...Mindfulness practices like Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) are rooted in Buddhist traditions but it is delivered independently from the religious and cultural origins in mental health practices (Sipe & Eisendrath, 2012; Baer 2003). MBCT was created by cognitive therapists John Teasdale, Mark Williams and Zindel Segal as a form of therapy that combines aspects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy(CBT) and Jon Kabat-Zinn’s Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programme (Williams, Russel, & Russel, 2008; Shapiro & Carlson, 2009). The programme was originally developed to target the cognitive vulnerability in patients with depressive relapse to help them break habitual dysfunctional cognitive patterns, to reduce the recurrence or relapse of depression (Van der Velden, et al. 2015; Williams, et al. 2008). The combination of cognitive and mindfulness based therapy provides a long term form of preventing relapse (Shapiro and Carlson, 2009). Usual CBT concentrates on teaching patient’s how to cognitively approach and understand the aetiology of mood disorder and then apply certain skills to change dysfunctional and automatic thoughts (Beck, as cited in Manicavasgar, Parker, & Perich, 2011). The mindfulness component of the MBCT programme focuses on teaching patients to become aware of their bodily sensations, thoughts and feelings in a non-judgemental way. This awareness allows patients to face difficulties and discomfort from a perspective where they...
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...to empathize, to feel with another person is the focal point of psychotherapy (McCann & Pearlman, 1990). That being the case, clinicians need to learn how to think clearly, modulate their emotions, feel effective when working with clients and maintain help that they are going to be effective. But, if the clinician is put into these states of stress by virtue of listening to others, they may feel inclined to withdraw from their clients (Geller et. al, 2004). When creating a psychotherapeutic relationship between a therapist and a client one approach that is considered as compatible with our theories and clinical foundations is that of the mindfulness based approach. According to Germer (2005), there are two general approaches that clinicians have applied in their clinical work. That of being mindful in psychotherapy and mindfulness – based psychotherapy (Turner, 2008). These two approaches have been shown to be effective and beneficial when in a therapeutic environment. Through...
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...Mindfulness and Its Role in Psychological Well-Being By: Justin Tang, ID #0827635 Psychology 1000*01 Benjamin Giguere Tuesday, November 18, 2014 Introduction Despite the fact that the mind, body and spirit are interconnected, there is a tendency to forget about—or even neglect—our psychological well-being. According to the Canadian Mental Health Association, for example, one in five of us will experience a mental illness in our lifetime (CMHA, 2014). Though this statistic is in part due to the stigma associated with mental health, there are various methods in which we can protect and promote our psychological wellbeing. More importantly, given that suffering is inevitable and arrives in innumerable guises (e.g. stress, depression, confusion), how can one become less disturbed by the unpleasant experiences in life? By introducing the concept, this paper will argue that mindfulness can be used to as a tool to achieve greater psychological well-being. Known as a deceptively simple but useful attention-regulating practice, mindfulness allows one to be less reactive to what is happening in the moment and accepting of all experiences—be it positive, negative, or neutral (Germer, 2004). Defining Mindfulness What, exactly, is mindfulness? Although there has been a call in the literature to reconstruct aspects of current mindfulness models, including the establishment of a mutually agreed upon definition and application of the term (Germer 2004), mindfulness is best...
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...Description Treatment Focus Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a system of therapy originally developed by Marsha M. Linehan, a psychology researcher at the University of Washington, to treat people with borderline personality disorder (BPD). DBT combines standard cognitive-behavioral techniques for emotion regulation and reality testing with concepts of distress tolerance, acceptance, and mindful awareness largely derived from Buddhist meditative practice. DBT may be the first therapy that has been experimentally demonstrated to be generally effective in treating BPD. A meta-analysis found that DBT reached moderate effects. Research indicates that DBT is also effective in treating patients who present varied symptoms and behaviors associated with spectrum mood disorders, including self-injury. Recent work suggests its effectiveness with sexual abuse survivors and chemical dependency. Linehan observed "burn-out" in therapists after coping with non-motivated patients who against cooperation in successful treatment. Her first core insight was to recognize that the chronically suicidal patients she studied had been raised in profoundly invalidating environments, and, therefore, required a climate of unconditional acceptance, in which to develop a successful therapeutic alliance. Her second insight involved the need for a commensurate commitment from patients, who needed to be willing to accept their dire level of emotional dysfunction. Treatment Strategies and/or Techniques ...
