...Adulteration can be defined as the intentional addition or subtraction or substitution or abstraction of substances which adversely affect the nature, substance and quality of food products. It can be at the time of harvesting, storage, processing, transportation or distribution. Adulteration is of two types: intentional and incidental. Sometimes adulteration is caused due to ignorance, negligence or lack of proper facilities. To check the growing tendency of food adulteration, Government of India had intro¬duced "Prevention of Food Adulteration Act" (PFA) in 1954. This Act is based on interna¬tional standards, keeping in mind the Indian conditions. This Act came into force on 1 June, 1955. Since then the rules have been amended in 1968, 1973 and 1978-79 to safe-guard the consumer's interests. According to PFA, the following foodstuffs should be deemed to be adulterated: 1. If it is not of the nature, substance, and quality which it ought to be. 2. If it contains cheaper or inferior ingredi¬ents incidentally or intentionally. 3. If it has been prepared by a process which alters the nature, substance, or quality of foodstuff. 4. If any constituent has been abstracted partially or wholly from it like abstrac¬tion of cream from milk. 5. If it has been prepared, packed or kept under unsanitary conditions. 6. If it is infected with insects, worms, etc. 7. If it is obtained from sick or diseased animal, e.g., milk and meat of diseased animals. 8. If it contains poisonous ingredients...
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...| | |Food Safety | |A Matter of Ethics | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Professor: | | ...
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...3 FOAM CONCENTRATES BFC-3.1 Platinum 3% aqueous Film Forming Foam ConCentrate (3% aFFF) DESCRIPTION Earth Friendly, the Buckeye Platinum 3% AFFF is a totally synthetic, aqueous film forming foam concentrate. A vapor suppressing aqueous film is formed by the foam solution draining from the expanded foam blanket. It is intended for use at a proportioning rate of 3% (3 parts AFFF concentrate to 97 parts water) on Class B Hydrocarbon type fuels such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel. Buckeye Platinum 3% AFFF is not intended for use on fuels which are polar solvent/water miscible such as alcohols, ketones and esters. FEATURES • Fixed or portable in-line eductors. • In-Line Balanced Pressure and Pump Pressure pro• Bladder Tank Balanced Pressure proportioning sys• Around-the-Pump proportioners. • Handline, air-aspirating nozzles with fixed eductor pickup tube. DISCHARGE DEVICES Buckeye Platinum 3% AFFF is suitable for use with the following discharge devices. tems. portioning skid. • U.L. Listed and F. M. Approved. • Suitable for use with either fresh or salt water. • Excellent wetting characteristics when used in combat• Suitable for use with both aspirating foam and standard • Suitable for use with Deluge or Closed-Head Foam • If inadvertently frozen, thawing will render product • Suitable for use with carbon steel, fiberglass, polyethcompletely serviceable again. ylene or stainless steel. Buckeye Platinum 3% AFFF is not compatible with galvanized pipe or fittings...
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...against accidental impact & scratches. 5) Special antistatic grades are available for ESD applications. 6) Can be supplied in roll form or in customized fabricated form such as pouches, cut pieces & wraparounds. 7) Various laminates available such as Foam, Film printed or unprinted. 8) Environment friendly product. 100% recyclable. Applications: Virtually every packaging & cushioning application can be carried out using PROTECbubble film such as wrapping expensive fragile & delicate products, auto components, electronic parts & equipments etc. Available in : Roll form in width of 1 mtr, 1.5 mtr & 2 mtrs. & length 100/110 mtrs. Choice of grades from 40gsm onwords. Special grades available PROTEClitelon is a range of flexible extruded Polyethylene closed cell foams. It fulfills your requirements for primary packaging & cushioning against possible transit damages. PROTEClitelon provides a functional & cost effective protective packaging solution which ensures a total protection of your product. Features & Benefits: 1) Durable, light weight & non dusting. 2) Flexible & elastic- Easy to cut, fabricate, wrap around, insert or seal. 3) Can take care of multiple shocks unlike rigid foams. 4)...
