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An organization may be defined as a systematic arrangement of people brought together to achieve some specific purpose (Robbins and DeCenzo, 1995, p. 4). By this definition; a college, university, church, supermarket and even a family may considered to be an organization.
Robbins and DeCenzo (1995) stated that every organization has three (3) characteristics i.e. it has a purpose or goal, is made of people who are arranged by some criteria (structure).
Each organization’s distinct purpose is usually defined or expressed in terms of a goal or set of goals. These goals are devised and achieved via human resources the absence of which would render the achievement of such goals impossible.
In an effort to achieve goals via human resource, organizations devise a methodical framework that defines and limits the behavior of its members. This involves: the creation of rules and regulations, assigning members supervisory control over other members, forming work teams and writing job descriptions so that organizational members know what they are supposed to.
Management refers to the art or process of getting things done effectively and efficiently through and with other people (Robbins and DeCenzo, 1995).
Henri Fayol, a French industrialist in the early part of the twentieth century stated that all managers perform five management activities referred to as “management processes” i.e. they plan, organize, command, coordinate and control. These management processes however, have been condensed to: planning, organizing, leading and controlling by contemporary social scientists.
The relationship between management and organization becomes very clear in that management is the vehicle or route that an organization takes in hopes of reaching its destination i.e. achieve its objectives or goals effectively and efficiently with and through people.
Organizations exist to

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