...Demography of Germany Concepts, Data, and Methods G. Rohwer U. P¨tter o Version 3 October 2003 Fakult¨t f¨r Sozialwissenschaft a u Ruhr-Universit¨t Bochum, GB 1 a 44780 Bochum goetz.rohwer@ruhr-uni-bochum.de ulrich.poetter@ruhr-uni-bochum.de Preface This text is an introduction to concepts and methods of demographic description and analysis. The substantial focus is on the demographic development of Germany, all data refer to this country. The main reason for this focus on a single country is that we want to show how the tools of demography can actually be used for the analysis of demographic problems. The text consists of two parts. Part I introduces the conceptual framework and explains basic statistical notions. This part also includes a short chapter that explains how we speak of “models” and why we do not make a sharp distinction between “describing” and “modeling” demographic processes. Then follows Part II that deals with data and methods. In the present version of the text, we almost exclusively discuss mortality and fertility data; migration is only mentioned in Chapter 6 and briefly considered in the context of a Leslie model at the end of the text. In addition to providing a general introduction to concepts of demography, the text also intends to show how to practically work with demographic data. We therefore extensively document all the data used and explain the statistical calculations in detail. In fact, most of these calculations are quite simple;...
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...Page No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Academic calendar Digital Communications Microprocessors and microcontrollers Digital Signal Processing Object Oriented Programming Through Java Managerial Economics And Financial Analysis Digital Signal Processing Lab Microprocessor & Microcontroller Lab Advanced English Communication Skills Lab Object Orient Programming Through Java Lab 2 3 48 85 129 186 217 219 222 224 ACADEMIC CALENDAR VIGNAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ACADEMIC CALENDAR B. Tech Academic Year 2013 - 2014 - II - Semester S.No Event Date th 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Submission of abstracts of main project by IV years Faculty orientation program Commencement of Class work Spell for UNIT – I Instructions Fresher’s day Spell for UNIT – II Instructions Alumni meet VIGNAN TARANG Spell for Unit-III Instructions st nd Assignment -1/ Unit test-1 on I & II Units Submission of results & week students list to Dept Spell for Unit-IV Instructions University I-Mid-Exam- II & IV Year rd University I-Mid-Exam- III Year Spell for UNIT – V Instructions for II &IV years rd Spell for UNIT – V Instructions for III year LAB INTERNAL-1 Commencement of Special classes for Slow learners Spell for UNIT – VI Instructions for II &IV years rd Spell for UNIT – VI Instructions for III year Submission of Mini project title along with guide for III year Spell for Unit – VII Instructions...
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...Communication Networks Sharam Hekmat PragSoft Corporation www.pragsoft.com Contents Contents Preface 1. Introduction 1.1. Network Components 1.2. Network Types 1.3. The OSI Model 1.3.1. The Physical Layer 1.3.2. The Data Link Layer 1.3.3. The Network Layer 1.3.4. The Transport Layer 1.3.5. The Session Layer 1.3.6. The Presentation Layer 1.3.7. The Application Layer 1.4. Protocol Notations 1.4.1. Service Primitives 1.4.2. Sequence Diagrams 1.4.3. State Transition Diagrams 1.5. Standards 1.6. Further Reading 1.7. Summary 1.8. Exercises 2. The Physical Layer 2.1. Equipment 2.1.1. Equipment Types 2.1.2. Connection Types 2.2. Transmission 2.2.1. Signal Types 2.2.2. Modulation 2.2.3. Digitization 2.2.4. Synchronization 2.2.5. Transmission Media 2.3. Multiplexing 2.3.1. Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) vi Communication Networks 6 10 1 2 2 4 7 7 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 Copyright © 2005 PragSoft 2.3.2. Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) 2.3.3. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) 2.3.4. Concentration 2.4. Physical Layer Standards 2.4.1. RS-232 2.4.2. CCITT X.21 2.5. Further Reading 2.6. Summary 2.7. Exercises 3. The Data Link Layer 3.1 Link Protocol Types 3.1.1. Synchronous Protocols 3.1.2. Asynchronous Protocols 3.1.3. Master-Slave Protocols 3.1.4. Peer-to-Peer Protocols 3.2. Link Protocol Functions 3.2.1. Acknowledgments 3.2.2. Timers 3.2.3. Error Checking 3.2.4. Retransmission 3.2.5. Flow Control 3.3. Sliding Window...
