...Naturalistic Observations Jesicca Jupin Argosy University ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is an overview of ethnographic lessons. The subject of this report is to witness individuals in a local restaurant in order to find some varieties of ethnic types pertaining to the witnessed individuals. This assignment involves observation, explanation and a breakdown of what was perceived, possible employment, amount and site of individuals and the layout of the restaurant. In addition, this paper consists of an explanation of the used approach. INTRODUCTION As an overview into ethnographic, this disposition will reflect four areas, the research question, methodical transcripts, and an investigation to determine and refer to the perceived ethnic outlook, and recording and briefing the outcomes to take in conversation. DISCUSSION Research question: What was earned from this study? As a long-term citizen in this area, I am mindful of the degree of living in this diversely driven culture. I have connected with these people for 16 years. In keeping fairness, the procedure of recording anything that is witnessed and overheard is vital to providing accurate outcomes. Every effort will be thoroughly considered to reduce prejudice throughout the study of this ethnographic learning. Yet, independence is achieved and continuous through the rationality of the findings to draw the same rational conclusions. Location for the study: The observation was accomplished for the duration...
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...This naturalistic observational study was done to assess the behavior of two groups. The girls were insistent that they expressed less aggression than their male counterparts. For this study we are assuming age similarities and surrounding environmental conditions being equal. This study was done in during recess sessions over the course of a week on school property. Breaking this study into the simplest definitions will assist in determining the accuracy of this study and help to explain the observation in a sensible manor enabling the undereducated to understand the results. The mean is considered the average. Or the sum of all scores divided by the number of scores used. For girls the total score is 49 divided by 10 or 4.9. The boys the total score is 51 divided by 10 or 5.1. Once again this would seem to indicate that the boys are more aggressive. The mode is the most frequently appearing score in the distribution of numbers. These numbers are presented for analysis as below. For girls 1 show up 1 time, 4 show up 4 times etc…. 1-1, 4-4, 5-2, 7-2, 8-1, therefore the mode for girls is 4. For boys 2-1, 3-2, 5-4, 6-1, 8-1, 9-1 therefore the mode is 5. By this simple analysis it would appear that boys are more aggressive. The median score is determined by the exact middle of the scores laid out from lowest to highest. Using the same information, the exact middle for girls is 4.5 and for boys it would be 5.0, Indicating that boys are more aggressive. ...
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...INTRODUCTION This naturalistic observation examined interactions between two men eating at Panera Bread. The aim was to gain a better understanding of social cues, such as dress, posture, mannerisms, and body language, which may help more fully inform an observer of social interaction than conversation alone. METHOD The participants were two men eating at Panera Bread. “Peter” was approximately twenty years old, dressed in a denim shirt, a pair of jeans in dark acid wash, and a pair of navy blue chukka boots. He had a watch with black leather straps on his left wrist. He had his sleeves rolled up, his hair was about medium length with his bang to the right. “John” was approximately fifteen years old. He wore a striped tee-shirt, a pair of brown chinos, and pair of dark tan boat shoes. He had several bracelets on his left wrist. He carried a navy blue backpack with a Herschel...
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...Naturalistic Observation M y observation took place in the daycare of my infant daughter. I was observing the behavior of my daughter Sofia who is 20 months old compared to other children of the same age in their environment. She has around 25 pounds and a height according to their age. Physical Development For her age she is physically developed since I can see as I walk and begins to develop the art of running. I can see how she plays and tries to talk like their peers. I could tell that my daughter is healthy and has good physical development. Cognitive Development According to Piaget's stages Sofia is in preoperational stage because for example, when all children are playing with small toys, my daughter loves to be playing with the cups and plates imagining that there is there food, finding the ramekins from the kitchenette and pretends that she was cooking. (Make- believe-play) Another example is when the teacher offers water in a plastic cup and my daughter asks the bottle because it is easier to handle, faster and can take more water. Emotional and Social Development According to Erikson's stages, Sofia is on autonomy versus shame and doubt, because I have noticed that she wants to be alone, playing with toys alone without sharing, something that made me laugh was, when I saw that children have been playing with her but she will not like to share what she had in her hand until she gets something back. I want to give another example to support my study, it’s when...
