooper CRT/205 September 15, 2013 Laura Mellott Mapping an Argument Article #1 Gun Control The article’s issue was about gun control in the United States and how the constitution should be challenged on this controversial topic. Discussions about citizens’ rights to bear arms extend back to ancient times. Supporters of gun control would like even tighter restrictions on the sale and circulation of firearms. According to Samuel Adams he argued that the Constitution should never be interpreted “to prevent the people of the United States who are peaceable citizens from keeping their own arms.” Several stated premises in the article were that “Opponents of gun control interpret the Second Amendment as the guarantee of a personal right to keep and bear arms.” In two other rulings, the Supreme Court reaffirmed this view in upholding New Jersey’s tough gun control law in 1969 (Burton v. Sills) and in supporting the federal ban on possession of firearms by felons in 1980 (Lewis v. United States). Gun control laws have several functions. They may be designed to hinder certain people from gaining access to any firearms. The laws may limit possession of certain types of weapons to the police and the military. A person who wants to make a gun purchase or obtain a gun license may be subject to a waiting period. Gun-control laws vary from country to country. The following stated premises are that gun violence also affects...
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...Mapping and Argument The issue on the article “How safe is America really?” discusses the problems we have with safety on American soil and different parts of the world. It talks about the recent terror attack in Boston as well as 9/11 and how since then Americans do not feel as safe as they use to in their homeland. It also discusses what the government is trying to do to keep this country safe from terrorist from different parts of the world, and ways they can try to stop the next big plot before it actually happens. I believe the unstated premises of this article is that terrorist attacks are becoming more common since 9/11, and that people seem to be more on edge because they do not know when the next attack will come in to this country. Though Americans stay strong and keep moving on with their lives they still fear the unknown safety of being a part of big events, like the Boston Marathon. The stated premises is that the government is trying to stop the next terrorist attack before it starts, they are working with intelligence agencies from many countries and gathering names of people with ties to the Al-Qaeda and making sure that they do not try to attack our country. In conclusion our President Obama is trying to keep us as safe as possible, whether physically or mentally he is trying to protect us from possible trauma in our lives and I feel as though he believes we are a strong country and no one is going to take our spirit away. I feel as though despite everything...
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...The first article I chose to examine was the “In the Weeds” article by Amelia Thomson-Deveaux. The primary issue at hand in this article was the legalization of marijuana here in America. Washington and Colorado recently became the first two states to legalize the recreational use and sale of marijuana. This article touched on how those states came to legalize recreational use, what the future holds for these states since they’ve legalized marijuana, and how the other 48 states can and/or will go about legalizing marijuana. One stated premise I found in this article was that Washington passed a law legalizing marijuana before Colorado did in 1998. Another premise I found was that Washington legalized marijuana on December 6th 2012. An unstated premise would be that the author is a supporter of the legalization of marijuana and I gathered this from her tone in the article. In conclusion this article was written to educate others on how Colorado and Washington were able to legalize marijuana. It included information on how marijuana is taxed, who wrote up the bills that were made into laws and even information on how many other states have legalized marijuana. I believe that the author is a supporter of the legalization of marijuana based on her tone in the article. I believe that the legalization of marijuana could help America a lot especially when it comes to reducing the national deficit. As a country we continue spending and giving money we don’t have to other...
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...Argument Maps for 55-mph and Balkan Conflict Abstract This paper covers two arguments by the usage of simple and complex argument maps. The first argument is on reducing the national speed limit to 55 mph and the second looks at the conflict in the Balkans and the debate of U.S. intervention. Argument Maps for 55-mph and Balkan Conflict There are numerous reasons to argue for and even against the 55 mph speed limit, as well as the question as to if the U.S. should or should not intervene in the Balkan conflict. This paper and its attached argument maps are designed to look at each of these arguments from both sides and make an informed decision concerning the matters. First, it will examine the claim “The U.S. should return to the 55- mph speed limit in order to conserve fuel and save lives.” Second it will examine the claim of “The conflict in Bosnia is somebody else’s trouble. The U.S. should not intervene militarily.” In either argument, there are pros and cons which much be addressed in order to make informed decisions concerning if policy makers should agree or disagree with either premise. The U.S. Should Return to the 55- mph Speed Limit The argument continues again today as to if the United States should return to the 55mph speed limit. Higher gas prices have forced some American drivers to trade in their S.U.V.’s for smaller, more fuel-efficient cars; combine errands in an effort to drive less; or even add air...