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...Exercises 1. (a) Probability distribution function for Y Outcome (number of heads) probability Y=0 0.25 Y=1 0.50 Y=2 0.25 (b) Cumulative probability distribution function for Y Outcome (number of heads) Probability Y −1.96 and < −1.96. Solving these inequalities yields n ≥ 9220. 18. Pr (Y = $0) = 0.95, Pr (Y = $20000) = 0.05. (a) The mean of Y is μY = 0 × Pr (Y = $0) + 20, 000 × Pr (Y = $20000) = $1000. The variance of Y is 2 σ Y = E ⎢ ( Y − μY ) ⎢ ⎡ ⎣ 2⎤ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦ = (0 − 1000)2 × Pr (Y = 0 ) + (20000 − 1000)2 × Pr (Y = 20000) = (−1000)2 × 0.95 + 19000 2 × 0.05 = 1.9 × 10 7, so the standard deviation of Y is σ Y = (1.9 × 107 ) 2 = $4359. 1 2 (b) (i) E (Y ) = μY = $1000, σ Y = σnY = 1.9×10 = 1.9 × 10 5. 100 2 7 (ii) Using the central limit theorem, Pr (Y > 2000) = 1 − Pr (Y ≤ 2000) ⎛ Y − 1000 2, 000 − 1, 000 ⎞ = 1 − Pr ⎜ ≤ ⎟ 5 1.9 × 10 5 ⎠ ⎝ 1.9 × 10 ≈ 1 − Φ (2.2942) = 1 − 0.9891 = 0.0109. Solutions to Exercises in Chapter 2 11 19. (a) Pr (Y = y j ) = ∑ Pr ( X = xi , Y = y j ) i =1 l l = ∑ Pr (Y =y j|X =xi )Pr ( X =xi ) i =1 (b) E (Y ) = ∑ y j Pr (Y = yj ) = ∑ yj ∑ Pr (Y = yj |X = xi ) Pr ( X = xi ) j =1 j =1 i =1 k k l =∑ l ⎛ k ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ i =1 ⎜ j =1 ⎝ l ∑ yj Pr (Y = yj |X = xi ) ⎟ Pr ( X =xi ) ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎟ =∑ E (Y |X =xi )Pr ( X =xi ). i =1 (c) When X and Y are independent, Pr (X = xi , Y = yj ) = Pr (X = xi )Pr (Y = yj ), so σ XY = E[( X − μ X )(Y − μY )] =∑ ∑ ( xi −μX )( y j −μY ) Pr ( X =xi , Y =y j ) i =1 j =1 l k l...
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...saying things like “Look” in a stern voice was necessarily going to get him, and time was not on his side. What the hell, he thought, you’re only young once, and threw himself out of the window. That would at least keep the element of surprise on his side. ... In a spirit of scientific inquiry he hurled himself out of the window again. Douglas Adams Mostly Harmless Strangely, the thing that least intrigued me was how they’d managed to get it all done. I suppose I sort of knew. If I’d learned one thing from traveling, it was that the way to get things done was to go ahead and do them. Don’t talk about going to Borneo. Book a ticket, get a visa, pack a bag, and it just happens. Alex Garland The Beach vi Chapter Summary 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Computing Sub-basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING AND NETWORKS TElECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING NffiWRKS AND THIS PAGE IS BLANK Copyright © 2006, 2005 New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers Published by New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this ebook may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the publisher. All inquiries should be emailed to rights@newagepublishers.com ISBN (10) : 81-224-2349-3 ISBN (13) : 978-81-224-2349-5 PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLD NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002 Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com PREFACE This text, ‘Telecommunication Switching and Networks’ is intended to serve as a onesemester text for undergraduate course of Information Technology, Electronics and Communication Engineering, and Telecommunication Engineering. This book provides in depth knowledge on telecommunication switching and good background for advanced studies in communication networks. The entire subject is dealt with conceptual treatment and the analytical or mathematical approach is made only to some extent. For best understanding, more diagrams (202) and tables (35) are introduced wherever necessary in each chapter. The telecommunication switching is the fast growing field and enormous research and development are undertaken by...
