...Stalin and one of the largest Western media cover-ups in history. East Ukraine was once as nationalistic and Ukrainian-speaking as Western Ukraine is today. The dramatic transformation of the area was a result of ethnic cleansing. In 1932 a famine engineered by Stalin killed up to an estimated 10 million people, mostly in East Ukraine. Beginning in 1933, the Soviets replaced them with millions of deported Russians. Western Ukraine was then part of Poland and spared Stalin engineered the famine to rid himself of a stubborn enemy. Ukrainians had fought for their independence during the Russian Revolution, and for a short time, they had beaten back the Reds. Beginning in 1932, Stalin sent in soldiers from Russia to seize the agriculture industry in Ukraine. Impossible production quotas were set, and the overzealous soldiers made sure every single ounce of grain went to meeting those quotas. Soviet soldiers destroyed cooking utensils, ovens and killed pets — anything that could provide nourishment. With the borders of Ukraine sealed by the military, starving Ukrainians, wandering blind and delirious from hunger, were trapped to die a slow, excruciating death. To understand better what Stalin did in simple words he slowly killed de natives Ukrainians of Crimea by starving them to death and then colonize with deported Russians and filled Crimea with Russians, that’s why now a day’s people of Crimea felt more Russian and they wanted to join Russia and separate from Ukraine. In the...
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...Crimean war is one of the most memorable and significant wars fought in 19th century Europe. It was a conflict that affected all of Europe from a geographical standpoint since Russia came to war with Britain, France, and Turkey after the decay of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire called upon the aid of the British and French to help them in repelling the Russians, who wanted to expand their geopolitical interests as well as financial dependence. The result of every war has its winners and casualties, who suffer the consequences of the aftermath. Russia strived to gain territory in its attempt for even greater European conquest, but failed and lost its dominating title and leading position in Europe as well as Asia. The Crimean War is a pertinent historical event that marked Russian attempt to conquer in order to become a dominant hegemony in Europe and where the outcomes of the war geographically changed Europe as well as affected people’s nationalistic/identity beliefs. Often times named one of the bloodiest battles, yet technologically advanced wars of the nineteenth century; the Crimean war was a vital event in European history. It was a conflict where Russia lost to an alliance of France, the United Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire, after Russia’s attempt to expand commercial and strategic designs as the Ottoman Empire was slowly deteriorating . The fall of the Empire would allow Russia to gain control and obtain the Dardanelles, as well as naval access to the Mediterranean...
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...Internationales Management: Intercultural Communication 1 Outline Activity 1.a. …...……………………………. p.3 Activity 1 b. and 1c. ……..……………………p.8 Activity 1 d. …………………………………p.10 Activity 1e.…………………………………. p.11 Reference……………………………………. p.12 2 Activity 1.a. • Establish 3 new folders on your PC: • Definitions of Culture • Culture Models • Articles on Cultural Difference • Create a new folder in your “favorites” called Culture. • Next, search your literature and the Internet (for instance, write in Google “definition of culture”) and collect and file at least 10 different definitions. • Discuss the contents with your tutor and select the one you like best. Definition of Culture There are lots of definitions of culture in scholar or public, in the book it defined:”Culture is the holistic interrelationship of a group’s identity , beliefs , values , activities , rules , customs , communication patterns , and institutions.”(Dodd, 1997, p.36)Furthermore , culture teaches significant rules , rituals , and procedure. Culture reinforces values. Culture teaches relationship with others.1 Culture Models This model demonstrates elements of culture composing a system.The inner core lies at the most significant level.The second and third set of elements are tied to the core , but remain an area for some degree of flexibility and change.(Dodd, 1997, p.38)2 Economic and Work Educational Technology and Material Religious Systems Kinship Systems Cultural Rules...