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...homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodpol The China melamine milk scandal and its implications for food safety regulation Xiaofang Pei a, Annuradha Tandon b, Anton Alldrick c, Liana Giorgi b,⇑, Wei Huang a, Ruijia Yang a a West China School of Public Health, Sichua University, Chengdu, China The Interdisciplinary Centre for Comparative Research in the Social Sciences, Austria c Camden BRI Food and Drink Research and Services, United Kingdom b a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t This article examines the development of the Chinese dairy sector since 2000 and investigates how this has affected food safety. The ongoing problems caused by melamine contamination are linked to the rapid and unregulated development of this sector. Currently, China is faced with demands – both from home and abroad – to improve its food safety record. This will necessitate it upgrades its regulatory framework to meet the standards of Codex Alimentarius and the EU. A serious restructuring of the dairy sector as well as of the public food safety control agencies is called for. The costs and benefits to be accrued by these reforms are the subject of this article. Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 16 February 2010 Received in revised form 20 January 2011 Accepted 3 March 2011 Available online 8 April 2011 Keywords: Safety Melamine Dairy China EU Regulations Introduction Fewer than three years ago, melamine was a term known only to chemists. This changed...
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...product in illicit drugs are called cutting agents. Deliberate addition of toxic adulterants to food or other products for human consumption is poisoning. In food and beverages[edit] Past and present examples of adulteration, some dangerous, include: Roasted chicory roots used as an adulterant for coffee Diethylene glycol, used dangerously by some winemakers in sweet wines Apple jellies (jams), as substitutes for more expensive fruit jellies, with added colorant and sometimes even specks of wood that simulate raspberry or strawberry seeds Water, for diluting milk and alcoholic beverages Cutting agents used to adulterate (or "cut") illicit drugs—for example, shoe polish in hashish, amphetamines in ecstasy, lactose in cocaine Urea, melamine and other nonprotein nitrogen sources, added to protein products to inflate crude protein content measurements[1] High fructose corn syrup or cane sugar, used to adulterate honey Water or brine injected into chicken, pork, or other meats to increase their weight[2] History[edit] Historically, the use of adulterants has been common; sometimes dangerous substances have been used. In the United Kingdom during the Victorian era, adulterants were common; for example, cheeses were sometimes colored with lead....
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...The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has been established under Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 which consolidates various acts & orders that have hitherto handled food related issues in various Ministries and Departments. FSSAI has been created for laying down science based standards for articles of food and to regulate their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption. A substance added to a food-item to reduce its quality in order to increase its quantity is called as an adulterant. This act of addition of the adulterant in food-items is known as food adulteration. The addition of adulterant may be intentional or accidental. But generally the adulterant addition is intentional. The major reason for the intentional addition of these adulterants is for increasing the profit margin on the expense of the health of the public or consumer. These days rarely any food item is spared from the malicious practice of food adulteration. Almost every food-item from milk to fruits, from vegetables to grains is added with adulterants. Some adulterants enter via agricultural steps, as they are not cleaned well. These are visible adulterants like stones, leaves, soil, sand and dust to name a few. The consumer can clean them and this makes it less harmful. Other adulterants that are intentionally added are invisible or they are made invisible by astutely camouflaging with the color or...
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...Effect of food adulteration on the health of people Abstract of the report: Introduction to Food Adulteration: Adulteration – is a term legally used to define any kind of food product that does not meet the standards set by the centre or the state. The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act states that any substance that may be used for adulteration can be called as an adulterant. • Adulteration could mean any of the below: • Substitution with a cheaper or inferior quality substance – in part or whole • Articles being packaged and kept under conditions that are classified as insanitary • Any food article infested with insects, or consisting of decomposed , rotten or filthy stuff • Substance being obtained from an animal affected from disease • Articles containing poisonous materials • Articles that contain coloring substance that has not been prescribes for use or contains a prescribed coloring substance beyond the prescribed limits • The above point is true for preservatives as well • Quality of an article is not up to the prescribed standards As a part of this report, we intend to explore the effects that food adulteration has on the health and lives of the victims, look at some of the most common forms of food adulteration that takes place in our country as well as around the globe. We will also briefly look at the laws that are in place to protect us from food adulteration and their implications on controlling food adulteration. Another major focus point...