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...INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION 1 Compiled By: RONKY F. DOH (aka: ronky biggy diggy daddy igp) FU DAME TALS OF COMPUTERS We are living in an information age dependent upon digital information. Digital information is electronic information, the result of computer processing. Every type of job relies upon getting information, using it, managing it, and relaying information to others. Computers enable the efficient processing and storage of information. Do not think of a computer merely as the machine with the keyboard and the mouse, although that might be true for some types of computers. Embedded computers may be inside your household appliances, the video cassette recorder, the automobile, planes, trains, power plants, water purification plants, calculators, and even inside a few toys. These embedded computers are very small. They affect our lives each day. Why, even modern traffic lights operate with computers. They are all around us. Think of additional ways in which computers affect our lives each day. Every organization somehow use(s) a computer to run the organization. Some of the places are hospitals, schools, fire department, banks, stores or supermarkets, stock exchange, police department, insurance companies, transport companies, and government agencies etc. What is a computer? A computer is many things to many people, depending on what it is being used for. At one time the computer can be a machine which processes the payroll, then it can be a machine which tabulates...
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...1. China Mobile, empereur de la téléphonie China Mobile a de quoi faire pâlir de jalousie Orange, SFR et Bouygues réunis. Le premier opérateur mobile de Chine totalise 290 millions de clients, ce qui en fait le plus gros opérateur mobile du monde. La société est issue de la restructuration du secteur des télécommunications chinois en 2000, pour cause d'entrée dans l'organisation mondiale du commerce. - Chiffre d'affaires 2010: 24 milliards d'euros - Résultat opérationnel 2010: 7,3 milliards d'euros 2. Dongfeng, des partenariats pour mieux grandir Dongfeng Motor, troisième constructeur automobile de Chine, n'en finit plus de grandir. Son bénéfice net a augmenté de 69% au premier semestre 2009, à 107,7 millions d'euros. Une des recettes de l'entreprise : monter des co-entreprises avec des acteurs plus expérimentés, tels Honda et PSA. En 2007, Dongfeng lancera sept nouveaux modèles sous sa propre marque. Il est entré en bourse fin 2005. - Chiffre d'affaires semestriel 2010: 2,3 milliards d'euros - Résultat net semestriel 2010: 107,7 millions d'euros 3. Haier, la PME d'Etat devenue empire mondial Haier est tout simplement le symbole du capitalisme chinois. L'ex-PME d'Etat sans le sous est devenue en vingt ans un géant de l'électroménager, pesant 10,3 milliards d'euros de chiffre d'affaires en 2008 contre 2,5 milliards pour le leader français Seb. En revanche, son résultat net a baissé de 35,2% en 2009. - Chiffre d'affaires 2010: 10,3 milliards d'euros - Résultat...
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...Composition: PreMediaGlobal Cover Credit: © Masterfile Royalty Free Manufacturing Coordinator: Julio Esperas © 2013 Course Technology, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act—without the prior written permission of the publisher. For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706. For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions. Further permissions questions can be e-mailed to permissionrequest@cengage.com. Some of the product names and company names used in this book have been used for identification purposes only and may be...
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...Auditing Cases instructor resource Manual f our th e d itio n Mark S. Beasley Frank A. Buckless Steven M. Glover Douglas F. Prawitt do not coPy or redistribute Prentice hall Upper Saddle River, New Jersey ta b l e s e ct ion o f co n t e n t s 1 2 client acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S o l u tionS inc lu de d in t h iS Section 1.1 Ocean Manufacturing, Inc. 3 The New Client Acceptance Decision s e ct ion Understanding the Client’s Business and assessing risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 S o l u tionS inc lu de d in t h iS Section 2.1 Your1040Return.com Evaluating eBusiness Revenue Recognition, Information Privacy, and Electronic Evidence Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.2 2.3 2.4 Dell Computer Corporation Evaluation of Client Business Risk Flash Technologies, Inc. Asher Farms Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Risk Analysis and Resolution of Client Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Understanding of Client’s Business Environment s e ct ion 3 Professional and ethical issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 S o l u tio nS inc lu de d in t h iS Section 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 A Day in the Life of Brent Dorsey Staff Auditor Professional Pressures Nathan Johnson’s Rental Car Reimbursement Solving Ethical Dilemmas–Should...