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...Yalta Conference The Yalta conference took place on February 1945, in a Russian resort town in Crimea, which was recently annexed by Russia in 2014. However the before the conference took place there was tension building up between the Allies and the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was an ally with Germany for 2 years when they signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact; “this led the west to believe Stalin was cynical, opportunistic, power hungry, expansionist” (lecture, 1/8/16). It also took the allies a while to open up a western front, and this angered Stalin as the Soviet unions causalities kept on mounting. The conference was attended by the big three, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The leaders agreed to Germanys surrender and to set up spheres in occupied Germany that the three nations plus France would control (lecture 1/8/16). Stalin also agreed to free elections in Eastern Europe, however he fell short on his promise. Berlin Blockade/Airlift The Berlin Blockade was the first physical confrontation between the Soviet Union and the West (lecture 1/8/16). The blockade started on June 1948 to May 1949. The whole idea behind the Blockade was to force the western allies out of “Berlin by blocking all ground access to the city” (lecture, 1/8/16). This was possible because getting into Berlin you had to travel through Soviet occupied East Germany. The allies were able to get around the blockade by airlifting...
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...Western Asia and Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Black sea to the west, Russia by the north, Turkey and Armenia to the south and Azerbaijan by the southeast. The capital city of Georgia is Tbilisi, and the population is almost 4 million. It is a semi-presidential republic with the government elected through a representative democracy. Georgia was occupied by the Soviet Russia in 1921, and became the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic and part of the Soviet Union. After gaining independence in 1991 post-communist Georgia suffered from civil unrest and economic crisis most of the 1990a. This lasted until the Rose Revolution of 2003 after which the new government introduced democratic and economic reforms. Georgia is a member of the Council of Europe and the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development. It contains two de facto independent regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which gained limited international recognition after the 2008 Russia Georgian War. Georgia and a major part of the international community consider the regions to be part of Georgia's sovereign territory under Russian military occupation. Firstly what happened before the Rose Revolution and who was in power? At that time the president of Georgia was Eduard Shevardnandze. At first Shevardnadze had good reason to support and foster such freedoms. On return¬ing to Georgia from exile in 1992, he needed support for his struggle with paramilitary “warlords.” Independent media and other organizations...
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...Impact of Nationalism During the 19th and 20th centuries, nationalism played a crucial role in shaping the world, both constructively and destructively. Throughout history, nationalism can be found almost everywhere, with the desire for self-determination and independence as its primary catalysts. Nationalism can take form in politicians, national leaders, propaganda and mass media. In the last two centuries, the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the emergence of independent nations, the two most influential wars of all time, World War I and World War II, and the rise of the worlds’ superpowers, the United States of America and the Soviet Union can all be partially attributed to strong sense of nationalism and played an important role in shaping the world. The phenomenon of nationalism hit Europe in the 19th century. For example, self-determination, and the desire to be independent and dominant, fueled the Ottoman Empire. However, this longing proved destructive and led to the Ottoman Empire’s collapse in 1829, because of nationalist revolts. Although the Ottoman Empire ceased to exist, “The collapse led to the independence of Greece in 1830, and many countries pursued the same independence that Greece had obtained a few decades later. These countries included modern day Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria. Slavic peoples’, who included Poles and Serbs, also jumped in on the nationalist movement”. With the Ottoman Empire no longer in control, Greece was able to gain its independence...
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...benefits form making a decision to invest . Main body: How to make an investment decision? Best circumstances to make an investment. Brief descripition in general and connect with BG Risk regarding investment decisions. Investments in tourism. / in general + risks/ Condition of the tourism in Bulgaria / main numbers, perspectives, future prognosis, compare with another similar contrary/. Benefits and risks - of an Investment in tourism in Bulgaria- what is the possible profit, what is the possible loss, what is more risk or benefit. Evaluate the investment – good or bad? Conclusion: Summarize the information, state the main benefits, state the main risks, state the evaluation. Intro: Situated on the crossroads between Europe and Asia, Bulgaria has been home to various civilisations including the Thracians, Greeks, Romans and Slavs, each leaving a mark on its culture, history and heritage. Much of Bulgaria’s ancient culture has been sustained despite the four decades of Soviet rule that ravaged some of the country’s features. Bulgaria has nine UNESCO World Heritage sites, with seven listed as cultural sites and two as nature sites. The cultural sites include the Ancient City of Nessebar, Boyana Church, Madara River, Rila Monastery, the Rock-Hew Churches of Ivanovo and two Thracian tombs – the Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak and the Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari. Overall, Bulgaria has over 40,000 sites of archaeological interest. The Pirin National Park and Srebarna Nature...
