...In 1964, Muhammad Ali, one of America’s most polarizing and famous athletes for his boxing career, was being drafted to the military. Ali fizzled the U.S. Military qualifying test in light of the fact that his written work and spelling aptitudes were below the national standard. Because of the immediate coming of the Vietnam War, the test norms were brought down in November 1965 thus Ali was named eligible, which implied he was currently qualified for the draft and actuation into the military (Cassius Marsellus CLAY, Jr.). At the point when advised of this status, he announced that he would decline to serve in the U.S. Armed force and openly viewed himself as an outspoken opponent (Bingham). Ali expressed that War is against the teachings...
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...Courage Muhammad Ali, who is one of the most recognizable champions in boxing history, said that people who do not have the courage to take risks do not accomplish anything in life. I would add to that and say that people who do not have the courage to take more than one risk will never become a true success or a champion in life. Muhammad Ali had the courage to rise up despite criticism. He also had the courage to train hard, keep going despite his failures in his life, speak up for what he believed in, and stand up for what he believed in. The fact is that courage was a centerpiece in his life. But, you will find that courage plays a big part in every champion's life. Everyone who comes out a winner had to have the courage to start going after something they wanted in the beginning. It's uncomfortable for everyone to start, and there is always a fear that you won't be good enough, but eventual winners gather up...
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...Branches of Islam By Kendra Craig March 5, 2010 Strayer University Abstract The paper is focused on Sunni and Sh’ia, which are two branches of Islam. The paper will compare the different religious belief that is practiced throughout Islam. It will also show the laws and the cultures of each religious branch. The paper will show the major dispute that caused separation of these religions in Islam. Sunni and Sh’ia Sunni and Sh’ia are two of the most dominate cultures in Islam. In my research, I learned that these two branches were among the worst enemies of the Islamic culture. In this paper I will show the differences in the belief of each religious group. I will also show the division within the Islamic community between these groups. Sunni Muslims are individuals that were firm believers in the prophet Muhammad. The words that were spoken through Muhammad influenced and provided them with strong religious belief. Sunni means “customary practices” (Macmillan Reference USA 2001-2006) which referred to the teaching and preaching of Muhammad. The Sh’ia Muslims are individuals that believe that the political leader position should have gone to Ali (Penay). Sh’ia means “group” or faction”. After the death of Muhammad is when things began to turn for the worst between these communities. The main belief of the Sunni Muslims was those that came after Muhammad were true believers of Muhammad teachings. This allowed them to become comfortable with his successors and have trust...
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...Muhammad Ali ( Cassius Marcellus Clay) Muhammad Ali whose real name was Cassius Marcellus Clay, was born on January 17, 1942 in Louisville, Kentucky to Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. who painted billboards and signs, and his mother, Odessa Grady Clay, who was a household domestic. Although Clay Sr. was a Methodist, he allowed Odessa to bring up both Clay boys as Baptists. He started boxing in junior high, when he learned boxing from a policeman at a local gym. By the time that Ali had reached high school, he already intended to be a prizefighter and hoped to box in the Olympics. Ali dropped out of Louisville Central High, a local basketball power, finishing 369th of 391 seniors in the class of 1960, and often traveling to fight on weekends. As an amateur boxer, Ali attracted notice in 1960 by winning the Amateur Athletic Union light heavyweight and Golden Gloves heavyweight championships. At the Rome Olympics in 1960, Ali crushed his opponents to win a gold medal in the light heavyweight division. After turning pro, Ali defeated his first opponents. Then on February 25th 1964, he fought, and knocked out, Sonny Liston in seven rounds, thus becoming the new heavyweight world champion. Ali defended his title nine times from 1965 to 1967 and became universally recognized as world heavyweight champion after knocking out World Boxing Association (WBA) champion Ernie Terrell in fifteen rounds on February 6th 1967. Ali often showed of his greatness by saying, "I am the greatest!"...
