...agree upon. Knowing, as well as realizing a wide variety of topics that go hand and hand regarding alcohol such as health risks and impaired judgment it is important to realize other negative factors without supervision. However, people are still split on the issue of alcohol consumption. I will be focusing on the problem when mixing alcohol into supervised and unsupervised environments, discussing past and present issues when keeping alcohol locked up or out of reach from minors, addressing how the current drinking age demeans young adults under twenty-one, and why I believe the drinking age should be lowered to nine-teen to benefit from unsafe drinking habits. To make the issue clear regarding how when alcohol is mixed with different given environments shows different outcomes two life scenarios come to mind. For insistence, back when twenty-one was not the legal drinking age, sitting up at the bar drinking casually with a couple friends well sharing a couple laughs seemed harmless. Even if the young adults started drinking more and more there were staff, bouncers, and bartenders there supervising and making sure everyone was in line. Now turning the tables around when alcohol is introduced at a party with no supervision, the lack of responsibility leads to binge drinking, fighting, and destruction of ones property. This is often due to personal reasonability when you are at a party with no supervision. Individuals tend to think very drunk individuals are entertaining and...
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...oversight and constructive challenge to the executive directors. NED could act as the 10th man in ‘10th man idea’ where his/her role is to disagree no matter how improbable the idea nine people agree on something. He/ She may present a case for an alternative viewpoint — no matter how ridiculous the idea sounds. If his evidence is still inferior and conflicts with the consensus of the other nine men, then they go through with their original plan. If the tenth man’s ideas prove to be superior, they explore his ideas further. Therefore, with NED argument and consultation, the decision that come out from boardroom has been consolidated and unbiased. The 1992 Cadbury Report initiated a debate about the main functions and responsibilities of non-executive directors. Today, it is widely accepted that non-executive directors have an important contribution to make to the proper running of companies and, therefore, more widely to the economy at large. As the Cadbury Report said, they: “should bring an independent judgement to bear on issues of strategy, performance and resources including key appointments and standards of conduct.” There is no legal distinction between executive and non-executive directors. As a consequence, in the UK unitary board structure, non-executive directors have the same legal duties, responsibilities and potential liabilities as their executive counterparts. Clearly, it is appreciated that non-executive directors cannot give the same continuous attention...
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...Running head: Law, Tort Law, Criminal Law, Contracts, and Civil Procedure | | | Law, Tort Law, Criminal Law, Contracts, and Civil Procedure In defining the term law, tort law, criminal law, contract and the sources from which law derives, I will use a case that took place in 1929 “Donoghue v Stevenson” to demonstrate the these laws which will show a successful negligence suit, as well as defenses a defendant presenting evidence to refute a plaintiffs evidence. J.G. Holland said it best! In the words of J. G. Holland “Laws are the very bulwarks of liberty; they define every man’s rights, and defend the individual liberties of all men”. Laws are derived from the United States Constitution; Constitutional law is the body of law which defines the relationship of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. Established Constitutional and administrative law govern the affairs of the state. Constitutional law concerns both the relationships between the executive, legislature and judiciary and the human rights or civil liberties of individuals against the state. Most jurisdictions, like the United States and France, have a single codified constitution with a bill of rights. A few, like the United Kingdom, have no such document. A "constitution" is simply those laws which constitute the body politic, from statute, case law and convention. Law is defined as a system of rules...
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...__________________________ Date: _____________ 1.Nine The covenant implied in a lease that ensures that the landlord will not interfere in the tenant's possession or use of the property is the covenant A) of warranty forever. B) of seisin. C) against encumbrances. D) of quiet enjoyment. 2.Nine The availability of funds for real estate mortgage loans is affected by the Federal Reserve System through which of the following? A) Federal National Mortgage Association B) Federal Housing Administration C) Resolution Trust Corporation D) Discount rates 3.Nine The closing statement involves debits and credits to the parties in the transaction. A debit is a(n) A) adjustment for an expense paid outside of closing. B) refund. C) proration. D) charge. 4.Nine The purpose of an appraisal is to A) determine the projected income of a property. B) set the amount of consideration the seller should accept from a purchaser. C) set the market price of a property. D) estimate the value of a property. 5.Nine The income approach as used by an appraiser makes use of which of the following? A) Depreciation B) Capitalization C) Equalization D) Appreciation 6.Nine A written summary of the history of all conveyances and legal proceedings affecting a specific parcel of real estate is called a(n) A) title insurance policy. B) abstract of title. C) affidavit of title. D) certificate of title. 7.Nine A property manager's primary obligation is to A) bankers...