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...rise for several years now. However, when these topics are discussed amongst government officials, business owners, and civilians the focus has been assaults on personal privacy, hacking into government computers systems, and denial of services. Rarely, is the focus on how armed groups and terrorist organizations are using Information Operations (social media and propaganda) to affect political, economic, and social systems all over the world. Information Operations is defined as, The integrated employment of the core capabilities of electronic warfare, computer network operations, psychological operations, military deception and operations security, in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting our own. Also called IO (Air University 2006). Former Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) member Rand Waltzman states, “I recently concluded a $50 million program, Social Media in Strategic Communication, which led to the release of more than 200 publications and to the creation of a science of social media. What we learned is that “bullsh..t” is a weapon that is being used worldwide to fundamentally attack the medium of the press, and that the issue of freedom of the press is, in fact, a diversion. Russian President Vladimir Putin, for example, is a master of this type of cognitive hack. The director of the Russian International News Agency, Dmitry Kiselev...
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...Chapter 6 The media, government accountability, and citizen engagement Katrin Voltmer The past two decades or so have seen an unprecedented spread of democracy around the globe. With the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989 and the end of the Cold War, the ‘third wave’ of democratization, which started in the early seventies, now encompasses countries in Asia and Africa.1 And even in states whose governments continue to resist a more open and participatory form of governance, such as North Korea, Burma or Zimbabwe, the idea of democracy is a powerful force that inspires people to take on a more active role in public life. However, many of the newly emerging democracies seem to fall short of some, often many, of the basic standards that define democratic rule, with irregular voting procedures, corruption, inefficiency and autocratic styles of government being but a few of the maladies. In addition, as many of the newly emerging democracies belong to the developing world, inequality and poverty remain severe obstacles to full self‐determination of the people. The experiences of the past decades have shown that democracy is not a one‐way road and that a viable democracy requires more than the implementation of the key institutions of government. Rather, an accountable and efficient government is embedded in a complex web of interdependent conditions that ...
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...Transition The First Ten Years Analysis and Lessons for Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union Transition The First Ten Years Analysis and Lessons for Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. © 2002 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 05 04 03 02 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is copyrighted. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or inclusion in any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the World Bank. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc, 222 Rosewood...
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...unilever SUBMITTED TO: MS.ERAJ GROUP MEMBERS: ERUM FAROOQUI 12 KANWAL TAHIR 21 QURRAT.UL.AIN IRSHAD 75 CONTENT: * Background. * Head Office * Vision. * Mission. * Unilever Key Facts. * Unilever Portfolio. * Product and Service Analysis. * Unilever’s Marketing Strategy. * Unilever’s Operational And Distributional Strategy. com BACK GROUND In the 1890s, William Hesketh Lever, founder of Lever Bros and later Lord Leverhulme, wrote down his ideas for Sunlight Soap – his revolutionary new product that helped popularize cleanliness and hygiene in Victorian England. “It was toward make cleanliness commonplace; to lessen work...
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...Culture 36 9 SWOT Analysis 37 10 Recommendations 38 10.1 Exposing the Corporate Social Responsibility 38 10.2 Product Development to meet upcoming consumption trends 38 10.3 Market penetration in Spain 40 10.4 Penetration of Emerging Markets 41 10.4.1 Asia Pacific 41 10.5 Entering new Segments 43 10.6 Pushing profitable Product Lines 45 11 Bibliography 47 11.1 Books 47 11.2 Documents from Databases 48 11.3 Journals 50 11.4 Websites 51 II List of Figures Figure 1: Confectionery industry segmentation 5 Figure 2: Market value of the confectionery market in the period 2004-2009 and the expected growth until 2013 6 Figure 3: Stage of industry life cycle mature markets (Western Europe, North America) and immature markets (Middle East and Africa, Eastern Europe, India, China, Russia) 10 Figure 4: Growth rate of the global confectionery sales by region in the period 11 2007/2008 and forecast for the period 2008-2013. 11 Figure 5: Global confectionery market share by value 12 Figure 6: Strategic groups of the confectionery industry 13 Figure 7: Sales in million CHF and change in % in the period 2005-2008 14 Figure 8: Resource Base of Lindt & Spruengli 15 Figure 9: Value Chain of Lindt &...
