...Measuring Crime Paper Eric Benet CJA/204 April 12, 2013 Measuring Crime Paper Recidivism is where an individual has a habit of committing the same crime time and time again. According to (www.pewtrusts.org), “Recidivism is the act of reengaging in criminal offending despite having been punished. The prison recidivism rate—the subject of this report—is the proportion of persons released from prison that are rearrested, reconvicted or returned to custody within a specific time period. Typically, recidivism studies follow released offenders for three years following their release from prison or placement on probation.” Most of ex-prisoners often have a problem adapting to society after being incarcerated for a long period of time and often find themselves back in prison once again. In the United States of America, more than half of incarcerated men and women are re-incarcerated. This rise in re-incarceration has been increasing dramatically over the past couple of years which has the prisons too crowded. This leads to an unhealthy environment for prisoners with the gang activity and crime that goes on inside of the prison walls. With the way crime rates and recidivism rates are raising it is clear to see that America is getting worse as time goes on. If more prisons aren’t built, then we either have to start releasing prisoners or find another way to deal with this issue. According to (www.csmonitor.com), “In the past 20 years, for instance, the murder rate in the United...
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... This course is an introductory overview of the organization and jurisdictions of local, state, and federal law enforcement, judicial and corrections agencies, and processes involved in the criminal justice systems. It examines the historical aspects of the police, the courts, and the correctional system, as well as the philosophy. Additionally, career opportunities and qualifying requirements, terminology, and constitutional limitations of the system will also be covered. ------------------------------------------------- Course Topics and Objectives Week One: The Criminal Justice System 1 * Define crime and its relationship to law. * Describe the two most common models of how society determines which acts are criminal. * Identify choice theories of crime and their underlying assumptions. * Identify instruments for measuring crime. Week Two: The Criminal Justice System * Describe...
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...Measuring Crime Measuring crime is something that the United States does to see if the the programs they have in place are making a difference and helping to deter crime. A lot of time people will look at statistics and think because the percentage is decreasing, and that not always the case. In this paper I will explain the instruments used, programs and purpose of measuring crime, and myth's vs reality Crime rates. Crime is measured through statistics in the United States. Statistics help develop and see how new laws and programs are working. The three statistical reports used to measure crime in the United States are the (UCR) Uniform Crime Report, (NCVS) National Crime Victimization Survey, and (NIBRS) The National Incident Based Reporting System ("Fbi Uniform Crime Rate", 2012) . All of the crime instruments used can only be as accurate as the sources given to them. Crime rates and arrest rates are difficult for a law enforcement agency to produce to the high volume of calls received. Some examples of calls that do not require an arrest include lost pets, individuals needing medical assistance, and noise complaints. Each agency must make an organized effort to make contact with the individuals making the calls with high and low priority due to the unseen or unreported information at the caller’s location. The law enforcement community has also created an organization devoted to crime reports known as the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) data is based on...
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...Running head: JUVENILE CRIME STATISTICS PAPER 1 Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper CJA/374 JUVENILE CRIME STATISTICS PAPER 2 Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper Introduction Juvenile crime statistics is truly misunderstood by today’s society. The general public pushes for harsher punishment when in reality juvenile crime rate has actually decreased. This paper will summarize the “Juvenile Arrests 2008”. This paper will further discuss the overall decrease in juvenile arrests, the increase in drug offenses and simple assaults, implications for juvenile females and members of ethnic and racial minorities, an increase in juvenile female arrests and a decrease in arrests for juvenile male offenders for violent crimes, as well as what assessment are used to track juvenile arrests in order to measure the amount of juvenile crime as well as its trends. The Overall Decrease in Juvenile Arrests Overall Review Data from 2008 shows that juvenile arrests for violent crime declined between 2006 and 2008. According to Puzzanchera (2009) “In 2008 there were 2.11 million juvenile arrests, which is 16% lower than the arrests in 1999” (p.3). In 2008 juvenile arrests for forcible rape was at an all time low since 1980, aggravated assault arrests were also at its lowest since 1988. However, juvenile arrests for murder were at its low in 2004, but increased from 2005 to 2007. Further, the Property Crime Index decreased by 20%, larceny-theft by 17%, murder by 5%, motor vehicle theft by 50%...