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...Student’s Name: Cassandra Marie Fernandez Naturalistic Observation This observation took place in a park where a birthday party was celebrating. I looked at a girl of 4 years old or so. The girl was wearing a red blouse and black shorts. I think she was Hispanic. She was about 50 inch tall and weighed about 35 to 40 pounds. I could hear when her dad called her Penelope. Physical development For her age, she had a perfect physical development because I could see how she ran with other girls and boys of the same age. She was jumping the string, and playing hides and seeks, so I could tell that the girl was healthy and had good physical development. Cognitive development (Piaget’s stages) According to Piaget’s stages Penelope is in preoperational stage because for example, she played with her friends building a sturdy house of plants’ leaves acting as if it was a princess castle. Also she used branches of the tree as if they were magic wands, so I realized that Penelope is in the section of mental representation make believe play. Another example that I realized was that Penelope father offered a juice, and gave her a choice of a bottle or a glass and she chose the bottle allowed more amount then the glass. Emotional and Social development (Erikson’s Stage) According to Erikson’s stages, Penelope is in industry versus inferiority because I noticed that she was all the time in cooperation with the other kids. She developed a sense of competence at useful skills and...
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...Naturalistic observation is human nature. When we see others for the first time, we make assumptions about others in order to learn about them. Although we say not to judge a book by its cover, it is impossible to prevent ourselves from analyzing the outwards appearance of others. Just from the small amount of clues, we can find out information about their personality, their attitude, their socioeconomic status, their race, their activities, and more. Psychologists use naturalistic observation in order to describe the behaviors of others in a variety of environments, and this can lead to other studies, theories, experiments, and research. In my observation of a peer (I’ll call her Susan) that I do not know very well, I used her belongings, her appearance and clothing, and her behavior to make conclusions about her. First, the specifics of a Susan’s belongings tell us about her socioeconomic status and her opinion about school. The brand, size, and color of a person’s belongings are very important. For example, although two people own a phone, it is easier to infer...
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...of behavior chose for our research problem, then compare and contrast our findings. Behavior was to be observed for frequency during a 30 minute time frame, and was conducted on different days at different times. Cherise conducted her research between the hours of 11:00- 12:00pm and recorded the following results: * The facial expressions of the persons walking and texting, had a smile on their faces and the few who obstructed the path of someone else, smiled at that person on realizing they had. The physical appearance most observed was walking with heads down while using their devices. Verbally, most persons who had obstructed or almost obstructed others apologized for doing so while continuing about their business. There was no observation of anyone losing their balance; it was observed however that some persons actually collided with other pedestrians, while some had to try to avoid collision with vehicles. Julie conducted her research between the hours of 5:30-7:30pm, and recorded the following results: * It was observed that most persons, whether pedestrians or drivers, had smiles on their faces while using their devices. Physically they conducted their movements/business with their heads down. Given the time of day, verbal responses were not easily seen so as to be recorded. Pedestrians were often seen stumbling; drivers couldn’t be properly assessed in this area. It was observed pedestrians often trying to avoid a collision with others. Leanne conducted her research...
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...Psy206-1004A-101 Aspects of Psychology Unit 1 IP1 Kevin J. Penn September 10, 2010 American InterContinental University Online Abstract The following compares and contrast of Naturalistic Obersavation and Correlational research. Which includes the research techniques reliability and validity strengths and weakness and generalizability. There are many different ways of collecting information and data to compare different types of things that happen from the past, present and to help predict the future. The research methods that I have compared are Naturalistic observation and Correlational research method. Like any thing else that they are more than one way of obtaining something there are differences and similarities that researchers can use to help them obtain their objective. The correlational research method is one in which the facts are utilizes facts to form links with an assortment of dependent variables. In most cases it is the one that is used first to give a basis before experiments can begin. There are three types of correlational research, observational, survey, and archival (Schmidt, 2000). Observational research includes items that can be tangibly recorded, for example, reporting for work and production. Survey research refers to the statistics that can be found by questioning subjects; for example, comparing the associations between couples who live together and divorce rates (Schmidt, 2000). Archival research deals...
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...experience among the people studied. This hands-off research style requires the scientist to have discernment to remain oblivious, account for instances when their presence can affect the behavior and, as other studies, discipline to remain strictly not bias. The first component in this style of research is naturalistic observations, which is for the scientist to be present, but not involved in the study. This observation can be firsthand through one’s own eyes or even by way of media such as a recording of the activity exemplifying the behavior to be measured. As a side note, these styles are particularly interesting when investigating cross-cultural interactions. Observers would try to remain oblivious to the study and take notes about the study’s mannerisms and character directly related to the behavior they are currently observing. Note taking has to remain, as always, precise and, in time, leading to some conclusions testing a hypothesis. This study can be conducted consistently pending the behavior and specifics of the study group. The second approach is participant research where the scientist is actively infiltrating the group studied for firsthand observations. This approach is the most beneficial as it empowers the scientist to collect the experience from a common view and filter it through scientific rationale. This view also is not in a controlled setting, so a raw experience, which may not even be able to be reproduced by the scientist, can be measured and...