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...Press chapter in another scientific or research publication provided that the material has not been credited to another source and that full credit to the Academic Press chapter is given. Academic Press A division of Harcourt, Inc. 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, Cahfomia 92101-4495, USA http://www.academicpress.com Academic Press Harcourt Place, 32 Jamestown Road, London NWl 7BY, UK http ://www. academicpress .com Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001092781 hitemational Standard Book Number: 0-12-500452-4 International Standard Book Number: 0-12-500453-2 (International edition) PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 01 02 03 04 05 06 MB 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Preface vii Note to Students xi Prelude to Multimedia Sugata Mitra 1 Overview of...
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...COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE DESIGNING FOR PERFORMANCE EIGHTH EDITION William Stallings Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data On File Vice President and Editorial Director: Marcia J. Horton Editor-in-Chief: Michael Hirsch Executive Editor: Tracy Dunkelberger Associate Editor: Melinda Haggerty Marketing Manager: Erin Davis Senior Managing Editor: Scott Disanno Production Editor: Rose Kernan Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell Art Director: Kenny Beck Cover Design: Kristine Carney Director, Image Resource Center: Melinda Patelli Manager, Rights and Permissions: Zina Arabia Manager, Visual Research: Beth Brenzel Manager, Cover Visual Research & Permissions: Karen Sanatar Composition: Rakesh Poddar, Aptara®, Inc. Cover Image: Picturegarden /Image Bank /Getty Images, Inc. Copyright © 2010, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458. Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department. Pearson Prentice Hall™ is a trademark of Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson® is a registered trademark of...
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...TTL Cookbook BY Don Lancaster A Division of M t i c e Hall ComputerPublishing 11 711 Nonh College, Cmel, Indiana 46032 USA " 1974 by SAMS A Division of Prentice Hall Computer Publishing. All rights reserved. No parts of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. International Standard Book Number: 0-672-21035-5 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 73-90295 Interpretation of the printing code: the rightmost double-digit number of the first column is the year of the book's printing; the rightmost double-digit number of the second column, the number of the book's printing. For example, a printing code of 92-23 shows that the twenty-third printing of the book occurred in 1992. Printed in the United States of America. Preface I don't like to revise books. Correct, yes. Revise, no. So I won't. A book becomes history the instant it appears in print. To tamper with history messes with what others and I were thinking at the time and distorts the way things...
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...HOW TO Prepare Your Curriculum Vitae Revised Edition Acy L. Jackson and C. Kathleen Geckeis Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-142626-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-139044-8 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve...
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...Sams Teach Yourself C in 24 Hours Previous | Table of Contents | Next Hour 1 - Getting Started A journey of a thousand miles is started by taking the first step. —Chinese proverb High thoughts must have high language. —Aristophanes Welcome to Teach Yourself C in 24 Hours. In this first lesson you'll learn the following: What C is Why you need to learn C The ANSI standard Hardware and software required in order to run the C program What Is C? C is a programming language. The C language was first developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs. Ritchie called his newly developed language C simply because there was a B programming language already. (As a matter of fact, the B language led to the development of C.) C is a high-level programming language. In fact, C is one of the most popular general-purpose programming languages. In the computer world, the further a programming language is from the computer architecture, the higher the language's level. You can imagine that the lowest-level languages are machine languages that computers understand directly. The high-level programming languages, on the other hand, are closer to our human languages. (See Figure 1.1.) Figure 1.1. The language spectrum. High-level programming languages, including C, have the following advantages: Readability: Programs are easy to read. Maintainability: Programs are easy to maintain. Portability: Programs are easy to port across different computer platforms. The...
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