...Top Ten Assignment The Enlightenment and Romanic Ages produced numerous masterpieces in art, music, architecture, and literature which people still enjoy today. These opus magnums along with the philosophies during the two periods are reflections of the developments in world events and cultural patterns. This paper will present two pieces of art, music, architecture, literature, and philosophy from the Enlightenment and Romanic Ages that best represents the developments patterns from that time. Philosophy in the Enlightenment Age focused on an individual’s right to life and liberty. One example of a philosopher from this age is Thomas Jefferson. He famously wrote the Declaration of Independence (1776) that the Continental Congress signed declaring the United States free from the oppression of England. The document begins with, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” (us history, 2013). Another such example of philosophy during the Enlightenment Age are the works of Thomas Paine. He wrote two of the most highly influential pamphlets at the start of the American Revolution. One such pamphlet is Common Sense (1776) (us history, 2011) the all-time bestselling book that advocates America’s independence from Great Britain. Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Paine were chosen as examples because we believe the Declaration...
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...GRADE 9 Learning Module MUSIC (Qtr 1 to 4) Compilation by Ben: r_borres@yahoo.com MUSIC LEARNER’S MATERIAL GRADE 9 Unit 1 To the illustrator: Using the blank map of Europe, place pictures of ALL the composers featured in EACH UNIT around the map and put arrows pointing to the country where they come from. Maybe you can use better looking arrows and format the composer’s pictures in an oval shape. The writers would like to show where the composers come from. I am attaching a file of the blank map and please edit it with the corresponding name and fill it the needed area with different colors. Please follow the example below. (Check the pictures of the composers and their hometowns in all the units.) Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Music Page 1 MUSIC LEARNER’S MATERIAL GRADE 9 Unit 1 Time allotment: 8 hours LEARNING AREA STANDARD The learner demonstrates an understanding of basic concepts and processes in music and art through appreciation, analysis and performance for his/her self-development, celebration of his/her Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and expansion of his/her world vision. key - stage STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of music and art of the Philippines and the world, through appreciation, analysis, and performance, for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision...
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...The Middle Ages After the collapse of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, Western Europe entered a time known as "The Dark Ages" — a period when invading hordes of Vandals, Huns, and Visigoths overran Europe. These years were marked by constant warfare, the absence of a Holy Roman Emperor, and the virtual disappearance of urban life. Over the next next nine centuries, the newly emerging Christian Church came to dominate Europe, administering justice, instigating "Holy" Crusades against the East, establishing Universities, and generally dictating the destiny of music, art, and literature. It was during this time that Pope Gregory I is generally believed to have collected and codified the music known as Gregorian Chant, which was the approved music of the Church. Much later, the University at Notre Dame in Paris saw the creation of a new kind of music called organum. Secular music was performed throughout Europe by the troubadours and trouvères of France. And it was during these "Middle Ages" that Western culture saw the appearance of the first great name in music, Guillaume de Machaut. The Last Supper by Tintoretto The Renaissance Generally considered to be from ca.1420 to 1600, the Renaissance (which literally means "rebirth") was a time of great cultural awakening and a flowering of the arts, letters, and sciences throughout Europe. With the rise of humanism, sacred music began for the first time to break free of the confines of the Church, and a school of...
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...THE HISTORY OF MUSIC The Middle Ages 450-1450 Characteristics of Music Music comes from the Ancient Greek muses, who were the nine goddesses of art and science. Music actually began around 500 B.C. when Pythagoras experimented with acoustics and how math related to tones formed from plucking strings. The main form of music during the Middle Ages was the Gregorian chant, named for Pope Gregory I. This music was used in the Catholic Churches to enhance the services. It consisted of a sacred Latin text sung by monks without instrumentation. The chant is sung in a monophonic texture, which means there is only one line of music. It has a free-flowing rhythm with little or no set beat. The chants were originally all passed through oral tradition, but the chants became so numerous that the monks began to notate them. Music in Society Towards the end of the Middle Ages, about the 12th and 13th centuries, music began to move outside of the church. French nobles called troubadours and trouveres were among the first to have written secular songs. Music of this time was contained among the nobility, with court minstrels performing for them. There were also wandering minstrels who would perform music and acrobatics in castles, taverns, and town squares. These people were among the lowest social class, along with prostitutes and slaves, but they were important because they passed along information, since there were no newspapers. Links to Composers...
