...The five points area had a very infamous reputation in 19th century New York City. The population was largely Irish and it was said to be the home of gang members and criminals of all types, and was mainly known as the home turf of Irish immigrant gangs. The five points received its name because it was the intersection of 5 streets, which formed five corners. The streets were: Mulberry, Little Water, Anthony, Cross, and Orange. Mulberry Street is the only street that still has its original name. While the neighborhood was predominantly Irish in the 1850s, there were also African Americans, Italians, and various other immigrant groups. The Irish were stereotypically described as criminals, violent and drunks. Unfortunately, the slum conditions and widespread crime of the Five Points only contributed to that attitude. The problems within the five points started with the five points area itself. The living conditions there were indescribably horrible. “See how the rotten beams are tumbling down, and how the patched and broken windows seem to scowl dimly”(Doc. A). Tenements in the Five Points were made from wood and brick. The wooden structures measured about twenty to twenty five feet wide and twenty five to thirty feet deep, and stood two and a half stories high at most. These buildings were originally intended for shopkeepers businesses, and were meant to house their families and perhaps a few employees. By the 1850s, most of these shops had been made into small...
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...Service and the New York City Draft Riots The year was 1863, America was engulfed in a Civil War that was only supposed to last a few weeks. However, it turned out to be a long bitter war where both sides struggled to gain the upper hand against the other. With enormous casualties on both sides, the Union army needed to bolster its troop numbers without enough volunteers, the government enacted the draft. On July 13th, a group of protestors of the draft quickly turned into a rioting mob attacking local institutions in New York City. The draft riots exhibited people’s dislike towards the Civil War. People were so strongly pitted against the war that they were willing to stand up and fight for their right to not get involved in a war they did not believe in. Certain battles were devastating to the Union Army. In the Battle of Antietam an estimated 3600 Union soldiers died. To bolster troop numbers President Abraham Lincoln enacted a draft in March 1863: all male citizens between twenty and thirty-five and all unmarried men between thirty-five and forty-five were subject to be placed into a military lottery. However, since the newly freed slaves from the Emancipation Proclamation were not considered citizens, they were exempt from the draft. There was a way for citizens avoid enlistment however: pay the government $300 or hire a substitute. On July 11, 1863 the first draft lottery took place. Then, on the morning of the 13th, riots broke out across New York City which would take...
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...New Wave Immigrants I find it pretty easy to relate to the immigrants of New York in this time. I am first-generation American, with both of my parents being born in Jamaica as a part of the baby-boomer generation. My grandparents on my father’s side, Gwendolyn and Joshua, moved to Brooklyn, New York in the early 1970s from Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Together they had brought their seven children to the United States, but never made them citizens, just permanent residences. When they became more comfortable in America, they followed the traditional suburban path and moved to Hartford Connecticut. My dad, Hugh, moved to Connecticut with them for a while, but enjoyed the freedom that the city had to offer, and moved back and met my mom shortly...
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...Imagine your city under rage and disturbance created by one single incident that ignites an angry spark in thousands of people to get justice. One of the worst riot in United States History was the Los Angeles Riots that was triggered by the beating of Rodney King by four Los Angeles Police Department officers. Rodney King is a symbol of mistreatment of African Americans throughout the justice system. Rodney King was undeserving of the mistreatment that he endured. March 3, 1991 was a day that we would all remember. Rodney Glen King III was an African American construction worker who became nationally known after being beaten by Los Angeles Police officers. On March 3, 1991 Rodney King and two of his friends named Bryant Allen and Freddie...
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...that has come to an end would be reconstruction. Reconstruction was a time period in American which had many leaders, goals, and accomplishments. But like everything it came to an end, the results were not so good but they weren’t bad either. The U.S experienced political, economic, geographic, and social change in the first half of the 1800’s, The dispute between the North and south about expanding slavery to new territory and the election of Abraham Lincoln, Civil war lasted approximately four years and it cost 620,000 lives far most destructive war, also, after the...
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... Alabama- a new major crisis in Anglo-American relations arose in 1862 over the unneutral building in England of this Confederate warship. William H. Seward- Lincoln began his precarious term as president by appointing this man as secretary of state. Jefferson Davis- the Civil War leader who was constantly challenged by states' rights politicians and who was even threatened with impeachment. Charles Francis Adams- the U.S. minister to England during the Civil War who kept the pressure on the British government to pay for destroyed shipping. Morill Tariff Act- the 1861 tariff that boosted duties to about the level of the Walker Tariff of 1846. Laird rams- the two Confederate warships built by Britain that were designed to destroy wooden Union ships with their iron rams. Maximilian- the Austrian nobleman who served as France's puppet leader of Mexico during the Civil War. Napoleon III- the European leader who was openly unfriendly to the Union during the Civil War. National Banking System- the system created in 1863 to stimulate the sale of government bonds and to establish a standard banknote currency. Edwin M. Stanton- the arrogant, irascible, vindictive, and double-dealing Democrat who Lincoln named as his secretary of war. Clara Barton- reformer and nurse of the nineteenth century, who founded the American Red Cross in the 1880s. She had organized nursing care for Union soldiers during the Civil War. Draft Riots- Violent disturbances in New York City that were the...