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...a reputed melamine wares manufacturer & exporter In this study report, we have tried to include all the factors we thought essential for previously mentioned title. We have analyzed the factors based on managerial theories & managerial key functions with the proposed options & the events though few things might be omitted due to our limited knowledge & access of information. We are always prepared to provide any kind of information or documents to you on your demand. We will be very grateful if our limited effort is able to draw your kind attention. We expect that you will be kind enough to help us by detecting faults containing in this study report. Your valuable advice will encourage us further. Thanking you Arifur Rahman Md. Al-Amin Tamal Rahan Turzo Rizwana Chowdhury Md. Saidul Mursalin Saber-Al-Mamun Prelude: The name of Taj is entwined with the glory of-the Taj's product. A man gifted with an inherent entrepreneurial sense, Mr. Ataur Rahman started a trading house in 1973, which continued to expand in scope and nature as time went along. In 2000, Taj went into production of melamine-ware. The success was immediate as there was a demand for such product in the local market. Taj's state-of-the-art technology and creative designs gave it an edge ocher its competitors not only at local but also at global market. Taj King Industries (Pvt.) Ltd is an enterprise that combines industry and trade, mainly engages in production of melamine ware and plastic...
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...effects are global. Our group has chosen China and Taiwan as our two main countries for analysis: China is one of the world’s largest exporters of food products and food safety issue is pertinent; Taiwan’s food products are exported to 15 major countries such as U.S., China, Germany, Hong Kong, and Malaysia (Wang, 2011), thus food safety issue is serious as well. If these hazardous products were circulated to different countries, the consequences would be widespread. This report provides the background information, analysis of the problem and solutions in the respective countries. In addition, our group will identify the root cause of the problem, generate alternative solutions and decide the best-fit solution. 2. China Food Scandal The China melamine milk scandal was uncovered in 2008, when 14 babies reportedly fell ill in Gansu Province in a span of 2 months ("Timeline: China milk," 2011). The problem was brought to light...
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...I. Introduction: Food adulteration is a growing problem in Bangladesh as large numbers of consumers have become victims of consuming adulterated foods. This problem is becoming acute day by day. It is becoming essential to find out the reasons of food adulteration and how to solve this problem. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has estimated that 45 million people in Bangladesh suffer from food poisoning or some kind of food-borne diseases round the year. Adulteration of food with toxic chemicals harmful to health has reached an epidemic proportion in Bangladesh. The newspapers have out and out conferred it, as the ‘silent killer’. It is now very difficult to find a sector of food industry which is free of adulteration. Experts believe that 76% of foods of our country are adulterated. Alarming increase of adulteration of food commodities create a strong public opinion for combating the ferocity of the offence. The study first identifies what is food adulteration and types of food adulteration. Secondly, the study aims to provide some suggestion for removing this problem. II. What is food Adulteration? Food Adulteration is the act of adding or mixing something harmful, useless and unnecessary substance to food. In other words, any food item may be considered as adulterated if its nature and quality are not up to the standard. As a result of adulteration, food or drink becomes impure and unfit for human consumption. Unscrupulous traders normally adulterate food....
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...Dealing with food adulteration problem Muhammad Mustafa Posted: 28 Mar, 2015 00:00:00 Source : http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2015/03/28/86548 The adulteration or contamination of food is an alarming problem in Bangladesh. It affects the life of each and every person irrespective of gender, age or economic status. It poses serious threat to the development of the growing children – even when a child is still in the womb of the mother. The number of disabled and autistic children in the country is around 1.5 million, according to child health specialists. Access to pure and safe food is a fundamental right of every citizen of the country but unfortunately adulteration of food with toxic chemicals has reached such a level that pure and safe food is hardly available in the market. So, knowingly or unknowingly, people have to buy poisonous adulterated food with their hard-earned money to eat and to feed their children. The media, particularly the newspapers, have raised the awareness of the people about food adulteration. They have been writing how food grains, vegetables, fruits, fish, meat, milk, bakery products, sweetmeats, ice-cream and soft drink are being adulterated. Recently, it was published in many dailies that poultry, dairy and fish feed are produced from the waste of tannery factories, which are contaminated with heavy metals like cadmium, chromium, lead, etc. These harmful heavy metals are entering our body through consumption of fish, meat, chicken and...
