...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary CJA/384 Michelle Khanlar 03/16/2015 Organized crime is probably one of the biggest misconception in the American legal system. Even though many theorist have tried to explain this phenomenon, two models of organized crime are the most accurate. Donald Cressey believed the organized criminal networks are controlled by only one Italian Group, the group he calls La Costa Nostra. This group was bureaucratic in form and governed by a hierarchy with strict rules. Orders flowed from the top to those below with many specializing in criminal abilities. There is no room for error in assignments, for penalties are severe (Mallory, 2007). The second model to enter into the minds of Americans suggested that other than a bureaucratic imported organized crime group, that organized crime was made up of several smaller groups. Instead of having one boss at the top, there are several bosses you relay information rather than take orders. This information is passed along and implemented independently by others who divide the spoils to those above as more of a thanks. This kind of organization was termed Patron-client by Joseph Albini in 1971 (Lyman & Potter, 2007). These two groups do have some things that are similar, the bureaucratic model is known for its enforcement of rules while the Patron – client organization enforces traditional values. Both of these organizations will use whatever force necessary to reprimand those who step outside...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Bureaucracy is basically the government official documents use to make sure that I’s are dotted and the t’s are cross. It is used mostly by government officials’ and administrative, they are primary used through the bureaus division of labor system. With this it can be at ones advantage it helps with structure in which is needed to run successful organization, some advantage could be keeping structure and a strategic plan at hand. A disadvantage could be if an origination is not large enough it cause it to be difficult to keep everything in order, that is why the higher rank your origination is the better they have upper hand on creating their own rules and regulation verse an organization that is small and not have much ranking in any type of ideal that they may have to bring to the table. Bureaucracy can also be more on the line of the law and corporates helping to organized crime on how they operate and are succeeding so well. A patron-client organization deals with more of the people and how they interact with each other and the public relations part. They can also give information to each other and then send to the government officials’ and they work more with groups to of politics. Or a group of people who are all about social organization and tradition. On the other side they are also ones who practice on organizing crime that will help benefit them. Examples of bureaucratic would be corporate organization and category of...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary CJA 384 October 16, 2011 University of Phoenix Models of Organized Crime Organized crime has different levels involved for establishing concept and operation for existence. To understand organized crime defined as criminal acts done deliberately and intentionally for obtaining profit through illegal activities is the main premise. The structure for accomplishing is determined through a system involving individuals who understand their place within a criminal organization. This paper will discuss models for patron client and bureaucratic regarding criminal organizations. Models for organized crime will be discussed discovering similarities and differences involving structure within an organization and establish importance for understanding organized crime using either the patron-client or bureaucratic model. Organized crime as constituted is composed of two basic models patron-client and bureaucratic. Patron client organization is an association of criminal patrons linking trade information through political and government leaders establishing a network connection for the principle benefiting an organization both economically and politically. The patron client system is structured using a chain of command involving one main leader, an underboss, an advisor, captains, and workers. Instructions within this organization are passed down in a vertical direction starting from the top with the main boss and the underboss...
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...Patron-Client Organization Executive Summary Howard Abadinsky (1985) proposed the bureaucratic and patron-client models of organized crime. The bureaucratic model characteristics have compilation from Fredrick Taylor (1990) and Max Weber (1947) theories on organized crime. This structure has a requirement of a hierarchy of power, rules, and regulations with each group, a labor division, specialized members, and a routine necessary for the group to function efficiently. ¬¬¬Outlawed biker groups such as the Hells Angels and the Warlock are a bureaucratic form of organized crime. The Mafia represents the comparable model; the patron-client organized crime model. Formal initiation confirms membership into the group and like the bureaucratic model; the structure is of hierarchy power. The main boss has an underboss and downward levels of power the members have a close relationship and the relationships branch out towards the bottom level and this is where new members are initiated. By branching out the lower level, the organization has a better opportunity to evade detection and apprehension by law enforcement, and maintain a steady flow of production and operation (Limbaugh, Sept.10, 2010). Another attribution for the organization models an executive branch as in a system of government. For example, if the top leader were unable to fulfill the role, the next person in position would take over the role of that leader, and so forth. The “patron-client model is less centralized...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Krystal Doss CJA/384 May 16, 2013 Theresa Bunn Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Throughout the criminal justice system there are two different organizations. The two structures consist of bureaucratic and patron-client organizations. There are also main models of organized crime share similarities and differences. The models of organized crime include hierarchical and local-ethnic models as well as the abadinsky model. However, the abadinsky proposes two models as explanations to indicate the structure of organized crime groups. Within this document the distinctions between bureaucratic and patron-client organizations will be met. The similarities and differences between the main models of organized crime will also be discussed. It is important to understand organized crime and why it is beneficial. The bureaucratic organization is mentioned in the abadinsky model and implements that effectiveness is the main purpose for broad actions. With activities that consistently enlarge, the bureaucratic model intervenes to maintain the organization with rules, hierarchy, specialization, and means of communication (Abadinsky, 2003). The hierarchical model is similar to the bureaucratic organization where there is a boss followed by his line of workers or soldiers. In this particular model, the boss oversees activities carried out by the workers and is also in charge of their behavior. On the other hand, the local-ethnic...