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...| [pic] |College of Criminal Justice and Security | | |CJA/204 Version 2 | | |Introduction to Criminal Justice | Copyright © 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is an introductory overview of the organization and jurisdictions of local, state, and federal law enforcement, judicial and corrections agencies, and processes involved in the criminal justice systems. It examines the historical aspects of the police, the courts, and the correctional system, as well as the philosophy. Additionally, career opportunities and qualifying requirements, terminology and constitutional limitations of the system will also be covered. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending...
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...Measuring Crime in the United States Kyra Pettit CJA/204 August 5, 2013 Dr. Wafeeq Sabir Measuring Crime in the United States In the following paper, these criminal justice students will address the three major points of crime measurement in the United States. Even though there may be changes of crime statistics, but not changes in the crime rate; that is because crime can be measured in numerous ways. Two measuring systems being the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), report criminal information, but do not reflect it all. Because of the different factors that go into reporting crime some crimes go unreported. Instruments Crime is measured through statistics in the United States. Statistics help develop and see how new laws and programs are working. The three statistical reports used to measure crime in the United States are the (UCR) Uniform Crime Report, (NCVS) National Crime Victimization Survey, and (NIBRS) The National Incident Based Reporting System (Schmalleger, 2011). All of the crime instruments used can only be as accurate as the sources given to them. Programs and Purpose The FBI’s statistical program is the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program administered by the Department of Justice which measures the impact of the crime, magnitude, and nature of the crime. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. This survey randomly selects individuals that may...
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...Measuring Crime CJA/204 February 16, 2015 Measuring Crime A crime is an act that breaks a law that relates to how to behave in society. The harm caused by the act is seen to be against society as a whole, not just a specific person. More specifically, a crime is an act (something you do) or omission (something you don't do) that is against the law and punishable upon conviction. When it comes to crimes being committed, they are supposed to be reported, but in most instances, some crimes are not reported. This is due to the victims not reporting because of fear or simply not reported what has happened to the police. Most people do not understand the importance of reporting crimes. Without these crime reports, it is very difficult for law enforcement agencies to collect crime data and measure crimes. Though, some crimes are not reported, there are some that are. This as which makes it very helpful to law enforcements agencies when it comes to collecting and measuring crime data. The core of measuring crimes is through surveys and official records. There are several surveys and records that are used to measure and monitor crime across the nation. Crime Measureable Instruments According to "U.S. Department Of Justice — Federal Bureau Of Investigation" (2010), “The U.S. Department of Justice administers two statistical programs to measure the magnitude, nature, and impact of crime in the Nation: the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program and the National Crime Victimization...
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...Juvenile Crime Statistics Juvenile Crime statistics Paper Juvenile delinquent actions identify an individual’s participation or involvement with an illegal act deemed to be an infraction of implemented Federal, state, or municipal law. An individual under the-age-of 18 who commits an illegal act represents the categorical identification group classified under the term “Juvenile offender”. Juvenile delinquency has increased within the past 50 years. As a result of the extensive increase statistical information supporting juvenile delinquent offenses are compiled to display extensive increases and declines pertaining to delinquency within America. The overall decrease in juvenile arrests, increase in juvenile narcotics offenses, and simple assaults will be identified, dissected, and examined. The implications for juvenile female and minorities will also be thoroughly examined along with an assessment highlighting the tracking of juvenile arrests as a method of measuring the amount of, and trends within juvenile offenses. Overall Decrease: Juvenile Arrests The overall decrease in juvenile detainment for violent juvenile offenses within 2008 decreased in comparison to the statistical information projecting violent juvenile actions within the 1990s. Juvenile delinquency supporting violent offenses extensively increased throughout the 1990s within Northern America most likely as a result of the increase in gang membership...