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...WORLDVIEW/RELIGION ANALYSIS PAPER Nathan Brookstone, Jr. APOL 500 26 October 2012 Introduction There are many ‘Worldviews’ regarding religion. The topic of this paper will discuss the Worldview known as Islam. Islam claims to be the only true religion, bringing the purest message of Allah and could have succeeded. This paper will contain a summary of Islam, a critique, a plan as to how Christians can share the gospel and a conclusion. Summary of the Worldview of Islam Islam, to surrender, is a worldview religion founded by Abu al-Qasim Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn “Abd al Muttalib ibn Hashim; or more commonly known, Muhammad. Isalam is a religion based on one man’s vision, one man’s experience. Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, is believed to be the last prophet of Allah (God). To understand Islam is to get to now its founder, Muhammad; as well as his life changing visions. Muhammad was forty years old when he experienced his first vision. It is said that Muhammad had a vision that he was visited by the angel Gabriel. In this vision Gabriel said that all the religions of the world were not only wrong and corrupted. In this vision Gabriel also said that the message of God was corrupted by man and he would be Gods messenger. Muhammad was going to receive the message from God. Muhammad was not only going to receive the message from God, but he was also going to record this message and bring it to man; to bring...
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...Research Methodology: We have conducted a Qualitative Research which is Descriptive in nature. It is a descriptive study because interview followed by secondary data research for the background information that we have used as factual data in order to find the reason of why Mabrook failed. Further we conducted survey research via questionnaires along with the experimentation in order to find the solution to our research problem that why Mabrook has failed as a fresh dairy product and also found the solution to transform this failure into a success. Our research methodology is constructed on the two research studies. The first is extracted from the paper Impact of Packaging Elements of Packaged Milk on Consumer Buying Behaviour by Muhammad Amir Adam and Kamran Ali while the second one is taken from Reason and Trends for Using Packaged Milk in Pakistan: Study of Urban Pakistani Consumers by Syed Ahmed Muhammad Rizvi. Data Collection Methods: As mentioned above, we designed a descriptive study. And the data collection methods that we have used are: Interview In order to explore the reason of failure of Mabrook in Karachi where a certain population demands fresh dairy we have conducted one to one interview with the consumers of fresh diary. Our intention behind this interview was to find out the elements that the customers are looking for when choosing fresh dairy over packaged diary because consumers provide a better response when they are questioned, in open ended...
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...Mr. Usman Ali Warraich Chairperson, BA, IU Mr. Javed Iqbal Coordinator, BA, IU Ms. Sughandh Kumari, Faculty, KASBIT ADVOSORY BOARD Dr. Dora Marinova Curtin University of Technology, Australia Dr. Xiao Yin Jin Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Prof. Danilo Ardia University of Paduva, Italy Dr. Ghirmai Kefela (USA) Dr. Junaid Ahmed Zubairi State University of New York at Fredonia, USA Dr. Muhammad Khalique Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia Dr. Abu Hassan bin Md. Isa Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia Dr. Ahmad Shuib Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia Dr. J.A Nassir bin Shaari Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia Dr. Khairil Annuar Mohd Kamal Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia Dr. Hammad Akbar University of East Anglia Norwich NR47TJ, UK Dr. George Tovstiga University of Reading, Greenlands, Henley, UK Dr. Nita H. Shah University of Gujarat, India Dr. Siddhartha Sarkar Dinhata College West, Bengal, India Dr. Falendra K. Sudan University of Jammu and Kashmir Dr. Jotirmayee Kar ICFAI Business School, India Dr. Mansoor-uz-Zafar Dawood Ector, BIZTECK Dr. Stephen Miti Kapunda University of Botswana Dr. Ravinder Rena Eritrea Institute of Technology, North East Africa Dr. P. Malyadri Government Degree College Dr. Shafiq ur Rehman University of Karachi-Pakistan Dr. Muhammad Rashid Kamal Ansari FUUAST, Karachi-Pakistan Dr. Rana Khalid Naeem University of Karachi-Pakistan Dr. Muhammad Ayub Khan Yusufzai ...
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...character, Sunni Islam throughout my research and a visit to the Islamic Center of Inland Empire. This research paper will cover the history and art of Islam and the history of Al-Masjid al-Ha ram or “The Holy Mosque”. Also the Religious meetings and personal views of an Islamic leader in the essay. Beliefs of Islam Islam, like Judaism and Christianity, is a monotheistic religion based in ones beliefs in God. There are two main in the religion in Islam, which is known as Sunni and Shi’a. The two major separation of Islam were caused by the question of leadership after Muhammad’s sentence. Vast majority of Muslim, like about 90 percent are Sunni and the others would be Shi’s. “Sunni” comes from the Arabic word which is Sunnah meaning “customary practice.” But in Sunni Islam, the imam is the man who leads the Friday prayers in a mosque with scriptures from the Qur’an, the text of which is considered to be the direct word from God (Allah). Caliphate and Its Modern Era The Caliphate was the first government system established in Islam, it is represented as the political unity of the Muslim Ummah nation. As a religious historian, S. A. Nigosian believes that “the critical issue [between the Sunni and the Shi’a] was the designation of a political successor only, since a religious successor to Muhammad, the “seal” of the prophets, was unthinkable” (Nigosian 40). Sunni and Muslims believed in the First Four Caliphs that followed the death of Muhammad. According to Sunni and the Muslims...