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary By: Amanda Winter University Of Phoenix September 21, 2015 Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary There are many different models that can represent organized crime such as the patron-client organizations and the bureaucratic organizations. Each model has differences on how they are run and what the main focus is. Models When looking at the different models of Organized crime, one can see how they easy differentiate from the others. The patron-client organizations are focused on the supply and demand of social resources. The framework for this type of crime organization model is based on all parties involved to cooperate with each other. This form of crime organization model is generally beneficially to drug importers and drug dealers. The patron-client crime organization model has individuals that can wield power and can also give out favors, which can be called in at a later time. This model is not as strict as the bureaucratic crime organization model. By keeping their relations strong, they can network farther and farther out. The Bureaucratic crime organization models, which can also be named the Hierarchical Crime Organization Model, covers groups of individuals that focus more on the how’s and why’s of the “business” operations. The Bureaucratic crime organization model is quite strict on how things are to be done. When trying to understand these models, first one must again realize the differences...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Sandra Haynesworth CJA/384 05-18-2012 University of Phoenix Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Gangs much resemble organized crime in that they include a group of closely related people that commit routine crimes against society. Early scholars noted that gangs arose much around the same time that organized crime did in the United States, and that gang members have often contributed to a "disproportionate level of crime in society" (Krohn, et al. 2003). Gang members are often more involved in delinquency than other youth organizations, but also more likely to be comprised of younger members of society than members of organized crime (Krohn, et al. 2003)." All criminal organizational models consist of similarities and differences but the main purpose is to benefit law enforcement, researchers, society, and professionals with a better understanding of how criminal organizations develop domestically and internationally. Models are based on supporting research, statistics, facts, and convincing arguments that have been gathered by professional psychologists, sociologists, and criminologists. Information presented focuses on organizational structure, purpose and cause, members, and clientele. In addition, each model incorporates unique features that are detail specific. The models presented are tools that provide answers to questions, offer an explanation to why individuals engage in illegal activity, how criminal organizations...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Brittany Hereford CJA 384 September 28, 2014 Terri Smith Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary There are many of foundations of criminal activity in the United States of America, however, the foundation of criminal activity is the different kinds of organized crime. Organized Crime is that of which is defined as a criminal enterprise or individuals that are made in to a group that works as one or multiple groups that work together that have an identified hierarchy in which participates in all kinds of serious criminal activities. Organized crime has a structure that consists of two significant elements which include patron-client and bureaucratic organizations. In the structure of organized crimes there are models that support it by the connections and involvement of patron client and bureaucratic organizations in which determine the similarities as well as the differences in which the two models that make the structure of organized crime. The most significant element is one of which that distinguishes the differences between patron client and bureaucratic organizations. Patron-Client Organization The Patron Client Organization also known as the patrimonial network that consists of the “Criminal individuals that not only send but also receive messages, individuals that creates a network or a connection that is includes political leaders as well as other government participants and officials as well as access to a wide...
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...development of organized crime in the United States. It examines the structure and activities of organized criminal enterprises, considers different models that have been employed to describe organized crime groups, and explores theories that have been advanced to explain the phenomenon. Major investigations of organized crime and legal strategies that have been developed to combat it are also considered. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. (2007). Organized crime (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Mallory, S. L. (2007). Understanding organized crime. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Understanding Organized Crime | | Details | Due | Points | Objectives | 1.1 Define organized crime. 1.2 Compare the various models that explain...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary In this paper, comparisons will be made between bureaucratic and patron-client organizations. In addition, the similarities and differences between the models of organized crime will be examined. The models of organized crime will be analyzed for their importance in the understanding of criminal organizations. The differences between bureaucratic and patron-client organizations are visible as bureaucratic deals with offices that do things by the law. They do not take extensive training in customer service and do not concentrate on being nice. The offices that are being referred to are government offices such as Welfare, DMV, and Section 8. In contrast, patron-client facilities are offices or places that focus upon pleasing their clients because if they don’t, the patron will go to another facility to get their needs met. This brings us to the similarities and differences of the models of organized crime. According to Lyman (2007) there are three theories of organized crime that help in the understanding of criminal organizations. The first theory is the Alien Conspiracy theory, which blames outside influences and outsiders for the rise of organized crime in American society. Second, the Rational Choice theory is when a person weighs the pros and cons of living a certain lifestyle; in addition they also know what the consequences of their actions are as well. Finally, the deterrence...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Dena White CJA/384 May 12, 2013 David Thomas Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary The purpose of this document is to compose a statement of the main ideals in which Dena will link the differences between the bureaucratic and patron – client organizations. In fact, this document will speak of the similarities and differences between the dominate ideals of organized crime, and define why the models are significant for comprehending organized crime. Distinctions The patron – client system is a cluster of lawbreakers who trade knowledge, set up a system of elements of relationships with governmental and authorative bosses and gain access to a chain for the intention of helping group’s customers both politically and economically. The patron – client system commonly constructed using a ruling body strategy and made up of one dominate boss, a consultant, and other individuals. Requests moved to a lower position in a perpendicular situation with the highest supervisor and the lower individuals. In fact, associates of the patron – client systems are recruited. In addition, the patron – client systems are close beginning at the highest to the lowest levels. Furthermore, allowing the system members to go his or her way has a favorable chance to avoid the police, the progress, and procedures (Alves & Redlin, 2013). Bureaucratic systems are orderly and made up of governing action, laws, and orders that hold back individuals...