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...Juvenile Crime Statistics Kimberlee K. Curley CJA/374 January 9, 2012 Joseph Maffia Juvenile Crime Statistics The following paper will include a discussion on juvenile crime statistics; the areas to examine will include the following points. The overall decrease in juvenile arrests, increase in drug offenses and simple assault, female, ethnic, and racial arrests, the increase in arrests for females and the decrease in arrests for males for violent crimes, and an assessment of tracking methods in measuring trends in juvenile crimes. Between the years 1999 and 2008, the crime rate concerning juveniles first saw a significant rise in juvenile arrests in the years 2005 and 2006. In the later two years there was approximately a 3% decrease in arrests concerning juvenile crimes (Puzzanchera, 2009). Property crimes saw a large increase whereas violent crimes were proportionately smaller in percentage; arson and vandalism are at the top of the list. The number of arrests made was larger than the number of cases cleared by arrests, this may be because juveniles are easier to apprehend than adult offenders (Puzzanchera, 2009). Arrests for simple assaults increased substantially from 1980 to 1997, a rate increase of 156%. While there has been a slight decline in the last two years the rate for arrests of simple assaults is still substantially higher than it was beginning in 1980 (Puzzanchera, 2009). Drug offense arrests have mirrored closely that of simple assaults, the main...
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...Juvenile Crime Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper 1 Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper Gail Rener, CJA/403 University of Phoenix Online Tamra Katcher Watts February 16, 2009 Juvenile Crime Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper This paper will be focused on juvenile crime and the juvenile crime 2 statistics. Juvenile crime, is different crimes committed by children under the age of 18. Their offenses include delinquent acts that is considered to be crimes if an adult were to commit them. Juveniles are children who truly need help before it is too late. There are different theories about what influence juveniles to commit delinquent acts the thing that influences juvenile the most is societies. The reason for this is because society labels people according to their upbringing, their environment and their lack of education. The main purpose of the juvenile justice system is to rehabilitate juveniles so that they can become a contributing member of society and not another career criminal. Now it is, time to get to the main point of this paper and talk about juvenile crime statistics . Juvenile Crime We need statistics to help measure things and in this case we need 3 statistics to help measure juvenile crime. When measuring statistics it is very important to understand exactly what statistics is all about. According to (Snyder, 2003) “the arrest statistics report the number of arrests made by law enforcement agencies in a particular year- not the number of individuals...
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...violate the laws of the community. The trend with most police administrators is to judge a department’s or even a single officer’s success through purely statistical measures. Specifically, the use of the rise or fall of crime rates, clearance rates of cases, response times to calls for service, and general enforcement productivity, (i.e. Arrests, citations, reports written, and calls for service cleared). These measuring tools have been used, as the sole source, to determine the overall success or failure, of both the officer and the entire department. While these measuring devices should not be completely abandoned by police agencies, there importance should be re-evaluated. The goal of this paper is to show that statistical measures should never be the sole method of judging success. Instead, overall community satisfaction, officer investment in the community, community involvement in problem solving, officer skill level and proper use of discretion, and basic understand of the primary mission of keeping the peace, should be the main methodology of supervisors and departments to determine officer and department success. This paper will first document some of the failures that have occurred when overreliance of statistics and hard numbers was the only measuring tool for officer production and officer success. Secondly, the use of a broader based metric will be proposed that when used with statistical information will lead...
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...Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper A person under the age of 18 years old is considerate a juvenile. A child or youth who commits a crime or is beyond the control of his or her parents is considerate a juvenile delinquent. This paper will summarize the juvenile crime statistics for 2008. The decrease in juvenile arrests will be discusses. Also the increase in drug offenses and simple assaults will be summarized. In addition, the increase and decrease of female, male, and minority arrests, and their implications will be of topic. Finally, the assessment of tracking juvenile arrests as a method of measuring the amount of and trends in juvenile crime will be done. Overall Decrease in Juvenile Arrests The decrease of juvenile arrests was evident in 2008. Juvenile arrests decreased by 3% from that of 2007. Violent crimes that include murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault showed a trend of declined in 2006 and 2008. In fact the rate of violent crimes decreased from 1987 to 2008. Although juvenile arrests declined to less than 10%, property crime arrests increased. According, to the Juvenile Arrests 2008 bulletin, property crimes increased between 2006 and 2008. Drug Offenses and Simple Assaults In 2008, juvenile arrests for drug offenses was of 180, 100. At 11% the arrests differ from that of the previous years. Juvenile drug offenses have increased in the last couple of years. Simple assaults decreased in 2008 to 6% of...
