...exemplifies warfare in the American Civil War. Throughout history, the combatant with the highest level of technology and innovation typically is victorious over numerically superior forces. For example, using new and innovative methods of constructing fortifications, in 1294 AD, the garrison of Harlech Castle in Wales, consisting of only 37 soldiers, was able to defend against a significantly numerically superior force. During the American Civil War, both sides used the emphasis on innovation to turn the three non-military technologies of the manufacture of interchangeable parts, railroads, and the telegraph, into weapons of modern Western warfare. During the early nineteenth century, gun smithing was an extremely skilled craft and most firearms were handmade, subsequently making them one of a kind . The bulk of the American industrial base was located in New England, and it was there that the “American system of manufacture” was born. As the demand for manufactured goods rose, many companies developed systems that would increase the overall output of their factories while decreasing the need for highly skilled tradesmen. The result was the ability to mass-produce nearly identical parts that could be used in any random selection of parts. The primary American army firearm of the day was the Springfield Musket. The armory at Springfield, Massachusetts, mass-produced the majority of these rifles using special machinery to make identical parts. During a tour of the Springfield...
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...Practice of Medicine During the Civil War What comes to mind when thinking about the Civil War? Does it include the bloody fight and deaths of many Americans? The war determined what kind of nation we were going to be but also influenced some of the most advances in the medical field. Even though medicine during the war was very poor, they made many improvements during the Civil War to improve the health of all the soldiers fighting. They advanced medicine as well as procedures causing less pain and trying to defeat disease that caused many deaths. Surgery in the 1860s was a lot different than it is today. They didn’t have all of the tools that we have today. During the Civil War many of the soldiers had to get extremities amputated. They were lacking advancement in...
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...Outcomes of the Civil War | How could the outcome of the Civil War been changed? | The Civil War was won by the Union but what would have happened if the Confederates would have won? What would have happened if the Union had won earlier? What would the outcome have been if new technologies had been implemented? These are questions that are not easy to answer. These questions demand speculation and assumptions that are not provable. The best guesses of different outcomes are all we have to work with. The first question, what if the Confederates had won, has many different outcomes. The most likely outcome of this is that the United States would have become five different countries. The Union and the Confederates are obvious but Texas and California would have pushed to become sovereign countries. Utah would have become the fifth country by becoming a Church State. The northwest States probably would have rejoined the Union in the 1930’s due to the Great Depression. Abraham Lincoln may not have been assassinated since John Wilkes Booth did not have a motive for the killing. Lincoln would have finished his career as a senator after twenty years. He would have written his memoirs after the war with many thousands of copies sold mainly in the south. Robert E. Lee would have become Confederate President Jefferson Davis's special envoy to the United States. But the strain of the job, and trying to maintain friendly relations with a former enemy, would have...
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...Prof. Timothy Orr 3 March 2015 Attack and Die Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage This was a intriguing book, the authors offer a different version of the severe loss of life suffered by the Confederacy States of American during the Civil War. The authors pull social and cultural elements together with military history to create their central thesis: the Southern military leadership failed to recognize new tactics and technological advances and willingly threw away men’s lives due to their Celtic heritage. If the South had adopted a more defensive posture, it very well could have weathered the storm of assaults by the Union, but the leadership of Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee prevented this because they desired to wage an aggressive war. The book is broken down into different sections, the book begins by comparing Union and Southern losses in battles which major assaults took place and field works. The numbers are very telling, as Southern forces time and again take heavy losses by waging an aggressive war. Union commanders more easily recognized the change in warfare due to technology and more readily adapted; which leads into the part of the book, which discusses at length the reasons for the belief in aggressive tactics. The Mexican war had a profound effect on the thinking of the soldiers who fought in it, and these lessons were remembered and reinforced in the period leading up to the Civil War. The final chapters of the book discuss the cultural...