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...Sir Robert Peel and American Policing Kristi Pursley CJA/214 August 15, 2011 Don Redden Sir Robert Peel and American Policing The history of policing dates back several thousand years ago when there was no order or peace and inhumane acts upon citizens was the norm with religious, political, or military police acting as the law. Policing was unstable and unorganized. Citizens took the law into their own hands and served as judge, jury, and executioner. There was not such a thing as being “innocent until proven guilty.” If the community believed an individual was guilty of a crime then the community would handle the offense themselves. American policing stems from the English heritage; crime prevention and control, preventive patrol, and the quasi-military organizational method became the policing structure. The English colonists brought a criminal justice system as part of their cultural baggage (Walker & Katz, 2008, p. 24). In addition, American policing also used other features from the British system. A member of England’s elite social and political class fought to improve the structure of the law enforcement for more than 30 years. History expresses itself and acknowledges this member as the “father” of modern policing, otherwise known as Sir Robert Peel (Walker & Katz, 2008, p. 25). After the collapse of the England law enforcement in the early nineteenth century, Sir Robert Peel took a stand to control order and organization in the law enforcement system...
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...morality. It follows from the first criticism that Thomson's volunteerism is fatal to family morality, which has as one of its central beliefs that an individual has special and filial obligations to his offspring and family that he does not have to other persons. Although Thomson may not consider such a fatality as being all that terrible, since she may accept the feminist dogma that the traditional family is "oppressive" to women,12 a great number of ordinary men and women, who have found joy, happiness, and love in family life, find Thomson's volunteerism to be counter-intuitive. Philosopher Christina Sommers has come to a similar conclusion: For it [the volunteerist thesis] means that there is no such thing as filial duty per se, no such thing as the special duty of mother to child, and generally no such thing as morality of special family or kinship relations. All of which is contrary to what people think. For most people think that we do owe special debts to our parents even though we have not voluntarily assumed our obligations to them. Most people think that what we owe to our children does not have its origin in any voluntary undertaking, explicit or implicit, that we have made to them. And "preanalytically," many people believe that we owe special consideration to our siblings even at times when we may not feel very friendly to them . . . . The idea that to be committed to an individual is to have made a voluntarily implicit or explicit commitment to that individual is generally...
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...Policing Paper Brenda Marshall AJS/502 July 23, 2012 Policing Paper Sir Robert Peel established the nine principles of law enforcement also known as the Peelian Principles in 1892 under the base of patrol functions defined as deterring crime, enhancing the feeling of public safety, and making law enforcement officers available for service. Police departments today use these nine principles as a foundation of maintaining positive relationships with citizens and their community (FBI, 2012). The Metropolitan Police Act (MPA) of 1829 was established by Sir Robert Peel during his term as the Secretary of England. Peel’s theory rests mainly on his quote “The key to policing is that the police are the people and that the people are the police.” The concept behind the Peelian Principles is preventing crime, not fighting crime. In order for community policing to be proved successful, Peel first established the Metropolitan Police. Because of the success in community policing, today’s police agencies still base their ethics and policies around the nine Peelian Principles as listed below. The first Peelian Principle explains the basic mission of police existence; prevent crime and disorder. The concept of prevention of crime is to the alternative factor of control by legal punishment or military style force (Nazemi, 2012). Most individuals consider the consequences prior to committing a criminal act. The majority of the individuals who do make the...