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...In David Foster Wallace’s graduation speech, “This is Water”, presented to Kenyan College graduating class of 2005, Wallace influences the class to view the world as a whole rather than independently. Wallace opposes that we should not feel as though the world spins around just our needs additionally the needs of others however he makes a point to express that everybody has a decision of how to view the world. His argument is clear however but not accepted by most. Through his personal experiences and examples he gave in the speech every one of his parables conveys a different message. His credibility lies within freedom of choice he wants his audience to have the choice to make decisions that will positively affect them. Wallace discusses...
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...Behavior Therapy B.F. SKINNER • (1904–1990) Reported that he was brought up in a warm, stable family environment. • As he was growing up, Skinner was greatly interested in building all sorts of things, an interest that followed him throughout his professional life. • He received his PhD in psychology from Harvard University in 1931 and eventually returned to Harvard after teaching in several universities. • He had two daughters, one of whom is an educational psychologist and the other an artist. • Skinner was a prominent spokesperson for behaviorism and can be considered the FATHER OF THE BEHAVIORAL APPROACH TO PSYCHOLOGY. • Skinner championed radical behaviorism, which places primary emphasis on the effects of environment on behavior. • Skinner was also a determinist; he did not believe that humans had free choice. He acknowledged that feelings and thoughts exist, but he denied that they caused our actions. Instead, he stressed the cause-and-effect links between objective, observable environmental conditions and behavior. • Most of Skinner’s work was of an experimental nature in the laboratory, but others have applied his ideas to teaching, managing human problems, and social planning. Science and Human Behavior best illustrates how Skinner thought behavioral concepts could be applied to every domain of human behavior. • In Walden II (1948) Skinner describes a utopian community in which his ideas, derived from the laboratory, are applied to social issues. • His 1971...
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...must share common understanding. Mindfulness means attending to one’s internal assumptions, cognitions, and emotions, and simultaneously attuning to the other’s assumptions, cognitions and emotions. Mindful communication can be judged by the criteria of appropriateness, effectiveness, and satisfaction. A deep knowledge about different cultural activities, values, attitudes, and communication practices makes our communication with others more meaningful. Mindful intercultural communication can be defined as a symbolic exchange in which individuals interactively negotiate shared meanings. The first stage concerns how messages are sent, perceived, diagnosed, and decoded. In the second stage, individuals must identify how to respond, which involves making attributions about the meaning of the message they have received. Finally, people must choose from their repertoire of possible responses and enact those that they think are most appropriate in the third stage. Fluency in a foreign language affects a global manager’s ability to accurately perceive and diagnose the situation. Non verbal communication is also important which add meaning to our verbal messages. For example, tone of voice, body position, facial expressions, and eye contact can play important roles in effective communication with different cultural people. Intercultural communication skills are our ability to interact effectively in a given situation; they consist of mindful observation, mindful listening, identity confirmation...
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...'SMART’ CANE FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED PEOPLE Vaibhav Singh, Rohan Paul Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 3 Review of the literature 4 Objective of the project 4 Methods and Materials 5 1. Description of System 5 2. The gadget works in two client selectable modes 5 3. Design of System 6 Experiments of the field 6 1. Field research 7 2. Enrolment of User 7 3. Usage of Smart Cane training 7 4. Phase of Trial 8 5. Indicator for Key Performance 8 Outcome 9 Awareness about Obstacle raises 9 Rate of collision reduction 9 Distance of Obstacle Detection 9 Usage of Smart Cane with few observations 10 Feedback of user post-experiment 10 Special cases of user 10 Conclusion 11 References 11 Executive Summary The persons that are visually challenged face awesome trouble in autonomous portability and utilize the white stick as a versatility help to distinguish near to impediments on the ground. Nonetheless, the stick has two noteworthy impediments: * It can just distinguish obstructions up to knee-level. Consequently, the client can't identify raised impediments like lifted bars and much of the time crashes into them. (Iovine, 2004) * The stick can just distinguish obstructions inside 1m from the client. Additionally, obstructions like moving vehicles can't be distinguished until hazardously near the individual. Very nearly 90% of the visually impaired persons live in creating nations, with a larger part...