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...support. They require manpower. Manpower is the backbone to any and every military operation throughout history. Unfortunately, the United States has not always had the amount of brave soldiers she needs to keep the enemy at bay. In order to combat this lack of manpower, conscription, more commonly known as “the draft”, has been needed to be employed. The military draft is a controversial topic; Serving one’s country is undeniably honorable, but what if it is not a choice? Should you be forced...
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...In fact, the Confederates under Colonel Robert Mc Millian defended the attack of Meagher’s men without hesitation. After the battle of Marye Heights, the 69th New York loses are close to one thousand troops, and the brigade drops in number from around 1,500 to 500 men. The battle was similar to Pickett’s Charge, and the battle shoed the futility of war. Meagher’s troops found the Irish flag bear at the end of the battle with the Irish flag draped around him. Moreover, he died of a gun shot through the heart. The Irish Brigade continues to fight in the war at the Battle of Fredericksburg where the Brigade only numbered around three hundred men. Meagher complains about the Irish troops being worn out; he will ask for permission to go back to New York and recruit more Irish troops. Meagher’s request was denied; he resigns over recruitment issues and arguments with General Hooker. The Irish Brigade fights at Gettysburg, Spotsylvania, and Petersburg. In each of these battles several officers were killed in battle. During Lee’s retreat from Richmond through Farmville, the last general to be killed in the Civil War would be the Irish – American, Colonel Thomas...
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...• Robert Livingston • War of 1812- Military conflict between US and Britain following revolution about unresolved issues: trade restrictions, etc. • Tecumseh- Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy; opposed US in war of 1812. • John Quincy Adams- sixth president; whig. • Empire of Liberty- theme developed first by Thomas Jefferson to identify America's world responsibility to spread freedom across the globe. Jefferson saw America's mission in terms of setting an example, expansion into the west, and by intervention abroad. • Transportation Revolution- early 1800s, development of steamboats, canals, and railroads. Faster transport of people, products, and knowledge. • National Road- First major improved highway in the United States to be built by the federal government. Connection between the Potomac and Ohio Rivers and a gateway to the West for thousands of settlers. • Communication Revolution- Samuel Morse invented telegraph. • The Market Revolution- improvements in how goods were processed and fabricated as well as by a transformation of how labor was organized to process trade goods for consumption. • Porkopolis- Cincinnati was the country's chief hog packing center, and herds of pigs traveled the streets. • Labor theory of value- The value of a commodity is only related to the labor needed to produce or obtain that commodity and not to other factors of production • Second Party System- 2 party system • Democrats-...
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...Cynthia Aurand Sara Piotrowski Culture and Civilization II 12 December 2014 Gandhi and King the Road to Peace Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. were two extraordinary men who shared a similar philosophy for the road to peace. Both men believed in nonviolent protest or nonviolent resistance to injustice and used nonviolent methods to push forward their cause. For Gandhi this cause was lobbying against the British rule, the unification and independence of India (Adams, Langer, Hwa, Stearns, and Wiesner-Hanks,). For Dr. King the cause was civil rights and social injustice to the black population in America, but also the social issues of racism, capitalism, poverty and militarism. Dr. King also took up the cause of speaking out against the war in Vietnam and lobbied for the U.S. government to withdraw from Vietnam (King Jr.). I believe that both of these men, although differed in some aspects, believed in a philosophy of peace, love, and human brotherhood and as such their philosophy and views hold relevant material for us today as we journey through tumultuous times and navigate the social injustices that remain. Gandhi fought for the independence of India and the right for India to self-govern and attain rights for the citizens of India. Mahatma Gandhi took up the cause of fighting against British rule with unequal laws in a unique way. He encouraged nonviolent protest or what he termed “nonviolent civil disobedience” in the face of aggression or violence,...
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...quiz 1) Colonial Era/Exploration and Discovery The Significance of 1492 European Commercial and Financial Expansion Slavery and Spanish Colonization The Meaning of America The Black Legend Colonial Era/17th Century (Read below for quiz 1) European Colonization North of Mexico Spanish Colonization English Settlement Colonial Era/17 century (Read below for quiz 2) English Colonization Begins Life in Early Virginia Slavery Takes Root in Colonial Virginia Founding New England The Puritans The Puritan Idea of the Covenant Regional Contrasts Dimensions of Change in Colonial New England The Salem Witch Scare Slavery in the Colonial North Struggles for Power in Colonial America Diversity in Colonial America The Middle Colonies: New York Fear of Slave Revolts The Middle Colonies: William Penn’s Holy Commonwealth The Southernmost Colonies: The Carolinas and Georgia Colonial Administration (Read below for quiz 2) No readings th Road to Revolution (Read for quiz 3) Colonial America/18th Century The The The The The The Emergence of New Ideas about Personal Liberties and Constitutional Rights Great Awakening Seven Years’ War Rise of Antislavery Sentiment Fate of Native Americans Road to Revolution American Revolution (Read for quiz 3) Entire Chapter on American Revolution Introduction Why should we care about the American Revolution? Why did the American Revolution take place? The Road to Revolution The Revolution Begins Why did the colonists rebel and the British resist? Declaring Independence...