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...Music Appreciation “Our lives are constantly changing, with new avenues of the supertechnology highway opening every day. This technological resolution has a strong impact on our work and our leisure activities. It also conditions how, when, and where we listen to music” Yes, as our book immediately states, our lives have changed. We can now listen to music in almost any location on earth. The music we’ve created has evolved into a great number of genres, all with wonderful different sounds. But without the old, there would have been nothing for the new to build upon. Much, if not all music from the middle ages and before is religious. This is due to sponsorship from the churches at the time, which usually consisted of monophonic Gregorian chants. Towards the end of Romanesque era, however, began the rise of polyphony. This evolved into the motet, while secular music was coming about in France and Spain. Afterwards, we move on to the Renaissance, an era of exploration, science, and artistic awakening. Melodies made specifically for the voice began springing up, and expressive word painting became a common theme. Around this period, amateur secular music started to appear. Later, we would be in what is now known as the Baroque era. It was a turbulent time, of change in politics, science, and arts. This marks the introduction of Monody, as well as the genre of the Opera. In a way, an opera’s Librettist, who makes the main story of the work is like the author of a show, or movie...
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...The Advent of Romanticism The Romantic era (1770-1870) was the term used to define the rebellion against the political and social devastation that followed the French Revolution. The Romantic era was the time when artists revolted against the classical values of balance, control, order, and proportionality promoted by neoclassical artists (Sayre 878). This revolt against the formalism of the Classical age produced a flood of emotional lyric, music, art, and poetry that peaked in works such as Ludwig van Beethoven’s (1770-1827) The Ninth Symphony (1824). The romantic characteristic of emotions, individualism, and imagination can be found in The Ninth. Francisco de Goya’s (1746-1828) Saturn Devouring One of his Children (1820-1823) posses the horrifically natural or true to life, as well as the emotional characteristics he so genially portrayed. On the softer side of the romantic scale, Percy Bysshe Shelley’s (1792-1822) Indian Girl’s Song (1819) beautifully portrayed the natural and emotional characteristics of Romanticism. There are also references to the supernatural, as well as the exotic, in this work, which most certainly leaves his readers yearning for more. Artists approached the world with an outpouring of feeling and emotional passion that came to be called Romanticism. The key characteristics of Romanticism are emotion, the exotic, nature, imagination, individualism, and the supernatural. Romanticism was an overt reaction against the Enlightenment, which was...
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...Essay topic: Choose at least two works of the composer Frederic Chopin to discuss the significance of piano works in the Romantic period. Discuss at least two works in detail. In the early 19th century, also commonly known as the Romantic era, was a period of evolution in music, with many significant composers born of the era worth mentioning. I would like to discuss one of the most significant composers of that era, Fryderyk Chopin. Fryderyk Chopin was like any other artist, philosopher, thinker and musicians during his time: He composed his music from his heart, which made him sound unique and different from the others. He was born in the Romantic era and was strongly influenced by the romantic music of the time. Chopin’s music is intense with feeling, relying heavily on Rubato, the sense of free time which makes it very different from the previous era. His music was also written based on the advanced harmonic knowledge, giving beautiful colour and resonances to the music. Chopin had excellent piano-playing technique, which led to most of his compositions being written for piano. He was adventureous enough to exploit new improvements in the piano mechanismsuch as the increase of a piano’s range to a full seven octaves. The significance of piano works in the Romantic era can be easily found in all of ChopingnificanceTwo of his great works of this calibre, which I will use for the following discussions, are “ are r the foEb Major, Op.9, No.2” and “Prelude in E minor,...
