...away all meaning to pregnancy. A New Look at Surrogate Motherhood Would you rather be a genetic or a birth mother? There was a study done, fifty women were asked this question as a result the majority of the women preferred to be a birth mother rather than a genetic mother. (Would you rather be a 'birth' or a 'genetic' mother? if so, how much?, 1994). The bonds a woman establishes with her child while pregnant is one that can never be replaced. If the majority of women would rather bear a child themselves for this particular reason; why is commercial surrogate motherhood on the rise? Some women are beginning to consider commercial surrogate motherhood as a better alternative than adoption. To enforce a contract on something that is so personal to women like labor and childbirth is not only ethically wrong but morally wrong as well. What is surrogacy? Surrogacy is when one woman bears a child for another that for some reason cannot do on their own. There are several types of surrogacy; Altruistic, commercial, genetic and gestatory. Altruistic surrogacy is when the person bearing the child is doing it for a family member or friend. Commercial surrogacy is when the potential parents seek an individual to bear their child and usually involves payment to the surrogate. Both altruistic and commercial surrogate mothers can be genetic or gestatory. Genetic surrogate mothers are genetically tied to fetus they carry (their egg with the potential father’s sperm if...
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... 2 Should abortion be legal? What is abortion and who does it affect? An abortion is to terminate a pregnancy by removal of the fetus . The woman is affected by it because it’s her body that this method is performed on. There are millions of abortions done every year, and 95% are done illegally in the United States of America. There are different methods a woman can do to have an abortion done. Some of the methods are taking the” Morning after Pill”. This method will make the woman have a miscarriage within 48 hours. Another method is to have a surgery to remove the baby or fetus. This method gives you up to 22 weeks to have an abortion. The first reason why women have abortions is the mother is in a life threating position. The doctors are the ones who can say if its life threating or if the mother and baby can make it together. About 90% of women who are in life threating situation do not want to live, but they want the baby to make it. The life threating situation is because if the mother can be n a suicide watch and trying to kill the baby and herself. What if the woman fell into a coma while she is pregnant? How would the baby survive, if the mother is not eating and getting the right vitamins that she need for the baby. Sometimes you have to think about the good and the bad in some situations. The second reason women have abortions is because they were raped and the...
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...The first day The short story, “The first day” is about a young daughter and a mother. It is written by Edward P. Jones The daughter is about to start in elementary school, and there is a lot of feelings involved in this new chapter of her life. The girl is wearing a checkeredlike blue-and-green cotton dress, and her mother spent nearly an hour on her hair this morning, plaiting and replaiting, so that the girl’s head tingles, all this for making a good expression of her daughter, the first day of a whole new life with school. The new start of the daughter’s life starts out crooked anyhow, as they are turned down at the first school they go to. The mother wants her to go to Seaton Elementary School, as its location is close to an important place for the mother. Seaton is just across the street from her mother’s rock – the church. The reason the woman from Seaton Elementary School turns them down is because of the place they are living. She says that since they are living beyond the area that Seaton serves, her daughter cannot be attending Seaton. They will have to visit Walker-Jones Elementary School instead. The mother is not convinced yet though, for several more minutes she questions the woman why her daughter can’t attend Seaton. This point in the story gives great insight in her mother’s will, and how much she really wants to give her daughter an education. Even though the woman turns her down, she does not give up. As well as it shows that she has a strong...
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...While women have always been found in the workplace, this is not true of mothers. In the past, only women without children held jobs outside the home. Others were deemed “stay-at-home” mothers, and their work was reserved for the confines of their houses. Today, women have the opportunity to have careers outside the home whether they have children or not. Although things changed for the mothers, the expectations from employers for female workers did not change. Women are expected to do the same jobs whether they have children or not. Where the difference comes in is when working mothers leave their day jobs and go home. A mother’s work is never done and she has a whole set of responsibilities outside of her work environment that a woman without children does not have. While a woman without children may work just as hard as a woman with children, a mother’s work is, often times, more complicated. For example, overtime may be offered to all female workers, but mothers will view the overtime in a different way. Overtime is always a luxury when the employer offers it, but some workers may need it more than others. Women who have children could benefit from this overtime more than the other working women without children. If the overtime was offered to the mothers first, it would help them out with many financial needs. By having that extra money, they could start a savings for their children’s college funds and it could also help them provide a more comfortable lifestyle for their...