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...Abstract: This paper evaluates an ethical school counseling dilemma where a counselor is ultimately faced with a student’s disclosure of suicidal intentions. The setting takes place in a public high school where Lakia, a counselor decides to begin a “relationship skills” group. Lakia post advertisements drawing interest from current students through the schools counseling office. She advertised with little information regarding the mission or purpose of the group. Lakia did not request information from students interested in the group such as their interest to participate, the nature of their past and current problems or previous experiences with other groups. The first meeting began with a total of nine students heavily skewed in the female gender with only two male participants. During the opening of the first meeting, one of the male participants named Robert self discloses his violent past and that he often experiences anger issues predominantly toward women. During a break, five of the female participants decide to exclude themselves from the group. Robert then proceeds to become emotional and unveils his intentions to commit suicide when he arrives home afterschool. This paper will evaluate this ethical dilemma using the American Counseling Association’s (ACA) Decision Model. Evaluation will include discussions identifying the problem, applying the American School Counseling Association (ASCA) Ethical Code, determining the nature and dimensions of the dilemma...
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...“Our new constitution is now established and has an appearance that promises permanency, but in this world nothing can be said to be certain except taxes and death” B. Franklin When the founding fathers created the American government or the constitution they formed a living document that was split into three different branches. Each branch was meant to keep the other in check and make sure that they did not abuse their powers. The branches of government were as follow the lawmaking, executive and the jurisdictive. The constitution started out has simple two page document because the founding fathers couldn’t agree on much of anything. When the framers first thought of the Supreme Court they were thinking of a branch of government that would have supreme power. This is evident by the way each branch is laid out in the establishment. Each branch of government has its power expounded to them in detail. When it came to the court the description of power became vague. Some scholars believe that the founding fathers didn’t give the Supreme Court as many restrictions because they wanted a court of judge that would rule and intrepid the constitution as they would. The constitution was never meant to govern the people of America it was meant to rule and control them. The founding fathers picked people for the court that had the same backgrounds as them. According to the how the constitution is worded the framers gave the court the right to make law based on thing un for seen by them...
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...Is There an Ethical Duty to Provide Health Care to Undocumented Immigrants? Introduction The topic of discussion is in regards to an ethical concern debating the duty to provide health care to undocumented immigrants. The easiest description of an undocumented immigrant is that he or she is a foreign-born person who doesn’t have a legal right to be or remain in the United States. Two different views of the ethical concerns regarding the duty for health care coverage for undocumented immigrants are offered. There are opposing positions on this issue, each have many interesting facts and rationale to defend their views. However, I will add that it is interesting that one view is from medical doctors and the other is from a justice with the federal court of appeals. The first article is through the eyes of doctors Rajeev Raghavan and Ricardo Nuila. They believe that standardized coverage should be allowed for undocumented immigrants. They share a patient’s story with Irreversible kidney failure whom is an undocumented immigrant. They suggest that coverage would alleviate the burden on taxpayers. The second position is shared by David W....
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...Nine Principles of Policing Sir Robert Peel & Sir Richard Mayne Barbara Cox ECPI CJ 110 Mr. Taylor July 28, 2012 Abstract The Nine Principles are a set of rules that were formed during the 1800’s for police officers so they could maintain order and enforce the law to an extent while still maintaining the respect of the public. Sir Robert Peel came up with his own set of Nine Principles and Sir Richard Mayne just added to them upon replacing Sir Robert Peel. Introduction The purpose of this paper will be to discuss the Nine Principles of Policing, and who what where and why, these principles were need. We will start by discussing Sir Robert Peel his background and ideals. We also will discuss Sir Richard Mayne and his background as well as his ideals. We will also be discussing why these two men’s’ ideals are accredited for being the foundation of modern policing. The information that was used to research this paper has come from online articles, online newspapers, others’ papers, and the hand out provided in class. Sir Robert Peel (5 February 1788 – 2 July 1850) Sir Robert Peel was born on 5 February 1788 at Chamber Hall just outside of Bury in Lancashire. The Peels were farmers and weavers in Lancashire, but were mostly known for making their fortune in textile manufacturing. Robert was educated...