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...Understanding the Cultural Differences of Islam Muslims differ significantly in their evaluations of the importance of religion based on the region they are located. There are variations of views on such topics of education, prayer, worshiping and morality found in different regions. In this paper I will argue that many differences that exist between various Islamic communities can be explained by understanding the role of regionally specific political problems and cultural practices outside of the Islamic tradition. Though people around the world practice an allegedly unified Islam, their understandings of the tradition reflect the specific local contexts and circumstances of individuals, communities, and nations. The challenge of western colonialism caused Muslims to be against European imperialism as it threatened their political, religious and cultural identity. Their responses to colonialism varied from rejection and confrontation to admiration and imitation (PP Islam and the West 24). Showing how reactions to westernization can be specific to region. The country Turkey operates one example of a nonviolent revolution. In Turkey, Islam was showing a more dominant position is the social-economic and political life of society. With the acceptance of westernization, Turkey had been able to experience the power of religion in Muslim politics cordially. A little to the East, the Iranian revolution in Iran reinforced the belief that Muslims wanted to emulate the ideas of the...
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...project World religion report Jan ’Ell Ivery December 7, 2011 Islamic religions The religion I have chosen for this paper is Islamic. I chose to research Islamic because I do not understand the faith of Islamic, I do not know what they are all bout. By me doing a research paper about Islamic it give me the understanding and knowledge about another religion. Islamic are known to be as the fastest growing religion in the world today, they remain misunderstood and the disagreement of many. Maybe it has something to do with the influential media that portrays typical Islamic followers like militant terrorists ready to die for their faith, or Muslims, as Arabs. There are many Arabs that are Muslims, but not all Muslims are Arabs. The issues are the prevailing message Islam and war going hand in hand and the big conflict with Christianity and Islamic. This paper will give you an overview of the religion Islamic and the beliefs, traditions, the similar and contrasts with Christianity, the practiced and I will give you information from an interview with a Muslim. The Muslims believe that Qur’an is the word of God. Qur’an is the places were teaching form the prophet Muhammad. Muslims honor God by obeying and following the five pillars of Islam which are Belief and witness: Shahadah is the first pillar of Islam they believe that there is only one god and Muhammad is the messenger of god. The following is an excerpt from the Qur’an – the Islam central text: “Let there be no compulsion...
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...Improvement in Supply Chain Management for Oil and Gas Sector Using Drag Reduction Theory 2 2 2 Arshad Ali Anjum1*, Arshad Chughtai , Amir Shafeeq , Ayyaz Muhammad Abstract Supply Chain Management is an integrative philosophy about managing the flow of distribution channels from supplier to the consumer. PARCO, an oil and gas company in Pakistan has three existing pipelines. Out of three, two pipelines are running parallel from Karachi to Mehmood Kot. One pipeline is of crude oil and meeting the demand of PARCO refinery while second pipeline is of High Speed Diesel (HSD) and third pipeline is of (HSD & Kerosene) running from Mehmood Kot to Machhike(Sheikhupura).PARCO supply petroleum products from Shikarpur, Mehmood Kot, Faisalabad & Machhike to oil marketing companies (OMCs) as per their share, standard and demand. The purpose of these pipelines is to meet the country demand for petroleum products at various locations all over Pakistan. In the peak season when OMCs have high demand and receipt of product from PARCO pipelines are less, there is a need to enhance the flow rate of oil inside the PARCO pipelines to fulfill the demand of OMCs. This could be done economically by the application of drag reduction theory. So by injecting drag reducer, dragging of the oil inside the pipeline could appreciably be reduced thereby improving the pumping of oil. Introduction Supply Chain is the network of Organizations that are involved, through upstream and...