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...UEFI Shell Specification September 25, 2008 Revision 2.0 The material contained herein is not a license, either expressly or impliedly, to any intellectual property owned or controlled by any of the authors or developers of this material or to any contribution thereto. The material contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, this information is provided AS IS AND WITH ALL FAULTS, and the authors and developers of this material hereby disclaim all other warranties and conditions, either express, implied or statutory, including, but not limited to, any (if any) implied warranties, duties or conditions of merchantability, of fitness for a particular purpose, of accuracy or completeness of responses, of results, of workmanlike effort, of lack of viruses and of lack of negligence, all with regard to this material and any contribution thereto. Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined." The Unified EFI Forum, Inc. reserves any features or instructions so marked for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them. ALSO, THERE IS NO WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF TITLE, QUIET ENJOYMENT, QUIET POSSESSION, CORRESPONDENCE TO DESCRIPTION OR NON-INFRINGEMENT WITH REGARD TO THE SPECIFICATION AND ANY CONTRIBUTION THERETO. IN NO EVENT WILL ANY AUTHOR OR DEVELOPER OF THIS...
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...Python Reference Manual Release 2.3.3 Guido van Rossum Fred L. Drake, Jr., editor December 19, 2003 PythonLabs Email: docs@python.org Copyright c 2001, 2002, 2003 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. Copyright c 2000 BeOpen.com. All rights reserved. Copyright c 1995-2000 Corporation for National Research Initiatives. All rights reserved. Copyright c 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. All rights reserved. See the end of this document for complete license and permissions information. Abstract Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Its high-level built in data structures, combined with dynamic typing and dynamic binding, make it very attractive for rapid application development, as well as for use as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components together. Python’s simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and therefore reduces the cost of program maintenance. Python supports modules and packages, which encourages program modularity and code reuse. The Python interpreter and the extensive standard library are available in source or binary form without charge for all major platforms, and can be freely distributed. This reference manual describes the syntax and “core semantics” of the language. It is terse, but attempts to be exact and complete. The semantics of non-essential built-in object types and of the built-in functions and modules are described in the Python...
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...Strategic Management (BUSM 3200) – Oct 2013 Exam Questions Review – Key Points and References (Part A) (Prepared by Geoffrey da Silva) ------------------------------------------------- Note: this set of notes is provided as guidelines as to how you should go about to prepare YOUR OWN set of study notes for exam revision. Remember these are just GUIDELINES or short bullet points advising you what could be the approach to answering the questions and the sources you can extract the information from – BOTH the text and the lecture notes (GDS version only). You have ALREADY been advised by the course coordinator that these questions are just samples and are NOT to be construed as spotted questions for the coming examination. These are just good “practice questions” that you should use for purposes of revising your topics. Please make sure that you study widely around the chapter topics and DO NOT assume that the questions below will be set directly as they are in the coming examination. Remember this – study the topic but never study the question. The questions below could be set differently but topics could be similar. Blank spaces are provided under each of the drafts so that you can add in your own research and examples. Good luck in your preparations. Note: these are brief points; use this word document to work with your team/groups to insert your own points and examples. I provide the template only! 1. Describe the four ways of strategic thinking (or lenses). Give examples...
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...Case Study Value Stream Mapping Elisha B. Hines-Jones GSCM – 520-68590 Professor Dellroy Birch July 27, 2014 Value Stream Mapping is a visual tool that represents a different stage in the value stream process. In order to create a lean process, one needs to have a full understanding of the business, production processes, material flows and information flows. Understanding the proper flow of the product maximizes value throughout the value mapping stream and will eliminate waste without making major cost error. Value stream mapping is not limited to manufacturing processes but, can be applied to service, logistics, distribution, or virtually any type of process. The Current State We can start by taking a look at the current state of this process starting with the supplier and ending with the customer. ******************************************************************** Discussion Questions 1. Is it possible to achieve zero inventories? Why or why not? In reality, zero inventories are a challenging, if not impossible, goal for most organizations. The concept is theoretical because the ideal production unit is one. Nothing is made until the customer expresses an unmet need for the product. In reality, inventories will always exist due to the timing between the expressed need and the actual delivery of the completed unit(s). Nevertheless, this goal aids in understanding of the lean concepts, and remains a reference point to continually remember in the on-going...
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...NT1210 Unit 1 HomeWork Assignment 1: 1. Which of the following is true about 1 bit? a. Can represent decimal values 0 through 9 2. How many bits are in a byte? ____8_____ 3. Fill out the following Chart Term | Size(Bytes) | Size(2n Bytes) | Rounded Size (Bytes) | Kilobyte | 1024 | 2 10 | 1000 | Megabyte | 1,048,576 | 2 20 | 1,000,000 | Gigabyte | 1,073,741,824 | 2 30 | 1,000,000,000 | Terabyte | 1,099,511,627,776 | 2 40 | 1,000,000,000,000 | 4. Which of the following answers are true about random-access memory (RAM) as it is normally used inside a personal computer? (Choose two answers.) b. Used for long-term memory d. Connects to the CPU over a bus using a cable 5. This chapter describes the concepts behind how a CPU reads the contents from RAM. Which of the following is true about the process of read data, as described in the chapter? a. The CPU tells the RAM which address holds the data that the CPU wants to read. 6. Define Character set: A list of all the characters on a computer with matching binary values ex: a = 110001 in ASCII which uses a 7bit code. 7. Character encoding scheme is another name for character set? a. True 8 & 9. Complete the following Decimal to binary chart. Decimal | Binary | | Decimal | Binary | 193 | 11000001 | | 255 | 1111111 | 52 | 00110100 | | 19 | 10011 | 50 | 110010 | | 172 | 10101100 | 170 | 10101010 | | 14 | 1110 | 6 | 110 (binary) | | 0 | 0000 | 10. Which of the...
