...Eriksons’ Developmental Theory as Applied to Me Psychological development is crucial in the early stages of life. Children are shaped by the things they witness throughout their early years. Experiences life and developing relationships is “Erikson’s initial psychosocial stage of development” (Ginsburg). This stage occurs from when an infant is born until about one and a half years of age. Erikson developed eight stages of psychosocial development. Starting from the stage of trust vs. mistrust the next stage that occurs in an infant’s life is autonomy vs. shame; this creates a sense of will and is experienced from the early age of one and a half to age three. After experiencing this stage at age three the infant begins to develop in the stage of initiative vs. guilt developing a sense of purpos euntil the age of five. From the ages of five to twelve, young children experience the stage of industry vs. inferiority, developing competency in their skills. Upon developing into an adolescent at age twelve and up until age eighteen, young adults experience ego identity vs. role confusion, attempting to find where they belong. Leading into the next stage of intimacy vs. isolation, during which young adults experience love from the ages eighteen to forty. Once this sense of love is developed, the sense of care is experienced during the stage of generativity vs. stagnation from the ages of forty to sixty-five. To conclude Erikson’s theory, the final stage one experiences in life is ego...
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...Eight Stages of Life Erica Hutchinson PSY/230 March 22, 2012 Milssa Yeagley Checkpoint 8 Eight Stages of Life A relation connecting human’s social environments has had an unlimited effect on today’s society with its growing and its maturity through all of our entire life. Each person’s psychological development is supported and prone by psychosocial experiences. When it comes to psychosocial, it can be cleared as if involving both the psychological and the social features of every day of someone’s life. Numerous factors could contribute to someone’s whole psychological health such as the acknowledgement and encouragement every day’s life normality that has let society make it regular. The normality that society has thought up could possibly come between with someone’s thought of “ideal self,” which could hinder the development of social connecting. The hindrance of being social connected could be outstandingly unfavorable to someone's growth, especially when it comes to the early years of someone’s life. Erikson was known as the Freudian for the ego-psychologist and that means he accepts the principles of Freud. Erikson also agreed with the thought of the epigenetic principle. Epigenetic principle is known as the development through a predetermined unfolding of personalities through the eight stages of life. The eight stages of life are known to by someone’s success throughout life or the lack of success that they are experiencing, throughout the eight stages of life...
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...cycle model - the eight stages of human development Erikson's model of psychosocial development is a very significant, highly regarded and meaningful concept. Life is a series of lessons and challenges which help us to grow. Erikson's wonderful theory helps to tell us why. The theory is helpful for child development, and adults too. For the 'lite' version, here's a quick diagram and summary. Extra details follow the initial overview. For more information than appears on this page, read Erikson's books; he was an award-winning writer and this review does not convey the richness of Erikson's own explanations. It's also interesting to see how his ideas develop over time, perhaps aided by his own journey through the 'psychosocial crisis' stages model that underpinned his work. Erik Erikson first published his eight stage theory of human development in his 1950 book Childhood and Society. The chapter featuring the model was titled 'The Eight Ages of Man'. He expanded and refined his theory in later books and revisions, notably: Identity and the Life Cycle (1959); Insight and Responsibility (1964); The Life Cycle Completed: A Review (1982, revised 1996 by Joan Erikson); and Vital Involvement in Old Age (1989). Erikson's biography lists more books. Various terms are used to describe Erikson's model, for example Erikson's biopsychosocial or bio-psycho-social theory (bio refers to biological, which in this context means life); Erikson's human development cycle or life cycle, and...