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...written by Jamaica Kincaid about a mother who speaks to her daughter about the responsibilities she need to uphold as she grows into a woman. These are not just duties that she need to uphold as a woman, but in order for her to be respected in society. For example, the mother tells the daughter to soak her clothes right after she takes them off because clothes play a factor when it comes to first impressions. When you wear proper clothing it shows that you have self-respect and a high level of maturity. In other words, someone who is poorly dressed displays a sign of poverty. Even if they are not poorly dressed men can see them as sluts because women dress with low maturity and no respect and that is what the mother is...
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...when it is what the woman wants or needs to do for either her health or the babies. Fetal suffering is one reason to keep abortion legal because 67% of fetal anomalies will be terminated in the second trimester due to concern for both the child and mothers quality of life (Antenatal Care). Rape is another circumstance in which the woman may need an abortion. Postpartum depression, an effect of rape caused pregnancies, already has more than 3 million people in its grips a year (Rape-related...
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...Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy. It is a surgical procedure, available in almost every country in the world, in which a fetus or embryo is removed from the uterus of a pregnant woman. According to an article made by the Herald-Journal, a U.S. newspaper based on Utah, 22% of all pregnancies around the world end in abortion. This means that every year millions of lives are destroyed before they even have the chance to breathe. These poor babies, who could have accomplished great things in their life – babies who are already alive – are killed deliberately by doctors. And everyday, more and more abortions occur as they are starting to be legalized in more countries. With that stated, I don’t agree with abortion and I definitely think it should be illegal in every country. As a teenager I’ve been warned and talked extensively about abortion by my parents, teachers, and relatives in general. Abortion is a very popular topic among adolescents. The reason why this is a very prominent issue among the people of my generation is because every day more and more teenage girls are getting pregnant. They don’t take sex seriously and are very irresponsible during intercourse. An internet article states that in the U.S. alone there are 820,000 teen pregnancies annually. This is very shocking because it means that 34% of all teenage girls in the States will end up pregnant before turning 20. Other alarming figures include that 8 out of 10 of these pregnancies are unintended...
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...come as a result of a bad relationship. Life is harsh and full of disappointments, especially growing up as a child while being neglected by your parents. The mute protagonist of the story, Violet, is forced to realise this at a very early age. We follow Violet through this moment of realization. During a church attending just before Christmas the main character Violet sees a painting of a beautiful woman in blue dress. Not realising that this woman is a painting of Mother Mary she mistakes her for a real person. This gentle woman is starkly different from her own strict mother who lambasts her every action. Thus she begins to greatly admire Mother Mary whom she begins to see everywhere. Thus one day when she sees a picture of Mother Mary lovingly holding the baby Jesus in a newspaper the jealousy swells inside here and she stabs his eyes with a pencil and draws blood on him. Greatly disturbed by this her mother takes her to a priest. While there she once more sees Mother Mary with the baby Jesus. As her mother slowly grows more disappointed in her she comes to realise that Mother Mary will never love her more than the baby Jesus, as she tries to scream, nothing happens. This moment of disappointment, likely her first real disappointment, shows her how hard life can be, and her own powerlessness. The story is told by a first person narrator in a past tense. The story is told as a retrospective, as the narrator looks back on one of the...
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...My name is Mahaji Ahi Khuwaylid daughter of Khadijah Bint Khuwaylid and Khadijah Bint Khuwaylid. My mother was a well-known merchant and a respected woman even in death. I alongside my siblings hold a high social status in Mecca. I decided to continue to run my mother’s merchant company. My brothers have businesses of their own. In Islam it is unusual for a woman to be in a place of leadership however in my case this is an exception because my mother was held with such high regards. Some people feel jealous of my status and even after my mother’s death argue that my father only stayed faithful to her because of her higher social standing but I know the truth. It was because they were madly in love. They meet through a friend of my mother’s named Nafisa. She told my father that my mom wanted to marry him but he said that he wasn’t able to support a wife. She told her friend to let him know that she could support herself and then they were married. They stayed married 25 years. This is the kind of love I want. My mother taught me it is ok to turn down a proposal and also how to be a strong woman. However not every woman is blessed with this opportunity or privilege. I miss my mother. She passed away and I visit my mother’s tomb frequently. She is buried in Jannatul Mualla cemetery, in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. My Father is a prophet; he said he saw the revelation from the Angel Gabriel in the cave of Hira. He stays with his wife Aisha. My father showed all of us how to pray to Allah...