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...Hibernate ORM (Hibernate in short) is an object-relational mapping framework for the Java language, providing aframework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a traditional relational database. Hibernate solves object-relational impedance mismatch problems by replacing direct persistence-related database accesses with high-level object handling functions. Hibernate is free software that is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License 2.1. Hibernate's primary feature is mapping from Java classes to database tables (and from Java data types to SQL data types). Hibernate also provides data query and retrieval facilities. It generates SQL calls and relieves the developer from manual result set handling and object conversion. Applications using Hibernate are portable to supported SQL databases with little performance overhead[citation needed]. Contents [hide] * 1 Mapping * 2 Hibernate Query Language (HQL) * 3 Persistence * 4 Integration * 5 Entities and components * 6 History * 7 Application programming interface * 7.1 org.hibernate.SessionFactory interface * 7.2 org.hibernate.Session interface * 8 Software components * 9 See also * 10 References * 11 Bibliography * 12 External links * 12.1 Further reading ------------------------------------------------- Mapping[edit] Mapping Java classes to database tables is accomplished through the configuration of an XML file or by using Java Annotations...
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...Argument Mapping Jessica Moody PAD 520 04/25/2016 Professor Dr. Thomas Create an argument map based on the influence diagram presented in Include in the map as many warrants, backings, objections, and rebuttals as possible. Claim: “The U.S. should return to the 55- mph speed limit in order to conserve fuel and save lives” Information: Experts say reducing highway speeds from 70 mph to 60 mph would reduce gasoline consumption between 2% and 3%. That could translate into a price reduction of as much as 10%. At today's price, almost 38 cents a gallon. Additionally, a lower speed limit saves 167,000 barrels of oil per day and could save approximately 6,400 lives per year. Warrant 1. Decreased speed limit will improve fuel average of the vehicles. Backing 1. Cars are most fuel efficient when driven between 30 mph and 60 mph. Above 65 mph, mileage drops sharply. This isn't rocket science. If drivers are forced to slow down, we would all use less gasoline. On reducing speed to a lower level will also curb subsidies provided on fuel so it will cost less to the exchequer of the federal. Warrant 2. Decreased speed limit will decrease loss to the subsidies as fuel prices are increasing day by day. Backing 2. Besides, decrease in number of casualties will also reduce government burden of health coverage. Objections. Curbing the speed to the lower level will increase travel time and lead to traffic jams on most of the corridors. Rebuttal. Surveys show that drivers...
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...combination of two processes: co-accommodation between host and parasite with no implication of host or parasite speciation and co-speciation, indicating concomitant host and parasite speciation (Testing the Context and Extent of Host-Parasite Coevolution . 2016.). This states that as much as humans make resilient food sources so will the parasite change to adapt and continue this along with a parasites host shifts (PLOS Pathogens. 2016.) would result in the sudden death of much of the new host especially if such a host has a small gene pool relied upon. Lastly unforeseen side effects in genetically altered foods (J R Soc Med. 2016) would be wanted to be revert, hence the need to store and bring back species which have no issues. Due to these arguments is is seen that a safeguard would be need to prevent some longterm problems and unrest, this can come in the form of scientists bring back older and more various species used for...
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...January 2005 Re-examining the cause-and-effect principle of the Balanced Scorecard* Per Nikolaj Bukh, pnb@pnbukh.com, Aarhus School of Business Teemu Malmi, teemu.malmi@uts.edu.au, University of Technology, Sydney & Helsinki School of Economics Abstract There seems to be a wide variety of methods in how organizations apply the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) concept in practice and how it is interpreted in the literature. Consequently, it is not quite clear what the core features of BSC, or its variants, are and if all its variants are equally effective in producing expected outcomes. Moreover, the usefulness of BSC as a practical theory has been questioned by referring to some of its assumptions, especially the cause-and-effect relationship (Norreklit, 2000, 2003). In this paper we re-examine the cause-and-effect principle, which can be seen as one of the corner-stones of the BSC. Further, we outline alternative ways to apply cause-and-effect in practice, both analytically and organizationally. To facilitate research on BSC, we discuss some of the contingencies that may limit or support the usefulness of the causeand-effect concept. These include strategy, organization, environment and communication related issues. Key Words: Balanced scorecard, cause-and-effect, non-financial measurement, performance management, strategy, strategy map. * We wish to thank the editors, Sten Jönsson and Jan Mouritsen, for their guidance in the process of writing the paper. Further, we thank...
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