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...Annotated bibliography There were numerous advances in military technology during the Civil war. A significant amount of them had to do with military technology. Some of these were the rifled musket, the ironclad ships and the military tactics called Total War. The rifled musket was one of the most significant advancements during the Civil War because of its design and also the new ammo it used called “Minie ball Bullets.” These bullets were not actually balls. During the civil war this was the first time the ammo in guns had switched from a ball to the more commonly known cone shape. The cone shape bullets are more aerodynamic and they can also penetrate more easily. Since these bullets were more aerodynamic they had a range of 500yds compared to revolutionary muskets, which had a range of 100yds and revolution cannons that only had a range of 400yds. These new rifles were able to engage artillery positions before artillery engaged the infantry. I plan on using this source in my essay because it helps prove the point that some of the weapons and concepts in the civil war have been applied to weaponry that are still used today. And I feel that I could use this article to help prove the point that the Civil War had a huge impact on wars to come. Moorehead, Richard D. “Technology and the American Civil War” Government Industry May-June2004.Sept.26,2009 http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0PBZ/is_2004_May-June/ai_n6123966/ Some people argue that the machine gun of 1914 was...
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...“Wars and warfare changed very little in response to the Atlantic Revolutions and the Industrial Revolution” In response to the Atlantic Revolutions and the Industrial Revolution, wars and warfare have changed significantly. Each revolution changed not only how war and warfare was conducted but had a remarkable impact on the character of war itself. Both of the Atlantic Revolutions and the Industrial Revolutions shaped warfare by instigating the implementation of a sense of nationalism, advanced technology, and tactics. The Napoleonic Wars, American Civil War, and the Crimean War are very good examples of how the Atlantic Revolutions and the Industrial revolutions influenced wars and warfare. Nationalism, an emerging movement, became increasingly noteworthy throughout the Napoleonic Wars, which was derived from the Atlantic Revolutions. The industrialization period prominently impacted on the American Civil War by bringing about vast improvements in technology and transportation, which deemed to have a profound effect on the social, economic and cultural conditions of the time. Enhanced technology and the evolution from pre modern warfare tactics are evident in Russia’s defeat by the British in the Crimean War. This again shows a direct correlation on how each revolution had a significant impact on how warfare is conducted. Throughout the Napoleonic period there was an immense surge in the numbers that armies were yielding. The growth in armies is parallel to the sense...
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...Political Movements in the 20th Century HUM/300 Political Movements in the 20th Century During the 20th century several major political events took place that changed the worldwide view of civilization and shook up the collective consciousness. World War I and II showed the dark side of technology when used to hurt humanity. Civil movements surged around the world as a result of minorities trying to regain their identity, which various governments throughout the world restricted. The authors will examine major political events that had a notable effect on the 20th century, including, the influences of World War I and II, the surge of the Civil Rights Movement, and the Gender Equality Movement. The author’s examination will consider the works of artists and how his or her creative expression reflected the mood of the era. Political Events: World War I and II World War I (WWI) started in 1914, and lasted through 1918. The political event that triggered this war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The war tactics employed in World War I changed the methods and strategies in future conflicts bringing more devastation. Some of the new strategies included trench warfare, chemical warfare, and upgraded technology; it introduced chemical weapons including chlorine and phosgene, which produced devastating damages. The exposure to high levels of these gases resulted in temporary blindness, difficulty...
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...The American Civil War was one of the bloodiest wars in American History, it marked one of the most permanent changes in US history. The war began on April 12, 1861 and ended on April 18, 1865, lasting a little over four years. It was fought between the Northern states, Union states, and the Southern states, Confederate states. It all started because of some differences between the states, such as; the idea of slavery, state rights, tariffs, and trade. The war began when Confederate forces bombarded Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay, South Carolina, which was being controlled by the Union. There were approximately six thousand battles and engagements fought during the war. The bloodiest battle during the Civil War was Gettysburg, with 51,000 casualties. There were not even half as many casualties in Shiloh, which had almost twenty-four thousand casualties. Vicksburg had the least amount of casualties, with almost twenty thousand casualties. Southern states started to secede from the Union even before the war. There were a total of eleven states that seceded, those states were; South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and lastly Tennessee. Though these states didn’t secede at the same time, it was still a big deal because at the time secession wasn’t legal, but it also hadn’t been ruled illegal yet. It was ruled illegal after the war. Many families and their...