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...Response I am writing this paper about the five pillars of Islam. This paper on the five pillars of Islam is a response to two very specific questions. The first question being what are the central beliefs of Islam, and how are they reflected in the "Five Pillars" (Fisher, 2014). Then I will answer the second question which of the Five Pillars do you feel would be easiest to fulfill, and which would be the most challenging (Fisher, 2014). By the end of this paper I will have learned a lot about the beliefs of Muslim people and have answers to these questions. The central beliefs of Islam are the Shahadah, salaat, zakat, fasting, and hajj. The Shahadah or belief and witness is the first pillar of Islam which is believing and professing the unity of God and the messenger ship of Muhammad: “There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God,” to which Shi’ites add “and ’Ali is the Master of the believers.” The Qur’an requires the faithful to tell others of Islam, so that they will have the information they need to make an intelligent choice. (Fisher, 2014, Chapter 10, Islam). Salaat or daily prayers is the second pillar of Islam is when “Five times a day, the faithful are to perform ablutions with water (or sand or dirt if there is no water), face Mecca, and recite a series of prayers and passages from the Qur’an, bowing and kneeling.” (Fisher, 2014). The salaat consists of five obligatory daily prayer times that are usually done early morning after dawn and before...
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...Professor Ferns July, 7th 2016 Concept Essay Drafting Assignment 3 I have chosen a topic instead of doing conducting field research I will do Hip hop, where it was originated and where it was from? And how it has evolved over the years? How it is nowadays? The term hip hop is a big thing nowadays and it was found in New York, among black and latino ghetto. The main components of Hip Hop are Rap, Break Dancing, Graffiti, In south Bronx 1967 came Clive Campbell. He is a well known hip hop founder and his name was a big thing in those years. The hip hop originated in 60th and 20th century and it still exists today. https://prezi.com/m/uwz8x4klgu2w/where-did-hip-hop-originate-and-who-were-its-founders/ The hip-hop culture began in the streets of New York City over twenty-five years ago and it has gone through very big changes through the years of the past. Hip-Hop consists of four element, rap, graffiti, break-dancing, and the disc jockey. In this paper, I intend to fully explain the evolution of rap music, from its fame to the giant industry it is today. I will complete a big paper of how hip hop has evolved and is eve loving in the modern day. http://employees.oneonta.edu/bealt/alexander.htm "Hip hop and rap have many important influences—R&B, funk, soul, jazz, rock and roll performers; poets, and writers like Iceberg Slim; and stylistic forebears like Muhammad Ali and Richard Pryor. Few of these can match the importance of the spoken-word artist, improvisational street-poet, and...
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...Cultural Research: The Basseri of Iran Jennifer Elsberry ANT 101 Michelle Neumyer July 22, 2013 Cultural Research: The Basseri of Iran The Basseri tribe is located in Fars, just south of Iran. They are a traditional pastoral nomadic tribe, and speak the dialect of Farsi. The Basseri live in the hot and barren climate of the Persian Gulf. In this paper I will identify a few aspects of Pastorilism in the Basseri tribe. We will also discuss their religious beliefs and belief in supernaturalism, social organization, kinship, and political organization. Pastoralism is the herding of sheep, cattle, reindeer, goats, camels, and alpaca. According to the definition, pastoralists are people/tribes that move regularly in search of naturally occurring water and grass. (Nowak, B., & Laird, P.2010). "Nomadic pastoralists rely on their animals to fulfill most of their needs, using milk, blood, and meat for food and skins for clothing and tents." (Nowak, B., & Laird, P.2010 sec. 5.2 parr. 1). The nomads practice little to no agriculture due to them moving their herds from place to place. In consequence, the nomads must rely on village farmers for cereals and other necessities. The tribe move their herds on a seasonal schedule, "The Basseri move to high mountain pastures in the Zagros Mountains during the summer and return to the lowlands of southern Persia during the winter." (Crabtree, Pam J. 2006) Pastoral nomads are constantly moving pastures to feed their herds which...
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...Abstract In this era of information, Internet and censorship are considered to be opposite to each other. Where internet is the source of worldwide knowledge and censorship is the policy to censor some of the information which can cause any type of disruption. In Pakistan, the use of this new technology is under practice with the control of censorship on some content. This research paper looks at the measurements taken by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority to control the censored information and block the sites which holds the improper and immoral information. The paper tends to find the historical background of the internet censorship in Pakistan holding the precautionary measures taken by PTA and how the religious values are protected by blocking various anti-Islamic sites. The guidelines are being followed by the Government of Pakistan in order to supervise the censored material on the internet. Introduction Censorship is the act or policy of omitting the obscene, corrupt and politically dangerous content form the books, movies/ films etc. (Wikipedia) Internet censorship is to restrict every type of content that includes immoral and offensive approach. (Wikipedia) Till 2010 in Pakistan, people had the open and unrestricted access to every kind of religious, political, social and sexual escalating content on the internet. The websites offering the critical content against Pakistani government and military are also banned. Pakistan government has not really...
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