...more adaptive companies are entering the market with new concepts that are more responsive for the consumer’s changing preferences (Esquivias et. al., 2010). The construction industry is also highly connected with innovations in terms of achieving efficiency and cost effectiveness (NRC, 2013). This report will be based on the innovative concrete products, particularly analyzing Ultra-High Performance Concrete. Furthermore, other existing modern trends and issues of concrete industry are also will be examined in brief. Concrete industry According to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (2012), concrete plays a significant role in the modern world. Being used for construction of the majority hospitals, residential and commercial buildings, schools, bridges, runways, roads it actually shapes the built environment around us (WBCSD, 2012). Moreover, with global annual concrete production of almost 3 tons per every human in the world, it is become the most used man made material in the world. Additionally, comparing to the other building materials such as steel, plastic, wood and aluminium the amount of concrete used globally is twice as much than all of them together (WBCSD, 2012). The modern construction industry trends are closely linked with innovations of new materials, improvement of construction techniques and research is done continuously to improve economy and increase durability (Hooda et al, 2013). The manufacturers of concrete are...
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...My Dream Home Home, the place one spends more time in their life and share special moments with family. Where one expects to live permanently carefree, feel protected under the roof of their house. One day I want to have a home that makes me feel well and where I can be safe and happy. The purpose of this essay is to discuss and fine structural decisions I made about designing my dream house. The house of my dream has to be huge, spacious, which would reflect my personality toward innovations and new modern technological advances. . I would like my house count as much as possible with green materials that serve to protect the environment I want my house to be located in a place away from the disturbance of a big city, but at the same time not far from civilization. My personality and lifestyle would allow me to feel comfortable in such a place like this. I think a perfect place to live for me would in California although I do not know exactly what part of it I know California is the kind of environment in which I would like to live. Being one of the largest states California has many large and famous cities in which my house could be built as San Francisco or Long Beach. The Mediterranean climate is also perfect for me because I am already used to hot temperatures with nice cold winters. The design I want for my house is a stunning example of Art Deco Streamline Moderne house style. Streamline Moderne is a late type of the Art Deco design style which has...
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...Concrete as a building material Name: Institution Concrete is a building material which has been in use since the Roman times. It is a complex mixture of water, coarse granular material usually sand or gravel. Cement fills the spaces among the granular material and acts as a binder that glues them together. The Panama Canal, the Hoover Dam, and the Roman Pantheon are some of renowned structures made of concrete. (PCA) Concrete usage dates back thousands of years ago. Concrete was used for building of many ancient structures. Heinrich Schliemann, a German archaeologist discovered concrete floors in a royal palace of Tiryns, Greece, which dates approximately 1400-1200 BC. The Romans also used concrete on large scale from 300 BC to 476 AD. Roman concrete was made from an aggregate of pumice, pozzolana and quicklime. (Jacobs 4). Modern concrete is different from the Romans concrete in two ways. First, its mixer of a homogeneous fluid, this allows it to be poured into forms instead of hand-layering together with the arrangement of gravel, in Roman practice, this comprised of debris. Second, modern cement is integrated with steel that reinforces it to great strength in tension. Roman concrete depended only on the strength of the concrete bonds to withstand tension. The idea of reinforced concrete was invented by Joseph Monier in 1849. The first reinforced concrete bridge was built that year. (Constructor) Concrete has many benefits. It is economical when ingredients are readily...
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...Africa Changes Over Time Vernacular Architecture in Africa has been vanishing in recent years. In West Africa, as well as the rest of Africa, western materials and construction techniques are rapidly replacing traditional ones. This is true even in the most remote areas Modern methods are seen as “civilized” and a reflection of affluence. Traditional materials and construction techniques have implications of being substandard or “primitive”. As a result, these techniques are not being passed on to future generations. In just a few generations, this part of Africa culture could be only a memory. Documenting these structures and techniques and understanding why these traditional architectural relations work is the goal of this project. A second goal is to demonstrate that traditional materials have the strength, comfort and beauty of modern applications. A change in perception has the potential of supporting a vernacular architecture. Vernacular architecture is the construction and building design of settlements that relate to their contexts and available resources. In his book, Ambe Njoh states ”Vernacular architecture is usually the product of specific climatic cultural, and economic conditions of a particular place.” Many different countries throughout Africa are not fortunate enough to buy building material or they just are not able to get access to any. Many African cultures custom build homes or any other buildings using traditional techniques that fall under vernacular...
