Car 2 summary
Crowding in the nation’s EDs poses a serious threat to the quality, safety, and timeliness of emergency care
The consequences of ED crowding, which include delayed treatment, patient elopement, prolonged transport, increased mortality, and financial losses, are numerous and affect the entire health care system.

The most commonly cited contributor to ED crowding is the inability to move admitted patients from the ED into inpatient hospital beds
Admitted patient holding in the emergency department has since been identified as one of the primary causes of ED overcrowding. boarding is the primary cause of ambulance diversion, a practice that delays access to emergency care and can send inbound patients to a hospital where the medical staff does not know them and has no access to their medical records.
The result has been serious overcrowding. If the beds in a hospital are filled, patients cannot be transferred from the ED to inpatient units. This can lead to the practice of “boarding” patients—holding them in the ED, often in beds in hallways, until an inpatient bed becomes available.

* The LMP is an expansion of the bed management process to include a systematic approach to patient flow management throughout the facility, including a clinical liaison or field agent to drive throughput at all points of care. 
 * a new department dedicated to patient throughput and approved by the entire administrative team was established. 
 The purpose of this study was to assess an intervention that uses a logistics management strategy throughout the hospital to alleviate crowding in the emergency department.

* ED evaluation time—the time from when a patient first presents to the emergency department (arrival at greeter desk for registration) for treatment until an MD order for admission has been written 
 * ED placement