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...ebook THE GUILFORD PRESS DBT ® Skills Training Handouts and Worksheets Also from Marsha M. Linehan Books for Professionals Cognitive- ehavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder B DBT Skills Training Manual, Second Edition Dialectical Behavior Therapy with Suicidal Adolescents Alec L. Miller, Jill H. Rathus, and Marsha M. Linehan Mindfulness and Acceptance: Expanding the Cognitive- ehavioral Tradition B Edited by Steven C. Hayes, Victoria M. Follette, and Marsha M. Linehan Videos Crisis Survival Skills, Part One: Distracting and Self- oothing S Crisis Survival Skills, Part Two: Improving the Moment and Pros and Cons From Suffering to Freedom: Practicing Reality Acceptance Getting a New Client Connected to DBT (Complete Series) Opposite Action: Changing Emotions You Want to Change This One Moment: Skills for Everyday Mindfulness Treating Borderline Personality Disorder: The Dialectical Approach Understanding Borderline Personality: The Dialectical Approach For more information and for DBT skills updates from the author, see her websites: www.linehaninstitute.org, http://blogs.uw.edu/brtc, and http://faculty.washington.edu/linehan/ DBT Skills Training Handouts and Worksheets ® Second Edition Marsha M. Linehan THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London © 2015 Marsha M. Linehan Published by The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights...
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...psychological therapists, our task is to devise, evaluate and, most importantly, persuade the client to adopt alternative, healthier, ways of coping; ways that offer less immediate relief, but which do not trap the person in a diminished quality of life. By explaining breakdown in terms of coping with intolerable affect, this approach, developed and evaluated in an acute hospital setting (Durrant, Clarke & Wilson 2007), enables us to offer more adapted skills for coping with affect as the solution. This 'third wave Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)' approach (Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999) takes seriously the discontinuities in human information processing (Teasdale & Barnard 1993) and employs mindfulness to manage them. The coping mechanisms considered are: • Mindfulness • Arousal management techniques • Emotion Regulation skills (Linehan 1993a & b) • Skills for coping with relationships with self and others, including a compassionate mind based approach to self esteem. • Coping with psychosis. Many of these techniques are already familiar in...
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...in search of understanding. After encountering an old man, an ill man, a corpse and an ascetic, Gautama was convinced that suffering lay at the end of all existence. He renounced his princely title and became a monk, depriving himself of worldly possessions in the hope of comprehending the truth of the world around him. The culmination of his search came while meditating beneath a tree, where he finally understood how to be free from suffering, and ultimately, to achieve salvation. Following this epiphany, Gautama was known as the Buddha, meaning the "Enlightened One." The Buddha spent the remainder of his life journeying about India, teaching others what he had come to understand. Everything that the Buddha taught was based on his own observation.[pic] There are quite a few Buddhists festivals. The two that I will talk about are “The Buddhist New...