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...Human Development Stage Analysis Chloe PSY/201 November 23, 2014 Dr. Janis White Human Development Stage Analysis Today I have two patients’s that I will analyze for human behavior and understanding of the developmental process that relates psychologically. This is my journal that discusses my analysis to further summarize my findings and present to Dr. White for a further assessment. What I will be looking for within these two patients is theories that link to the psychological behavior within humans along with comparing the developmental stages that involve such change and comparison with certain phases depending upon age. Hoping for a clear understanding occurs within the psychologically process for human behavioral tendencies. Study One: Ben Today I met with little Ben and his mother. Ben is a two year old little boy starting the toilet training stage. He is at the beginning stages of cognitive development and according to Piaget’s theory; Ben is showing characteristics of this development that is defined in stages such as; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational (Ch. 8, pg. 351). Spending enough time with Ben and his mother, I would say that Ben is between using his sensory capabilities along with his motor skills to realize that the toilet is present and even to be curious enough to lift the toilet lid and inquire of what it for is. In addition to Ben also shows interest is imaginative thinking that the toilet is a pond where...
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...being passes through the different stages of lifespan. Lots of changes take place throughout the development period. Human life begins with the birth; it goes through infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Development occurs in different perspectives of life. Some common developments are physical, psychological, cognitive and social-cultural. There are several theories by different theorist which define the human development and its stages, when human being comes up with different characteristics. To discuss on the essay whether or not ‘early life experiences and social development impact on adults and to explain ‘to what extent culture impacts on development OR a particular aspect of development’ three different theories by Erik Erikson (1902-1994), Robert Havighurst (1900-1991) and Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) are going to be highlighted. Question 1 As concerned to the first question, early life experiences and social development certainly impact on adults. Erikson’s psychosocial theory describes the development throughout the human life. He has categorized his theory in eight stages and they are infancy, early childhood, late childhood, school age, adolescence, young adulthood, adulthood and maturity. Each stage deals with different central tasks which are related to both positive and negative aspects of life. On the other side, Havighurst says development occurs through the learning. He has divided his theory into six stages and they are infancy and early childhood...
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... Erik Erikson was born on June 15, 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany. His parents had separated from each other before he was born and his mother married a Jewish doctor. His peers saw him as Jewish, but his Jewish temple did not accept him because of his appearance. Therefore, during his youth, Erikson had many struggles with identity. Erikson's family wanted him to study science. Erikson did not do well in school and did not continue on to a university. Instead of pursuing the science degree, he went to art school and enjoyed eight years of traveling Europe as a wandering artist. After Erikson had graduated from art school, he began to teach at a private school. In the early 1930's, Erikson moved his family to the United States. He became US citizen in 1939 and changed his last name from Homburger to Erikson. Erikson worked at Harvard Medical School, Yale University, and several private appointments in their clinics for disturbed children. In the year 1950, Erikson published a very influential book titled, Childhood and Society. The book included Erikson's famous Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development. He continued to work at Harvard until he retired in 1970. After retirement, the Erikson's moved to the Bay Area of California, and continued to work at training another generation of child workers. He led many seminars on his Eight Stages and other psychological topics. The Erikson's relocated to Massachusetts in the early 1990's and Erik died in 1994. The Eight Stages of Psychosocial...
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...human development. I will create a personal portrait and integrate developmental theory, moral development, and gender and cultural influences. Erikson Erikson’s developmental theory will be used to analyze my life stage by stage. I will compare Erikson’s theory of development to Lawrence Kohlberg’s model of moral development and analyze how these theories have affected my development from birth to adulthood. Last I will evaluate hoe factors can be explained within the context of gender differences and environmental, cultural, and ethnic influences. We all have different personality traits many are inborn temperament traits and others were learned based on our environment and the support we receive in growing up. Erikson became a leading figure in the psychosocial study of human growth and development, formulating nine stages, with a “conflict” or “crisis” to be resolved at each stage for healthy development to occur (Crandell, Crandell, Zanden, p. 39, 2009). Each stage builds on the preceding stages and the crisis in each stage should be resolved by the ego in that stage. As employed by Erikson (1968a, p. 286), a crisis is not “a threat of catastrophe but a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential.” More importantly he said, “remember that conflict and tension are sources of growth, strength, and commitment” (Erikson & Erikson, 1997) (Crandell, Crandell, Zanden, p. 39, 2009). Erikson first stage of psychosocial development is...