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...Many aspects of Roman civilization have made such an immense impact in modern society. These aspects include government and architecture. Roman government had a Senate, two Consuls, and an Assembly of Centuries. In the United States, there is an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. Roman architecture used building techniques like the aqueducts, bridges, roads, and public buildings. Specifically, I will focus on Roman architecture in the 21st century. I want to know how Roman architecture influenced today’s structures, which is why I chose this topic. My essential question is “How does Roman architecture influence today’s structures?” Roman architecture influences today’s structures by its forms, designs, and materials. However, there...
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...Two Theories behind the Construction of the Pyramids of Giza Introduction The Egyptian empire which has been identified to have developed over the last three millennia BCE (Sayre, 2012), is known for several contributions to modern society to include: a formal irrigation system, a form of writing called hieroglyphics, their art and their architecture. The most significant of architectural structures are the Great Pyramids. The basis of the pyramid was the mastaba or mortuary compartment that was customary during the First Dynasty (Ruiz, 2001). Although the Egyptians were architectural geniuses when it came to the Great Pyramids, they did not put the same time and durability into the very homes they lived in. Although pyramids and temples from ancient Egypt still impress us thousands of years after they were built, all that remains of the homes where people were born, grew to adulthood and died are occasional low mounds of mud outlines. Temples and tombs endure because Egyptians made a sharp distinction between their religious architecture, constructed of permanent stone for eternity, and all other buildings, even palaces and fortresses, which were built of less durable adobe (Brier & Hobbs, 2008). Because a significant portion of the pyramids continue to stand today, the mystery behind how the Great Pyramids were actually constructed continues to be a significant topic of discussion for modern society aerologists, architects, engineers, and historians. Since documentation...
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...conscious design technique in the field of architecture or simply described as designing with nature. This design minimizes the environmental impact of the building by enhancing efficiency and controls the use of materials, energy, and development space. There is an attempt to preserve air, water, and earth by choosing economically friendly building materials. Tropical design could contribute to the environment through its sustainable properties which minimizes too much use of electricity by using the natural energy as alternative. This research is conducted because it is a proof that both man and his natural environment can live in perfect harmony. The tropical conditions in the Philippines affect the high temperature, and low air flow which affect on the comfortable indoor environment. With this design approach, it can contribute to a sustainable lifestyle and culture. Tropical architecture can be a solution in preventing global warming because of its eco-friendly materials used in construction and the design itself. This design is important especially for those who are living in the tropics like the Philippines and the nature itself because this study will be a great help in reducing waste, pollution and environment poverty. Tropical architecture considers the use of material that will not waste energy and is considered a good design that can have an influence on energy usage. This study will discuss about the contribution of tropical design to the health of our environment and...
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...Lloyd Wright in February 1918, and later on he was send it to Los Angeles in December 1920 to supervise a construction of Hollyhock House. Schindler was attracted to Los Angeles climate and bountiful landscape. In November 1921, he started his architectural practice in Los Angeles and designs his own studio- residence. From this studio at North Kings Road he worked and design the rest of his career , major building like the Lovell beach house, Wolfe House, Oliver House , Eliot House …etc. at the end of the 1930’ Schindler joined in partnership with Richard Neutra. Schindler was a conjunction of influences, he worked and trained with some of the foremost practiotioners, since the first years of his career when he studied architecture with Wagner, he was directly influenced by Adolph Loos, theories and enthusiasm for America. In this moment Schindler was created the rejection of historical architecture, and getting interest in modern material and methods, simplification of form, and the manipulation of space. With several years of employment in a Chicago firm, Schindler was hired by Wright to work on imperial Hotel, Tokyo. . Wright increased his interest in modern construction and material, especially concrete, and organized building in an ordinate system. Another of the guy who influences Schindler was Irving Gill, a Chicago architect; he was a pioneer in modern materials and methods in...
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...Max Altschuler ENVD 3115 Professor Marcel S. de Lange December 8, 2013 Earthship Design, Materials, and Sustainability Earthship design is a movement initiated by Michael Reynolds. Earthship Biotecture is a method of architecture and design that incorporates recycled materials, earthen materials, and renewable energy sources into a sustainable and self-sufficient home. The purpose of this according to Michael Reynolds it to achieve energy independence, sustainable housing, and relieve the burdens of stress on the environment from conventional building methods while keeping cost minimal. Utilizing waste and earthen materials, Michael was able to construct comfortable living, beautiful architectural design, and self-sufficiency with sustainable technologies. In achieving low cost construction methods, as little as $20 a square foot, a new way of living can be imagined in which utilities, mortgages, and sustenance cost are reduced. This reduction in expenses provide for the availability of greater opportunities due to decreased economic constraints, but furthermore provides a cost effective and sustainable method for supplying homes for those stricken with poverty. The purpose of this writing is to discus some of the materials and methods required and the various components that work together to create a dynamic self-sufficient home. The first concept discussed is the principle of thermal mass to maintain a constant temperature. Houses are built with south facing...