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...Moldenhauer Archives at the Library of Congress | Table of Contents Music History from Primary Sources An Introductory Essay Alfred Mann A vellum leaf, 22 by 17 cm., from a prayer book. The letter forms of early Gothic script suggest the twelfth century, or a period even earlier. Neumes (marked in red) are placed above the first four lines of the Latin text. The entire page is richly illuminated in black, red, and blue, with a heavy gold layer decorating the initial A for the phrase beginning "Adoro te." The leaf was obtained for the Moldenhauer Archives from the music dealer and publishing firm Schneider, Tutzing. The Art of Musical Notation In its primary sources, music merges with the representational arts. Oral tradition has played a fundamental role in all ages, but in its formal sense, history--and the history of music--begins with the visual record. Musical notation, having emerged on a wide scale in all civilizations, produced in itself a highly individual record of artistic endeavor. The medieval monks who compiled the missals and other liturgical books for the service of worship rose from their function as scribes to artists in their own right; among the greatest documents of Baroque art are the holographs by Bach; and an entirely novel phase in artistic musical score design was initiated in the twentieth century. The primary sources of music reproduced in this volume rely on various aspects of the graphic arts, but foremost among them stands the representation...
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...examples for music, art, architecture, philosophy, and literature for the Enlightenment and Romantic periods. Each item will show the impact it had on the society today. ART Enlightenment Period Jean-Pierre Houel’s picture The Taking of the Bastille showed a great historic event. The painting showed the Bastille, which was symbolic of France’s royal authority figure, destroyed in the French Revolution. It conveyed the emotion and importance of that particular event. The painting, Joseph Bonnier de la Mosson, created by Jean-Marc Nattier was important piece of art. The painting was indicative of the Enlightenment school of thought because it showed a scholarly, well-dressed man reading a book. Romantic Age Joseph M Turner’s The Chancel and Crossing of Tintern abbey, looking toward the East Window was inspired to paint the Tintern Abbey after visiting the site. The abbey was popular to many Romantics. It inspired the famous poem Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tinten Abbey. The painting itself show the smallness of man, wilderness of nature, and unstoppable power that reclaimed The Tinten Abbey’s edifice. Wanderer above the Sea of Fog, by Caspar David Friedrich was a quintessential Romantic painting. It displayed infinite potential and possibility of man and the mysterious grandeur of nature. The painting also depicted the romantic idea of...
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...however the reality is that he was one of the most important due to his developing ideas of how orchestration could be expanded, how symphonic form could be developed and how music would be written in a programmatic style. Above all this, Berlioz was one of the pioneers of the Romantic period, inspiring through his innovation of ideas such as the ‘idée fix’ and as some saw it, his disregard for the ‘Viennese Architectural Legacy’ and ‘rules of composition’. The ‘idée fix’ was Berlioz’s most famous creation as it enabled him to take a more narrative approach to his composing. This was important as it contrasted from the strongly structured music that had come before him. The idée fixe is used to unify the disparate elements of the symphony in ‘Symphonie Fantastique’. Another talent Berlioz was gifted with was the art of orchestration. Although, it was not an advance that was received well at the time, it had an overarching effect of great significance. Berlioz demonstrated his talent in his first symphony, ‘Symphonie Fantastique’. This work was the first of four symphonies that Berlioz composed. ‘Symphonie Fantastique’ was composed in a programmatic format. Berlioz may well have been the first great composer to not be able to play a musical instrument, nor to have shown any musical talent at an early age. But he persevered, and became interested in different ways to use the orchestra and the different combinations of instrumental sounds. In 1844, he wrote a book on orchestration which...
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... Romanticism was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, it was also a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography, education and the natural sciences. Its effect on politics was considerable and complex; while for much of the peak Romantic period it was associated with liberalism and radicalism, in the long term its effect on the growth of nationalism was probably more significant. Romanticism era is the revolution of writers, painters, and dancers. The well-know writer in romanticism era is Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. His first novel, The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774), about a young, sensitive artist, was popular throughout Europe. Goethe also used myth and local folklore as subjects for his poetry, inspiring a sense of German nationalism in the decades before a unified Germany. The American and French Revolutions in the late 18th century added to the popularity of such Romantic ideals as freedom, liberty and national pride. Ballet began to lose steam after the death of Louis the XIV, despite a slight boom in participation and popularity in Eastern Europe. However...