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...Unit 1 Individual Project Student Name Student University MGT 680: Dr. ___________ May 11, 2014 Abstract The following discusses the process of creating a mission statement for fictitious company ToolsCorp Corporation and writes the company’s mission statement is using the nine essential components framework. This report focuses on the principles and tools needed to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the strategic objective process. Lastly, this report considers any legal and ethical issues. Unit 1 Individual Project The following discusses the process of creating a mission statement for fictitious company ToolsCorp Corporation and writes the company’s mission statement is using the nine essential components framework. This report focuses on the principles and tools needed to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the strategic objective process. Lastly, this report considers any legal and ethical issues. Launching a new business rests on a vision, or a set of beliefs, that the business can offer a product or service to consumers in a specific at a profitable price (David, 2013, p. 44). As a business grows, it is necessary for owners or managers to revise the company vision and mission. The original ideas are typically exhibited in the revised vision and mission. ToolCorp Corporation, located in Tennessee, produces power tools, lawn equipment such as mowers and furniture, as well as microwave and range appliances. This company has a booming...
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...emperor often regarded as the summo ente. The summo ente is often a male but can at times be female and their rule lasts their entire lives. The emperor is highest level of government in the G.L.C. They are truly a person to be feared. The way the people of the G.L.C follow every word of the Odium Cupiditas can be frightening at times. Under him are nine senators that control the armies and certain territories inside the G.L.C. It is these senators duties to create peace or conduct war with the native tribes that border the G.L.C. Next to the position of senator there is the position of governor. There are nine governors that are each assigned to one out of the nine territories. It is the governor’s jobs to work side by side with the senators to make laws that help benefit the people inside the territories. The territories are divided into cities which are governed by mayors. The mayor’s job is to solve disputes within cities and to keep the peace. This is the government of the Great Lakes Civilization. RELIGION: There are four father spirits inside of the great lakes civilization, There is the spirit of Huron a fierce warrior whose duty is to protect the people of the G.L.C. Then there is the Dark Spirit of Erie who is a very malicious spirit who cause disease and low temperatures. Then there is the Good Spirit of Ontario who brings good fortune to the Great Lakes Civilization. The last Father Spirit is the Apathetic Spirit of Superior who grants safety to those who pray to him...
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...ceiling is beginning to sag. Sarah has complained about the roof leaks to Franks and Franks told Sarah he has caulked the roof, however the roof still leaks. Sarah feels it is Franks’ responsibility to repair the roof; Franks believes since Sarah has sole control of the leased premises, she has the duty to repair the roof. Legal Application: Constructive eviction, maintaining the premises, implied warranty of habitability, and application of the warranty. Resolution: There are four remedies available to Sarah. Sarah can withhold rental payments, repair the property herself and deduct that amount from her rent (provided that doing so is in conformity with state and local laws), cancel the lease, or sue for damages. Additionally, Franks would be liable for any injuries caused from defects on the property. Case 49 #5a: Lease Assignment Issue: I am a college student and plan to attend classes for nine months. I signed a twelve-month apartment lease and paid a $150 security deposit. School is now over for the year and I have a summer job back home. I want to assign the balance of my lease, which is three months, to a fellow student who is going to attend summer school. Legal Application: It depends on what the original lease states; does it allow for a sublease or assignment? In any event, I must have the landlord’s consent to the sublease, also called an assignment. A clause that requires the landlord’s consent to the assignment is called a forfeiture restraint. This...
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...beliefs on the fact that police and the people of the community are equal in terms of effective policing. For a plan of action to be successful it’s necessary to have effective communication between all involved. Policing Paper Sir Robert Peel established the nine principles of law enforcement also known as the Peelian Principles in 1892 under the base of patrol functions defined as deterring crime, enhancing the feeling of public safety, and making law enforcement officers available for service. Police departments today use these nine principles as a foundation of maintaining positive relationships with citizens and their community (FBI, 2012). The Metropolitan Police Act (MPA) of 1829 was established by Sir Robert Peel during his term as the Secretary of England. Peel’s theory rests mainly on his quote “The key to policing is that the police are the people and that the people are the police.” The concept behind the Peelian Principles is preventing crime, not fighting crime. In order for community policing to be proved successful, Peel first established the Metropolitan Police. Because of the success in community policing, today’s police agencies still base their ethics and policies around the nine Peelian Principles...
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