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...emblematic, she is iconic. Emma Goldman was born in the imperial city of Russia of Kovno on June 27, 1869. Emma’s mother Taube was married to a man when she was 15 years old He later died and she was left with two children. Emma’s mother had a second marriage arranged to Abraham Goldman. First of all, when Emma was a child she constantly was abused by her stepfather when she displeased him. Emma was uncontrollable and rebellious to her stepfather “I’ll kill that brat”, he often said. (Gornick 7). Also, the family constantly moved from Konovo to Konigsberg to Petersburg. Emma’s education was very limited. Although she passed the exam to secondary school, she was denied the character reference necessary for admission. The religion teacher declared her “a terrible child who would grow into a worse woman” (Gornick 7.)When Emma became 12 years old education came to an end for her. When Emma was 16 years old her father told her it was time for her to get married and he would arrange this. She begged once more to return to school instead of getting married. Emma begged her father to immigrate to the United States with her sister Helena; they both wanted to join their older sister Lena already living in upstate New York. She had threated suicide to her stepfather because her stepfather did not let her immigrate and later he let her go. In 1885, Emma immigrated to the United States and settled in Rochester, New York. She began working in clothing...
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...Tania Moshirian A10023469 USP 100 September 3rd, 2014 Website Final Draft The Collapse Detroit, Michigan: a city where more than 1.1 million people have vanished in the past 60 years. The city has dropped 25% in population just in the last 10 years. The city crumbled apart, which forced people to abandon their houses and businesses, leaving them with nothing. Even hospitals and religious structures were abandoned--and are still abandoned--with no demand to fill them. Ultimately, the auto industry was hit the hardest. With a systematic city, there was nowhere for the people to find jobs, since the auto industry was also hurting. More than 200,000 people worked in the auto industry in the mid-20th century. Since the slow migration out of Detroit, the number fell to 100,000 people in the early 21st century. People have compared the migration out of Detroit to the whole city of San Francisco being deserted. More than 1.1 million people have left the city over the past decades. With economic downward spiral, Detroit hit its lowest point. With less than 750,000 people living in the city, it has been hard for local government to get money for the federal government for urban aid--leaving people still living in the city to suffer more. Detroit was named the poorest city in the nation, with one out of three people living below federal poverty. (1) With so many people suffering, it led to many fires. Buildings and houses were burning rapidly. There were two...
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...in the War of Independence. The Independence War took place from 1775 to 1783. For many decades, before anything happened in the American Revolutionary War, pressure had been rising between colonists and British authorities. Many actions were taken by the British government to raise income by taxing the colonies. The Stamp Act of 1765 was one of many reasons why the colonists were getting furious. Some colonists demanded the same rights as other British citizens. King George III sent British soldiers to Boston, Massachusetts, to force them to pay taxes. Colonial residents did not agree to allow British troops to be in there towns. Therefore, colonist started a riot by throwing sticks and stones at the British soldiers. Violence led to British soldiers opening fire on a riot of colonist. During the riot, five men that were killed. One of the first men to be hit was an African American by the name of Crispus Attucks. The First Continental Congress was the government before the American Revolution began. There were fifty-six delegates from each of the thirteen colonies. They met in 1774 in reactions to the Coercive Act. In 1775, the Second Continental Congress came together after the American Revolutionary War had already begun. A couple years before any major battles happened was the Boston Tea Party. The evening of December 16, 1773, 3 vessels are docked at the Boson Harbor each holding 342 chest of tea is worth about 9,000 Euros. The same night about 6:00 p...
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...New Left • The Movement • Hippies • Beliefs: anti-war, rights for everyone, university reforms • Often young radicals • Was not the majority of Americans • Loosely organized Student for a Democratic Society • was one of the most active anti-war groups. • They were also against racial discrimination and strict college rules. • Rich mans war but a poor mans fight Free Speech Movement • Berkeley students disputed over rights of students • students challenged campus police and striked in large mass • nearly decade of campus turmoil • moved along to Columbia and other colleges Weathermen • 1969 • small groups of militants that cultivated popular imgae of student radicalism= cahos + disorder • responsible for arson, bombing= destroy campus buildings + lives • tried to drive out training programs + bar military recruiters from college campuses Antiwar rallies • in protest of Vietnam war, many individuals gathered to advocate against the political minds and US presence in Vietnam • 1960s (late '60s) • organized some of the largest political demonstrations in American history Anti-draft movement • Protests against the military draft. • 1960s and 70s • only voluntary participation. Many left the country Counterculture • culture with values and beliefs different then the mainstream • 1970s Woodstock • A music festival held in New York in 1969 • the beatles, jimmy hendrix Termination • Reducing size of bureaucracy by cutting programs/agencies - reduce budget ...
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