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...FINISHED!! Erik Erikson theorized a psychosocial development model (Kirst-Ashman, Zastrow, 336). There are eight stages in all for this development theory; however, I am only in the sixth stage currently. Social workers can apply knowledge of these stages to assess their clients to find out what can best help the client. While I was assessing myself, I found that throughout most of the stages, had no difficulty resolving them on time. The stage that I took longest to resolve is the fourth, industry vs. inferiority. Trust vs. Mistrust (Age 0-18 months) NOT FINISHED!! Trust versus Mistrust is the first stage in Erikson, this stage deals with infants from birth to 18 months. The trust versus mistrust stage deals with the relationship between a child and their caregiver. If a child feels secure with their parent then they are able to resolve this crisis. The way for a child to feel secure means they need certain needs met; such as being fed, having their...
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...period, however it brings physical and psychological challenges. This preliminary maturity stage adapts adolescence within a position of being responsible and conquering the world, so it’s extremely imperative for young adults to understand to think responsibly and make mature decisions. Physical development changes within young adulthood bring acne, voice change, hair growth within the pelvic area, enlargement of the internal and external reproductive organs, and breast enlargement. Social development within young adulthood brings personality development which allocates a strong desire for the adolescence to be socially independent by obtaining the following employment, car, housing etc. The principal’s values, morals and respect are needed for young adults to effectively and responsibly evaluate circumstances to determine a plausible decision of what’s right and wrong. Respect is a principal that should have been taught during childhood, however it’s critically that one adult have been instilled with this element because if fosters with how to be considerate and thoughtful towards themselves, others and situations. Discipline is also a critical factor as well this concept aids young adults how to appropriately conduct themselves within hostile circumstances and within society. There are also various theories within the changes of adulthood to name as few psychologists Erikson, Piaget and Kohlberg proposed the following stages for developmental changes within adulthood...
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...Human Developments – Application of Theory Introduction In this paper I will look at a scenario of a certain stage in a person’s life and relate in my opinion the best development Theory that explains what stage of development the subject is revealing and how this stage reflects this person’s life situation. This scenario is about a woman considered to be in the start of the middle age or prime of life. She graduated college to work in marketing. She patiently waited to marry her college love while he finished school. Settled in to a marriage where her husband was not ready for a family or children. She waited for her husband to settle down but the amount of time stressed the marriage till it ended in divorce. Now she finds herself at 43 no marriage, lonely, no children to raise and teach, and growing weary in a career she has lost interest in. Her sense of responsibility has her taking care of elderly mom even though they have never got along. At this point in her life she knows she needs to make changes but unsure of the direction she wants to go. She starts thinking of things that might change her situation but nothing feels right. Dating at her age seems awkward. Going back to school could be an option but not sure of anything she might be interested in. Not accomplishing what most other people have by this point in her life leaves her feeling of total failure. Theory The best theory analysis that fits our scenario lies in the Young Adulthood, Middle Age, and...
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...knowledge acquired from applying the investigation method and clinical experiences. (Jones) The birth of psychoanalysis is given credit to a man named Sigmund Freud. He is considered the father and main influence on this field of psychology. “Freud lived most of his life in Vienna and died in London in 1939. He discovered psychoanalysis by systematizing ideas and information coming from different, theoretical and clinical directions.” (Jones) His research and ideas paved the way for modern psychotherapy to be used by doctors worldwide. Psychoanalysis has been used since the 1900’s to treat patients with underlying psychological problems. • Psychoanalytic psychologists see psychological problems as rooted in the unconscious mind. • Manifest symptoms are caused by latent (hidden) disturbances. • Typical causes include unresolved issues during development or repressed trauma. • Treatment focuses on bringing the repressed conflict to consciousness, where the client can deal with it. (McLeod) According to Freud, the mind was made up of three egos. The Id, ego, and superego. “The ego represents ongoing conscious experience or awareness, while the id and superego represent the subconscious, of which we are not aware. The interesting notion about the subconscious, as conceived by the psychoanalysts, is that it controls the vast majority of our behavior. It would follow then, that most of the things we do are controlled by forces of which we are completely unaware. In...