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...Outline and asses the three measurements of crime When measuring crime and deviance sociologist tend to look at the different types of ways that we can measure crime; this includes, Official statistics, Victim survey and lastly self report studies. Each of these methods focuses on very different things, they also have strong and weak points but by combining them, a possible general picture of crime and deviance could be drawn. Firstly, official statistics show that public fear of being a victim of crime is rising. This stark difference between the level of crime and fear of crime has been attributed to the way of crime is reported in the media. Tabloid papers often use alarmist headlines about crime and deviance to grab the attention of readers causing a moral panic. It’s been argued that these exaggerate the chances of being victim of crime. Official statistics have strong points such as they are relatively cheap and readily available. They are published annually and they provide data on crime across the whole of the UK and also provide insight into regional differences in crime. This means that sociologists would be able to compare between different parts of the UK for example rural and urban areas. Positivist sociologists such as Functionalists are very supportive of the Official statistics; they see that this method of measuring crime is reliable, representative and valid. It also provides a true picture of the extent and nature of crime. However, this method does come with...
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...Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper This paper will address and summarize four different points from the juvenile arrests bulletin from 2001. Such points included in the summary are the overall decrease in juvenile arrests, the increase in drug offenses and simple assaults, implications for juvenile females and minorities, and last an assessment of the tracking of juvenile arrests as a method of measuring the amount of and trends in juvenile crime. In 2001 the juvenile violent crime index arrest rate declined for the seventh consecutive year. The rate increased dramatically from the late 1980’s through 1994 and then began its steady downward trend. By 2001 the rate had fallen 44% from its 1994 peak reaching the lowest level since 1983. Moving on to the increase in drug offences and simple assaults, arrests of juveniles accounted for 12% of all violent crimes cleared by arrest in 2001 specially, 5% of murders, 12% of forcible rapes, 14% of robberies, and 12% of aggravated assaults. The drug offences in juvenile arrests have increased. In 2001 the estimated arrests for drug violations were 202,500 this is one of the highest numbers in the estimates for 2001. Moving on from drug offences and simple assaults to implications for juvenile females and minorities this is also an issue that seems to be growing by the year. Law enforcement agencies made 645,000 estimated arrests of females under the age of 18 in 2001, between 1992 and 2001 the arrests of juvenile females generally increased...
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...Crime Causation and Diversion paper Crime causation and diversion paper In society today, there are a lot more juveniles involved in criminal activity. More juveniles Have low self esteem, poor decision-making, and hardly any communication skills. More teens are hanging out with a negative group of people, and a lot come from a dysfunctional family these re some of the characteristics of delinquent youth creations (Extension Journal, Inc. 1993). There are many different types of juvenile diversion, intervention and prevention programs and also resources for juvenile offenders to help with rehabilitation. These programs were created to deter juveniles from committing crimes and reduce the rate of juveniles recommitting crimes. Within this paper there will be two programs that will be discussed with in California, explain how the programs work, and their goals to reduce crime and increase rehabilitation rates. Also discussed will be there program objectives and beliefs of their programs and the key participates in both programs. Also discussed will be the services these programs provide for the youth as well as family. And lastly, the comparison of these programs will be discussed and identification will be made on which may be more effective at the reduction of juvenile crime and how that may be true. The first program is “City Hearts Program” Prosecutors, probation officers and judges who serve the Northeast Juvenile Justice Center are recommending City Hearts classes for...
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