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...___________________ * * by * * * * James Watt developed a steam-powered engine in the late 1700’s that used the pressure of super-heated water to create steam pressure. This pressure moved a slide piston that pushed a rod on a pivot. The motion turned a rotary wheel for as long as the mechanism was fueled and in good repair. The invention of the steam engine was the catalyst for a series of technological innovations developed during the Industrial Revolution that changed warfare after the Napoleonic Wars through to the American Civil War. Steam engine technology led to the development of factory-based assembly line production of materials, the development of the steamship and locomotive, and to innovations in the production of steel from pig iron. These series of innovations created the means for military power to mass quickly and continuously throughout the Civil War. * As steam engine technology continued to improve1 during the early 1800’s, commercial entrepreneurial ventures morphed into a new industrial system that could generate and project large military forces over greater distances faster than ever before. The steam engine lead to the development of steamships and railroad systems funded by investors and constructed by the Army Engineer Corps to support commerce. Navigable waterways and land rail systems, initially developed for commerce, quickly became the means by which forces could quickly deploy over long distances. The forces were logistically...
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...MILITARY TECHNOLOGY & THE NATURE OF WARFARE 1815 - 1945 With both the World Wars in the twentieth century, conflicts arose that had become somewhat inevitable, yet the nature of which were undoubtedly total wars that had not been anticipated. However, with military technology extending the boundaries of warfare, such conflicts fought on such an unprecedented and devastating scale had been threatening throughout the latter part of the 19th Century. This period was littered with strife, characterized by the American Civil War, The Boer War and the Russo-Japanese War whereby the major powers had demonstrated their threatening capabilities. These bloody conflicts were all typical of 19th century warfare. They were classified in a transitional period between the Napoleonic conflicts of the 18th Century and the total warfare of the 20th Century, in which armies across the globe witnessed an evolution in the nature of warfare. For many, this evolution had been founded upon the transformations in military technology. Furthermore, between 1815-1945, mass industrialization supplemented an ever-changing school of thought surrounding warfare and the deferrals of such conflicts to settle a fraught European Balance of Power created a developing uneasiness between the misunderstandings of modern warfare and capabilities in reality. The consequence was bitter periods of conflict where ad-libbing attempted to allow...
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...February 29, 2012 Gabriel Garcia Marquez & Magical Realism Magical Realism is often perceived as a form of literature where the author blends the realistic and fantastic elements together, and readers cannot tell what is reality or fantasy. The definition of Magical Realism always stays in that frame. However, Gabriel Garcia Marquez takes the definition of Magical Realism to a whole new level. Under his pen, Garcia Marquez uses Magical Realism as a tool to show readers the multi-layered side of his motherland, Colombia. To be more precise, Garcia Marquez tends to reveal mostly politics in his writings. Garcia Marquez was born in 1928 in the town of Aracataca, Colombia. Colombia is a unitary constitutional republic comprised of thirty-two departments. In the past, the intense battle over sovereignty between the conservatives and liberals never stopped; the continuing conflicts between political parties even initiated civil wars, which played a big role in the formation of Colombia. The unstable and chaotic political situation partly influenced Garcia Marquez’s writings. As a Colombian who was born during such turbulent times, Garcia Marquez witnessed and experienced various historical events. The history of Colombia and his personal experiences played a huge part in inspiring Garcia Marquez’s writing. Here comes the question, why would Garcia Marquez write about politics through Magical Realism? What is his intention? Since Garcia Marquez’s childhood, Colombia’s political situation...