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...Personality & Psychological Disorder Kasia Nalbandian American Intercontinental University 3/15/2014 Abstract In this week individual project I’m going to describe Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, I’m going to describe Erikson’s theories, a description of each stage of development using a description of an analysis character that represents each stage of development with a character that can be from television show, a movie, or a literary character from a book. You can also use a person that you know in your life such as a friend or relative and also I’m going to explain how each character represents the stage, and how the character resolves crisis. Personality and Psychological Disorder One of the most important things for a human is the personality and psychological disorder, personality is a pattern of human thoughts, feelings and behaviors which everyone will consider unique with. Personality will grow with humans and built from new born and up, personality has different theories that explains the aspects of our personality, the theories are the followings, trait theories, psychoanalytic theories, behavioral theories, humanist theories and personality disorder, the main theory that I’m going to concentrate on is personality disorder. (Boreree,2006 para 24,25,26,27,28 ) talked about the underlining mechanics of the theory the key of the concept is the epigenetic principle, that we develop true predetermine serious of the stages, and always...
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...Child development is seen as a very important topic in today’s world. What’s right? What is going to harm my child? How can I protect them? These, and many more questions are raised by most parents on a daily basis. In order to know what is best for a child, it is crucial to know what developmental theories best match up with a parent's way of thinking. Psychological theorists have been working for a long time on discovering how children grow and learn. Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget are two theorists that have made a lot of headway in the child developmental field. With some similar and different concepts, these theorists made a huge impact in the psychology world. Born in Germany, Erickson never agreed with traditional schooling. He graduated...
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...lifespan is from the moment of conception through death. Lifespan development is the different stages a person passes through as he or she develops. Perspective of lifespan development understands the changes that occur in development. Freud and Piaget have very different theories of lifespan development. Freud’s theory is a basis of id, ego, and superego, whereas Piaget’s is a cognitive development that occurs over a person’s lifetime. Nature and Nurture are more than perspectives in lifespan development they influence how and who a person will be. Lifespan development is the time from conception to death as a person develops and grows; the perspective in relationship to human development is lifelong, and theories of lifespan development can be seen in Freud, and Piaget, while the influences of a person life is nature and nurture. What is Lifespan Development A person’s lifespan begins as a fetus and as it develops and grows for nine months in the womb becoming a person either male or female will continue through stages in a his or her life. The study of human development is a science seeking to understand how humans change over their lifetime (Berger, 2008). The changes a person goes through as he or she grows can be linear-gradual, predictable, steady, but normally they are none of these. The common stages are birth, infancy, adolescence, adulthood, old age, and the ending death. To define lifespan development is also to mention that humans in their lifetime learn to communicate...
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...With reference to any aspect of Childhood Development and Educational Psychology, critically discuss what you think will be the major challenges to you as a teacher in the South African context and reflect on your own development as a learner in relation to the theory; • Developmental Stages – Piaget – Erikson – Kohlberg The way in which teachers are educated and supported to meet the challenges of the 21st century has huge influence on their ability to manage their classroom dynamics. Thus teachers need to engage with resources that enable them to provide substantial attention to learners, learning, and human development. Knowledge of the domain of educational psychology is a central resource to the teaching enterprise and to the preparation of teachers. Teacher who have knowledge of the psychology of learning, development, and instruction are better able to facilitate the learning and development of each individual student as they possess a broad and deep understanding of children, the subjects they teach, the nature of learning and schooling, and the world around them. As a student teacher specializing in the foundation phase of learning I have decided to investigate several aspects of Childhood Development and Educational Psychology. Erikson, Piaget, and Kohlberg are well known educational psychology...
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