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...throughout the novel. In The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, women--including Victor's mother, the aunt in "The Fun House," and Norma Many Horses--are symbols of strength. In the novel The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, Victor's mother is one of the women who symbolizes strength. In the chapter "Jimi Hendrix," when Victor's father wrecked his bike, he was in the hospital for two months, and Victor's mother visited him every day until he recovered although she and Victor's father were split up. The narrator, Victor, states that "even though my mother didn't want to be married to him anymore and...
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...acquires human characteristics. So, although it isn’t sure exactly where a fetus becomes a person, Thomson agrees that the fetus is a person before birth. Therefore, she grants that the fetus is a person from the moment of conception for her argument. (p. 146) Thomson also uses the phrase ‘minimally decent Samaritan’ in her argument. By this, she means one who doesn’t go out of his way to help one in need. However, they don’t ignore when their help is needed, either. A minimally decent Samaritan does just what is considered to be minimally decent of them; they help when needed, but only with basal acts. In this paragraph, I will present Thomson’s argument, which is as follows: 1) In a case of protected sex where a fetus is conceived, the mother has not assumed the...
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...1. Introduction "I am called the Virgin Queen. Unmarried, I have no master. Childless, I am mother to my people. I am the queen, I am myself." This quote from the movie “Elizabeth: The Golden Age“ describes the fascination about Elizabeth I of England in few sentences. A woman, who could prevail in a male-dominated society. A woman, who waived her own fortune for the sake of her subjects. A woman, who influences the national pride of the English even today. So it is not surprising that there is plenty of literature, opera and movies about Elizabeth I. The following term paper examines three movies, where Elizabeth I is the protagonist. “Elizabeth“, with Cate Blanchett in the leading role, is about the days of her youth. The 1998 movie shows the development of a young princess, who was crowned after the death of her half sister Maria. The first years of her reign are very turbulent, because the creation of a Protestant Church by her father Henry VIII and the return to Catholicism under Maria split the nation. The inexperienced Elizabeth has to determine which religion should be the official one in order to prevent a civil war. Meanwhile her consultants give her advice to keep the line of succession by marriage. But to whom shall she entrust her heart and kingdom? At the end of the movie all problems are solved and Elizabeth creates the icon of the “virgin queen“. Nine years later, the sequel of the movie from 1998, “Elizabeth: The Golden Age“ was released. She is in her 26th...
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...and cousin and drove by Planned Parenthood. There was a woman and man standing there with signs. My cousin could not understand why there were two men with sign protesting the clinic. I explained to her that as I know Planned Parenthood give women options about abortion, which many people are against abortion. She then said loudly that she is also against abortion and she hates women who hurt their innocent babies. She continued saying she did not understand why there are so many evil women and with no heart aborting all their innocent babies. I told her that I had a different view from her. She even got more intense and demanded me to state my opinion. I explained to her that I used to believe that abortion was wrong, but as I learn more about all the innocent babies and children in poor homes and foster homes were not living...
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...Party’s position on abortion states that all unborn children should be protected. In the case Roe v. Wade, in 1973, the decision was made that an unborn fetus could be deliberately murdered. Roe v. Wade changed America greatly. Since that year, more than fifty-four million, unborn babies have been killed against their will. The Republican Party is pro-life, and they believe in the Fourteenth Amendment. The Fourteenth Amendment states that every individual’s rights belongs to themselves and no one else. A Fetus's right to life should not be contingent on their mother’s choice. “Roe v. Wade is the fountainhead of the now-imperial federal judiciary that has violated, not only the rights...
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...are limited. This story deals most with a woman without any given name that has lost her son and husband to the big sea. We find her to walk at the Rotherhithe docks, which she has done for decades, but nobody cares about her, yet she still starts to talk every time someone passes by, but she does not talk to the person, she talks to the rain which flows into the Thames River. “And then she sees you. She sees you and she begins to talk, not to you, oh no, but to the grey water….”(P.2, 13-14) This gives the reader an idea of her being a little crazy, because she talks to the rain and the river, which in any way cannot respond. She had a son who wanted to be a sailor, just like his dad. The woman does not like it, because she had already lost the father because of the sea. He went and never came back, so the mom does not want the son to go, but he does, and he does not come back either. She seems to be a loving mother, but has gone crazy because of her loses, yet her stories are very interesting for the protagonist, and he/she keeps listening to the story even though it is raining. ".. and you do not know what to reply, or how to reply. You would have to shout to make yourself heard over the roar of the rain, but she talks, and you listen. You discover yourself craning and straining to catch her words.” (P.2, 15-16) The narrator can not resist listening to the, what seems like, exciting stories the woman is telling. She does not want a fancy house, so she does not seem to be...
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