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...Then they are described by ethos, pathos, and logos which are used frequently to catch people’s attentions. Even if the ads do not have set strategies and clear opinions, the really good ads could use one of three persuasions or even all. This advertisement is the good example of pathos in the advertisement. In the apple ad, they show a woman walking then starts to play music trough the apple earpods, the add is trying to sell you both the new apple iPhone x and the apple earpods. She starts off by walking with hear headphone in and then he starts to play music and it goes into a wonderland type scene, the audience is intended for people that are in there mid 20’s, because of the romantical...
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...spread of it and how it impacted the different cultures within the medieval age. From the rise of the Christian Churches to the time of courtly love, troubadours and the romantic love era vernacular languages impacted the people of France throughout Western Europe and the rest of the world. Though the people of the general population where not able to interpret and understand the Latin language known as the language of the elite (the educated or the people of higher and political authority) until mid to late middle ages, they began to write and speak through the common languages within their countries to make it easier to communicate and understand laws, romantic love and to also spread the words of god within the Christian churches. The Catholic Church was established in 325 CE (Sayre,2013), approximately 300 years after the death of Jesus Christ. By 476 BE, the Germans had taken over the Roman Empire under the rule of Constantine as he started to build his empire known as the Byzantine Empire . Constantine, the first Christian ruler, a believer of Jesus Christ, moved the Roman Empire to Instanbul, formerly known as modern day, Turkey. Upon establishing his empire and the Christian church Constantine named that city after himself, Constantinople. After the Christian Church was established came the Medieval Ages which took place in Britain. The Medieval Age was also known as the dark or the middle ages. Not many things changed or were created during this time, as the people...
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...RIWT Task 1 Art has revolved around all different eras and periods of time. Art has been around since the beginning of time and has branched off into many sectors. Works of art vary from genres and time periods to specific types. I chose to compare the Romanticism Period and the Neoclassicism Period. The term Neoclassicism refers to the classical revival in European art, architecture, and interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. This period gave rebirth to the art of ancient Rome and Greece and the Renaissance as an opposition to the ostentatious Baroque and Rococo art that preceded the movement. Neoclassicism emphasized courage, sacrifice, nationalism and tradition. Neoclassical artists incorporated classical styles and subjects, including columns, pediments, friezes, and other ornamental schemes into their work. They were inspired by the works of Homer and Plutarch and John Flaxmann’s illustrations for the Illiad and Odyssey. Also, the discovery of ancient artifacts at the ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii also contributed as a big inspiration to neoclassicism. Neoclassical painters took extra care to depict the costumes, settings, and details of classical subject matter with as much accuracy as possible. Much of the subject matter originated from classical history and mythology. The movement emphasized line quality over...
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...The Glazounov Saxophone Concerto Alexander Konstantinovich Glazounov was a Russian composer, music teacher and conductor. He was born in St. Petersburg in 1865 to his book-publisher father and pianist mother, from the start it would seem that his life was already in motion to being a musical one. Glazounov met Rimsky-Korsakov (famous for orchestral works such as Scheherazade), at a young age and was inspired to begin study at the piano at the age of nine and began composing works at the young age of 11. By the age of 16 Glazounov had composed the first of nine symphonies all under the direction of Mily Balakirev, who at the time was a famous Russian Empire pianist (naxos) it was premiered on March 29th, 1882. Throughout his life he ran into several famous composers that further influenced his compositions, from Franz Liszt to Wagner (Oxford) Alexander was able to even show his gratitude by showing their influence in his works. Glazounov was an internationally known composer whose reverberations were felt throughout the world and more specifically Russian Romantic period. Alexander Glazounov received honorary Doctor of Music degrees from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge Later in life, Glazounov found himself in Paris. During his stay he was inspired by the sounds of the French Guard, or Garde Républicaine, which was filled with saxophones at the time, the rich sounds of the ensemble sparked his creativity and the end result was his Saxophone Concerto. Glazounov’s Concerto...
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