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...relevant persons or officials involved Not applicable 1.5 Details o institution f Not applicable PART II: I NDIGENOUS AND TRADITIONAL 74 KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES 1.6 Name of person and/or institution conducting the research Lim Jee Yuan, Consumers’ Association of Penang 1.7 Details of research person/institution (a) (b) (c) (d) Address: 228 Macalister Road, 10400 Penang, Malaysia Telephone:++ (60) (4) 229 35 11 Fax: ++ (60) (4) 229 8 I06 E-Mail: elawmalaysia@igc.apc.org 2. THE PROBLEM OR SITUATION BEING ADDRESSED BY THE PRACTICEDNNOVATIVE EXPERIENCE The traditional Malay house, which is an autonomous housing process using self-help and mutual-help approaches, can throw some light on the development of a modern autonomous housing model which is based on the needs and aspirations of its users, rather than being imposed by others on the users. The...
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...This approach is intended to cause the developers, from the outset, to consider all elements of the product life cycle from conception through disposal, including quality, cost, schedule, and user requirements’’. Within the last decade, response to change was one of the pressures facing manufacturers due to high competition and this required a presence of concurrent engineering. New materials, development in technology, innovation in products are involved in the used process. Quality and time are two of the most important elements people in the marketplace concentrate on. There is a pressure of completing the project with high quality with limit of time. To response to the demands of customers and in order to survive in the marketplace, it is very important to introduce concurrent engineering. In the context of the construction industry, the above definition, can be modified thus: ‘‘Concurrent engineering attempts to optimize the design of the project and its construction process to achieve reduced lead times, and improved quality and cost by the integration of design, fabrication, construction and erection activities and by maximizing concurrency and collaboration in working practices’’. Some of the aspects that shall be introduced in applying CE: * The need for proper analysis and establishment of customer requirements and specifications. * The need for improving...
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...technology requires costly education, and information technology can provide education. For example, a BMS system will relay information that will help educate people on how to better manage buildings. In the AEC industry, GIS technology has been implemented to also inform and educate people. Borce Dimeski during his presentation enunciated “GIS can be used to produce a variety of maps that can relay information involving demographics, sediment distribution, rural planning options, environmental impacts and distribution networks.” This information is applied to broaden people’s knowledge and understanding. A recent study reported by Li, Chen, Yong, and Kong (2005) integrates Global Position System (GPS) and GIS technologies to reduce construction waste. A system was developed from automatic data capture system, barcode for...
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...tires come completely cost-free and are being recycled for the project. Integrated with the surrounding landscape, Martin Freney and his team are able to balance out the frangible quality of the materials used and the absence of a reliable footing system with additional reinforcements. Figure 2 shows how the tire wall is met with ground coming up from the side. In this way additives that might improve the structure of the tires used are dismissed and what is left of them is continued to be...
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...technologies such as the arch and the dome to make a new architectural style. Roman architecture flourished throughout the Empire during the Pax Romana. Its use of new materials, particularly concrete, was a very important feature. Roman Architecture covers the period from the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BC to about the 4th century AD, after which it becomes reclassified as Late Antique or Byzantine architecture. Most of the many surviving examples are from the later period. Roman architectural style continued to influence building in the former empire for many centuries, and the style used in Western Europe beginning about 1000 is calledRomanesque architecture to reflect this dependence on basic Roman forms. The Ancient Romans were responsible for significant developments in housing and public hygiene, for example their public and private baths and latrines, under-floor heating in the form of the hypocaust, mica glazing (examples in Ostia Antica), and piped hot and cold water (examples in Pompeii and Ostia). he Roman Architectural Revolution, also known as the Concrete Revolution,[4][5][6] was the widespread use in Roman architecture of the previously little-used architectural forms of the arch, vault, and dome. For the first time in history, their potential was fully exploited in the construction of a wide range of civil engineering structures, public buildings, and military facilities. These included amphitheatres, aqueducts, baths, bridges, circuses, dams, domes...
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...CONSTRUCTION In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking. Normally, the job is managed by a project manager, and supervised by a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect. For the successful execution of a project, effective planning is essential. Involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, construction site safety, availability ofbuilding materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays and bidding, etc. Types of construction projects In general, there are four types of construction: 1. Residential Building construction 2. Industrial construction 3. Commercial Building construction 4. Heavy Civil construction Each type of construction project requires a unique team to plan, design, construct and maintain the project. Building construction Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. The vast majority of building construction jobs are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. Often, the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project. However, all building construction projects include some...
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