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...Classification of Adhesives: There are two main classes of adhesives: thermoplastic and thermosetting. Thermoplastic sets either my loss of solvent or by cooling. It will soften again by applying the solvent to the glue line or by re-heating. Thermosetting sets and solidifies through a chemical reaction and is irreversible. Adhesives that set at room temperature are known as 'cold-setting' and those that require heating up to a temperature perhaps in the case of pearl glue 40 and others up to 100 degrees C are known as 'hot-setting'. Types of Adhesives: Animal. Known as scotch glue (yes glue!), pearl or hide glue. Made from the hides, hoofs and bones of animals. Available now in cake or more likely supplied in small beads. It is essential for restoration work, veneering and other applications where compatibility with original artefacts is needed. Used extensively in the musical instrument industries. It is for internal use only and has high gap filling properties. Fish glue is also available which is made out of fish offal and skins. Good for small repairs. Not recommended for structural work. Casein. Manufactured from soured, skimmed milk curbs which are dried and crushed into a powder form. General joinery and woodwork use. It may stain some hardwoods and oak is particularly prone to darken. To use the powder it is mixed with cold water into a smooth creamy paste. Developed in WW2 for the manufacture of the Mosquito plane which was largely made...
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...LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL July 15, 2012 HUSNA ARA Lecturer Department of Business Administration EAST WEST UNIVERSITY Subject: Submission of Assignment. Dear Madam, We would like to express our profound thanks and gratitude to your good offices for granting us an opportunity to submit an assignment on“ Marketing Practice Limelight on 4P’S & STP”an overview “HATIL Furniture House.” a comparative Study On HATIL Furniture house Ltd. May, We therefore hope that, you would be kind enough to accept this assignment with your utmost satisfaction. Sincerely yours, Sadi Mahmud Sazib Raha Sabbir Hasan Sultamuzzaman Md. Alamgir Hossain Anamika Saha Acknowledgement The special thank goes to our helpful madam, HUSNA ARA. The supervision and supporting that she gave us truly help the progression and smoothness of the assignment. The co-operation is much indeed appreciated. The grateful thanks go to Marketing manager of HATIL who brief us cordially about the assignment so that we can collect the data & make our assignment successfully. The grateful thanks also go to both Ms. Sabrin Ahamed and Mr. Ekramul, Receptionist of HATIL. A big contribution and hard worked from them is very great indeed. All projects during the program would be nothing without the enthusiasm and imagination from them. Besides by this assignment program makes us realized the value of working together as a team and as a new experience in marketing environment, which challenged...
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...* Agro Products * Animal Feeds * Aqua Culture & Fish Farming * Astrologers * Academy & Arts * Animation * Art & Design * Art Galleries * Audio Recording Studio * Audio-Visual Production & Services * Automobile Air-Conditioner * Automobile Assembler & Manufacturers * Automobile Body Manufacturers * Automobile Display & Sales Center * Automobile Distributor * Automobile Paints * Automobile Parts & Accessories * Automobile Service Center * Automobile Workshop & Maintenance * Advertising Agencies & Counselors * Advertising-Out Door * Acids * Adhesives Glue & Gum * Agricultural Chemicals * Architects * Audio-Visual Equipment Suppliers * Audio-Visual Tapes & Cassettes * Alarm & Alarm Systems * Abrasives * Aluminium Fabricator * Aluminium Products Manufacturer, Dealer & Seller * Association of Development Agencies in Bangladesh * Associations * Animal Health * Ayurvadic & Herbal Products * Aerosol * Accounts & Audit Service * Agricultural Machineries & Equipment * Air Condition Project & Installation * Air Conditioner & Air Cooler Distributor & Service * Air Conditioning-Equipment & Parts * Anti Vibration Equipment * Arms & Ammunition * Airlines * Air Craft Spare Parts * Auto Cycle...
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