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...Course Materials Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. (2007). Organized crime (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Mallory, S. L. (2007). Understanding organized crime. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. All electronic materials are available on the student website. |Week One: Understanding Organized Crime | | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives |1.1 Define organized crime. |Thurs | 2 | | |1.2 Compare the various models that explain the structure of organized crime |Sat | | | |groups. | | | | |1.3 Describe the attributes of organized crime and its common behavioral | | | | |categories. | | | |Readings |Read the Week One Read Me First. | | | | |Read Ch. 1 of Organized Crime. | | | | ...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary The purpose of this document is to compose a statement of the main ideals in which Dena will link the differences between the bureaucratic and patron – client organizations. In fact, this document will speak of the similarities and differences between the dominate ideals of organized crime, and define why the models are significant for comprehending organized crime. Distinctions The patron – client system is a cluster of lawbreakers who trade knowledge, set up a system of elements of relationships with governmental and authorative bosses and gain access to a chain for the intention of helping group’s customers both politically and economically. The patron – client system commonly constructed using a ruling body strategy and made up of one dominate boss, a consultant, and other individuals. Requests moved to a lower position in a perpendicular situation with the highest supervisor and the lower individuals. In fact, associates of the patron – client systems are recruited. In addition, the patron – client systems are close beginning at the highest to the lowest levels. Furthermore, allowing the system members to go his or her way has a favorable chance to avoid the police, the progress, and procedures (Alves & Redlin, 2013). Bureaucratic systems are orderly and made up of governing action, laws, and orders that hold back individuals such as the patron – client systems from making judgments’ without official consent. According to WeeKoh...
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...Do liquor sales affect the crime rates in the Richmond Tri-Cities area? The Authorization Statement The purpose of this comprehensive data analysis will utilize secondary data to determine if there is a direct correlation between liquor sales and crime rates in the tri- cities area. Project Summary TITLE: The proposal will provide a comprehensive data analysis regarding is there a direct correlations between liquor sales and crimes rates in the tri-cities area PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The purposed project analysis will collect 10 years of sales data from the Virginia ABC Board and the City of Richmond, Henrico County, and Chesterfield County crime statistics reports in an effort to determine if liquor sales have an effect on the crime rates in the tri-cities area. Due to the large data volume, the team will provide the following data analysis: i. Provide two sets of independent data that will be composed into Scatter Charts. ii. If the team determines there is a direct correlation between liquor sales and crime rates, the team will proceed in determining the Linear Regression and the Coefficient of determination regarding liquor consumption and criminal behavior. iii. A comprehensive summary report with itemized data and presentation will be presented with an answer to the teams’ hypothesis: Does liquor sales affect the crime rate in the Richmond Tri-cities area? SCOPE OF PROJECT To determine if...
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...Human Trafficking Human Trafficking: The Five “W”s 1 Human Trafficking 2 The Five “W”s of Human Trafficking Executive Summary What is Human Trafficking? Page 5 Where does it happen? Page 6 Who are the victims? Page 9 Why does it happen? Page 12 What are we doing to stop it? Page 13 Conclusion Page 16 Works Cited Page 3 Page 18 Human Trafficking 3 Executive Summary: This paper was written to help educate people on the horrors of this extremely profitable organized crime. Human trafficking is defined as the recruitment, transporting, or harboring of people for the purposes of slavery, forced labor, or sexual exploitation. There are two different types of human trafficking: labor trafficking and sex trafficking. Sex trafficking is the sale of women and children for prostitution and other forms of sexual exploitation. Sex trafficking is a lot more common than labor trafficking; labor trafficking...
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