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...Title of Educational Activity: Mindful Listening Purpose / Goals: To provide information and tools to assist the health care professional in communicating more effectively through the client/patient / care giver relationship, as listening is a significant part of the communication process. M0707121 Objectives List the educational objectives. 1. Response to and discuss the question: “What is communication?” Content (Topics) Provide an outline of the content/topic presented and indicate to which objective(s) the content/topic is related. I. A. B. C. D. E. II. A. B. C. D. E. F. III. 1. 2. 3. 1. Communication - What it is It is NOT about words It is about connecting with another person It is about deep listening It is about frank and honest dialog It is about trust Development of listening skills Increase in patient satisfaction Increase in patient retention Increase in best possible clinical outcomes. Increase in patient loyalty Increase in word of mouth referrals Increase in patient cooperation compliance The Myths of Listening Listening means agreeing: agreeing is not good listening Listening is a lot of hard work: focused, deep listening takes 45 seconds Listening requires you have to “act like you’re listening.” Listening takes too much time: people interrupt their clients after the first 12-14 seconds of the client speaking. What Makes A Mindful Listener A. A mindful listener “gets the whole picture”, not just the words but gestures, tone, attitude, expressions and pauses...
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...Behavior Therapy: Basic Concepts, Assessment Methods, and Applications. Different kinds of psychotherapies have existed throughout history, and have always been rooted in philosophical views of human nature (Wachtel P., 1997). Specifically, behavior therapy intents to help individuals overcome difficulties in nearly any aspect of human experience (Thorpe G. & Olson S., 1990). The techniques of behavior therapy have been applied to education, the workplace, consumer activities, and even sports, but behavior therapy in clinical settings is largely concerned with the assessment of mental health problems. In general, behavior therapy is a type of psychotherapy that aims on changing undesirable types of behavior. It engages in identifying objectionable, maladaptive behaviors and replacing them with healthier ones. . According to Rimm D. & Masters J. (1974), the label “behavior therapy” comprises a large number of different techniques that make use of psychological-especially learning- principles to deal with maladaptive human behavior. Behavior therapy is a relative new kind of psychotherapy (Corsini R. & Wedding D., 2008). As a systematic approach, behavior therapy began in the 1950’s, in order to assess and treat psychological disorders. Behavior therapy was developed by a small group of psychologists and physicians who were not satisfied with the conventional techniques of psychotherapy (Thorpe G. et al, 1990). They linked behavior therapy to experimental psychology, differentiating...
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...Course Project: Technology Plan Author’s Name: Damar Grant Date: August 24, 2014 Course Project Introduction The aim of a technology plan within any institution is simply to supplement insight of excellence in academics and make sure that all the students authenticate competence. In today’s society change is refers to as a standard rather than a hypothesis. Students need to adjust learning by researching how to use new information to explore. It is the responsibilities of the teachers to teach students how to learn. A lecturer of mine once told me, it is not what you teach, but how you teach. In this paper the technology plan speaks to preparation for the future. It is design to assist in preparing our students for their future and administering skilled-learning for teachers and administrators. Background Damar Grant in a paper previously stated, “Children differ not only in their achievement level and their rate of learning, but also in almost every characteristic trait. They differ when they come into the world; they differ physically, mentally and socially. They differ even in their interests and special talents. They differ in learning. No one system of instruction can possible do full justice to all these differences and in all its aspects. One important thing to remember though, is that differences in teaching contribute to the difficulties in learning”. It is the intention to use this technology plan to develop an atmosphere...
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...ideas, beliefs, values and culture which constitutes as the shared basis of social action. This could not have been more accurate for the study of Buddhism culture. In our study, we gathered that Buddhism is a philosophy which encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices which is based on the teachings of the renowned Buddha. The religion of Buddhism stretches to an extensive degree. Like many other cultures, there are different extents of religion, from the extreme to the customary and finally, to the moderate. There is no doubt that the Buddhist culture is vast. This research was embarking study of the Buddhist Monks. Research teaches us their discipline is refined and is intended to be conducive to the arising of mindfulness and wisdom. Furthermore, we gathered that the information of this culture is an excellent tool, which can be instrumental in leading to the end of all suffering. Enlighten information was gathered on the origination, background, religion, education, language, and finally beliefs. As mentioned this religion’s teachings mainly originated from the teachings of a “Buddha”. But where did this prominent figure originated from? According to legend and research by elite scholars, Siddhartha Gautama was the first Buddhist monk. Siddhartha was born into a very wealthy family...
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