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...Higher Level History Notes 19th Century Russia The Russian people are descendants of the ‘Rus’ who are thought to be a mixture of Scandinavian and Slavic origin and settled in that region out of ± 800 AD Byzantine Empire A major legacy of the Byzantine Empire for the Russians was the eastern orthodox or Greek Orthodox Church With the decline of Byzantium came a wave of conquest from the East, the Mongols until the 15th century (Tatars). To a large extent, the Mongols allowed Russians to maintain their way of life: - Slavic based languages including writing system (Cyrillic) - Orthodox religion The Russians adopted much from Asian culture and this led western Europeans to think less of the Russians Geographically Russia was isolated from the rest of Europe: - Entirely land locked (mostly) - Huge Plains of Eastern Europe prevented overland travel During these early years there were a series of muscovite princes based in Moscow and called themselves Tsars. By the 17th century the Romanov family became the ruling dynasty: - Alexander I (1801-1825) - Nicholas I (1825-1855) - Alexander II (1855-1881) - Alexander III (1881-1894) - Nicholas II (1894-1917) Under the rule of Peter the Great (1689-1728) Russia grew greatly in size and entered the European World www.ibscrewed.org The Russia of 1800 was one of the greatest autocracies in Europe where: - The Tsar’s rule was absolute - There was a small...
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...Globalisation of the food retail industry – forecasts to 2013 2008 edition Page i Globalisation of the food retail industry – forecasts to 2013 2008 edition By Helen Lewis June 2008 Published by Aroq Limited Seneca House Buntsford Park Road Bromsgrove Worcestershire B60 3DX United Kingdom Tel: Fax: Web: +44 (0)1527 573 600 +44 (0)1527 577 423 www.just-food.com Registered in England no: 4307068 © 2008 All content copyright Aroq Ltd. All rights reserved. Page ii Single-user licence edition This report is provided for individual use only. If you would like to share this report with your colleagues, please order additional copies or sign up for a multi-user licence by contacting: Kathryn Wedgbury Research manager, just-food.com Tel: +44 (0)1527 573 604 Email: kathryn.wedgbury@just-food.com Copyright statement © 2008 All content copyright Aroq Limited. All rights reserved. This publication, or any part of it, may not be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or be transmitted in any form by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Aroq Limited. This report is the product of extensive research work. It is protected by copyright under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. The authors of Aroq Limited’s research reports are drawn from a wide range of professional and academic disciplines. The facts within this report are believed to be correct at the time of publication...
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...Defeating the Islamic State: Both Short-term and Long-term Counter Strategies for the Proto-State and its Ideologies Christopher J. Minchin Norwich University FIRST DRAFT SOCI 401A Culture and Anthropology February 16, 2016 Tracey Poirier Source: The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) and the Critical Threats Project (CTP).), Jan, 2016. “If you know the enemy and know yourself you need not fear the results of a hundred battles“ –– Sun Tzu, Chinese philosopher and military strategist, around 500 BC. “Our terrorism against America is blessed terrorism.” –– Osama bin Laden (on video) “The acme of this religion is jihad.” — Osama bin Laden (Bergen, 2001, p. 41) Many have asked, “what can we do to defeat the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS)? ” There have been a variety of suggestions from airstrikes, isolation , establishing a national unity government in Iraq to the feasibility of a counter-offensive using 'local' militia's and only as a last resort U.S. Boots on the ground. These are all worthy ideas; however, it is imperative to get a fundamental understanding of what has caused this problem because ISIS is growing and becoming stronger (even though current air strikes and counter-offensives have been successful). Before a decision can be made a rigorous analysis is necessary, a sociological analysis, so that the United States and the rest of the world can determine what must be done regarding ISIS and why. (Thesis):...
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