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...Running Head: INDUSTRIALIZATION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR Industrialization Report HIS 105 DUE 04/21/2015 Pamela Anderson Professor: INDUSTRIALIZATION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR Introduction In the course of reading this article I explore fundamentals to three major aspect of industrialization between eighteen and nineteen century first I will express concerned of the industry and the conflict it face. While developing factories and farms Second is the economy using various technlogies to motivate growth for rebuilding, farmers income also fails for their price level., however it gives credit to the economy in the form of technology such as sewing machine and firearm also is of great concerned and is it equipped to deal with difficult challenges. E.G Immigrant. Technology expansion, growth of industries and health concerned. This paper will try to explain three aspect of industrialization between 1865 and 1920 the essay will outline Economy, Politics issues and Social systems. INDUSTRIALIZATION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR Industries First of all industries made an enormous demands of the wealthy investors by developing railroads, production of irons, tobacco and cottons utilizing the poor whites, Blacks were bands from been employed. These blacks fought because of the segregation due to racism, Industrial growth has a competition causing American to move from south to north searching for a better life. (Schultz 2013). The railroad increase tracking and inflation...
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...powerful, but the impact, development and change that it took during the 20th Century will echo in eternity. Many important events like the civil war, the movement of peoples from Europe, and the development of nuclear power led to the intense development of explosives by countries. Most were for the purpose of defense, others for industry, mining and development of technology. These explosive devices were mostly created by acts of war in pursuit of better defense weapons. The Civil war in the United States led to the development of many explosive devices. George and Gabriel Rains two Confederate soldiers had the ability to create explosive devices in the civil war. One such device was a black iron cast which resembled a lump of coal. Since it resembled a lump of coal Confederate soldiers would drop this object in a ships coal load. Once it was shoveled into the boiler the explosive device would react with the heat from the boiler causing an explosion. George and Gabriel Rains became known as the “Bomb Brothers” for their expertise in developing explosive devices and gun powder. Gabriel Rains developed what was to be the South’s first torpedo which could be used in land or water. The torpedo was made from sheet iron and a fuse which was protected by brass cap covered with beeswax solution. This became known as “Rains Paten.” Another development that came about due to a desperate act by Gabriel Rains, during a conflict with the Union Army in Richmond Virginia, was the...
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...Name Institution Course Tutor Date HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES Introduction The current America we know today is not comparable to the America which existed after the civil war. Great things such as urbanization, equal rights for citizens and the two major wars have made us understand the current United States. Since the time United States ended slavery, a lot of great things have happened. Some of the major ones being the period of reconstruction, Civil Rights Movement, the great depression and the World wars I and II. The aim of this paper is to compare the views of America a Narrative History 9th edition by George Brown Tindall and those of America Compared 2nd edition by Carl J. Guarneri. According to the two authors the history of United States since 1965 somehow differs. According to (Tindall, George Brown, and David, 196), the period of reconstruction, lasting from 1865 to 1876 was a period when the nation tried to restructure itself and incorporate the southern states which became part of the union. The freed men from the South had found themselves with no system to control them in their lives. So they had to look for a way to incorporate them in a still society that was biased against them. The reconstruction dealt with the transformation of southern states. During this period, a little social or political agreement was available on issues such as who was supposed to vote and how the southern states were going to rebuild themselves after the destruction...
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...Transformations of Military Technology Transformations of Military Technology The military is armed forces authorized to use lethal force, and weapons, to support the interest of the citizens, and the profession of soldiering goes many years back. The military’s primary reason of existing is to engage in combat and be victorious. This is the primary focus for all military throughout history. Tactics and methods are used for engaging and defeating the enemy in direct combat. However the soldiers and armies have come a long way from the spear, or the bow and arrow. The innovations along with changes in tactics and strategies were crucial to the evolution of warfare. In the middle ages the army, air force, marines, national guards, and navy did not exist. Medieval knights were the middle ages military. Knighthood was awarded to members of nobility. Normally a man must have been born the son of a knight in order to become one. At the age of seven or eight, a young knight would be sent away from home to begin formal knight training, in preparation to dominate the medieval battlefield. In this training, the most commonly used weapons for war were swords and the lance; by horseback riding knights wearing body-covering armor. In addition, the knights were taught to use a wide range of weaponry, from simple tools and farm implements to sophisticated acts of surrounding and attacking the enemy, for capture. Wounds inflicted on the battlefield were usually cuts to arms, legs and scalp;...
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