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Marine

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Marine Science Notes: Water and Ocean Structure
Ms. Guerrant-The King’s Academy

I. Structure of the Water Molecule A. Formed when . . .

B. Polar-

C. Polar molecules act like a __________

D. Hydrogen bond

E. How the ___________________ influences the properties of water 1. Cohesion

2. Adhesion

3. Keeps water in its __________ form over a wide range of temperatures

II. Water and heat: water has many physical properties related to its behavior as it __________ or ____________ heat. These properties are vital in maintaining Earth’s __________________________________.

A. Heat capacity 1. Definition:

B. Water Temperature and Density 1. Like all other substances, water . . .

2. Exception:

III. Global Thermostatic Effects of Water (properties that act to moderate changes in ______________) A. Thermal inertia-

1. Land vs. water a. land 1). Highest temps 2). Lowest temps 3. difference:

b. ocean’s surface 1). Highest temps 2.) lowest temps 3. difference:

2. Example: Two cities on the same line of latitude (winds flow from west to east at this latitude):

San Francisco, CA Norfolk, VA

B. Thermostatic Effects of Water and Air Movement 1. __________________ in the air and water move tremendous amounts of heat from the _____________ to the _____________
IV. Temperature, Salinity, and Density Seawater:

Examples:

*during formation of sea ice at polar ocean surfaces

*evaporation in some marginal sea basins

*at a river mouth

A. Density Structure of the Ocean 1. surface zone (mixed layer)

a. b. ___________ and ______________

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