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...There are a number of different types of observational studies including naturalistic and controlled observations, non-participant and participant observations, structured and unstructured observations. Naturalistic observation is a research method commonly used by psychologists and other social scientists. This technique involves observing subjects in their natural environment. This type of research is often utilized in situations where conducting lab research is unrealistic, cost prohibitive, or would unduly affect the subject's behavior. Naturalistic observation differs from structured observation in that it involves looking at a behavior as it occurs in its natural setting with no attempts at intervention on the part of the researcher. A non-participant observation is a type of observational study whereby the researcher does not join in with the activity being observed. Controlled observation is a type of observational study where the conditions are contrived by the researcher. This type of observation may be carried out in a laboratory type situation and because variables are manipulated is said to be high in control. The Dement and Kleitman study is an example of controlled observation. The weakness of the method is that it will be low in ecological validity compared to naturalistic observation. If participants are aware they are being studied they behave differently. A participant observation is a type of observational study where the observer is also a participant...
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...explain that the true goal of observational research is description. To understand behavior so that it can be predicted, controlled, or explained, a scientist must describe it accurately (Franzoi, 2009) which I will explain. Observational research is a social technique that involves direct observation of a subject in it natural setting. It involves the recording test results and not manipulating any of the variables, while being able to be broken down into three categories, naturalistic observation, participant observation, and archival research. Naturalistic observation involves the examination of a subject and its behavior in its natural environment. Participant observation involves the examination of a subject and its behavior in its natural environment as a member of the study group. Example, a test is conducted on underage drinking and the observer is a party guest where alcohol is being served. The third and final type of observational research is archival research. Archival research involves the examination of pre-existing records of a group, individual, or culture. It is mainly used to study the beliefs and norms of a specific culture. Naturalistic and participant observation methods offer many benefits if chosen, but they also have several flaws worth mentioning. The first flaw is the lack of a control. This means that no variables can be manipulated, so extra caution must be taken when concluding how events are correlated. The next issue is observer bias. This...
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...etc. could provide valuable information to confirm the theory that men use declarative statements and women ask questions. Additionally, the archival method can be less expensive. * What might be the disadvantages of using the archival method? The disadvantage to this method is the possibility of the lack of usable data to support the statements or that the data could be inaccessible. 2. Now imagine that you are conducting research on the length of time it takes customers to select items in a grocery store. Assume that your hypothesis is that people will spend more time deciding on more expensive items than on cheaper items. * What might be the advantages of using naturalistic observation? When observing customer behaviors when selecting expensive items the advantage of the naturalistic...
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...research discussing the advantages and disadvantages of this approach. To fully be able to do this we must first outline the different types of observational study and their key differences, i.e. the naturalistic, systematic and structured methodologies. For each of these methodologies this essay will not only provide a definition but also present real life studies extracted from peer reviewed sources and for each of these it will outline a brief description of their aims, methods and findings and will be concluded with the relative advantages and disadvantages of each study based on their method. Finally this essay will conclude by expressing the important role each method plays...
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...Observation The student is considered a novice as an observer of children. The student observes children to gain practice and understanding in child development. Students have an obligation to protect children and respect school personnel. Observers are usually visitors in the classroom. The observer must keep in mind that they are a disruption to the regular processes in the classroom and they should respect the classroom teacher’s direction. The protection of the child’s rights in any type of child study is important. Regardless of the procedure used to collect information, the child’s protection is paramount. The child must not come to any harm (physical or mental) through participation in the observation process. Confidentiality must be utilized at all times. Talking about children and families with others outside of class or with the classroom teacher is prohibited. Please use fictitious names in written reports. Any concerns about a child’s safety should be addressed immediately with the classroom teacher or other responsible party. Observation tells us about children’s behavior – what they are doing. If we want to understand children’s development in school settings then we should observe them in those settings. Observation that takes place in a natural environment is referred to as naturalistic observation. Qualities of a Good Observer: · Recognize personal bias and preconceived assumptions about children. · Stay focus for a long period...
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...Assessment April 24, 2011 Assignment: Clinical Assessment Pre-consultation is the first initial contact with the potential clients, the documents of Clara’s medical history must be submitted for review, along with a documentation from her teachers at the pre-school pertaining to their observations with Clara. At this point any other documentation obtained prior to the adoption that may give further insight to evaluating Clara. In meeting with Clara and her adoptive parents the issue of Clara’s age and environment is the beginning process in evaluating the issues surrounding Clara. I recognize that questioning a four- year old child could appear to be very intimidating and frightening; therefore, the interview will be addressed in several phases to avoid overwhelming Clara. The first phase will initiate Clara be taken to a playroom, and observed by my associate and recorded while playing with dolls. This will give insight into whether Clara demonstrates anger, or touches the dolls in inappropriate places suggestion perhaps sexual...
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